市场经济条件下的社会价值观选择

在社会主义市场经济正处于创建、发展、完善时期,我们必须选择、确立与之相适应的社会价值观,为此,要明确在市场经济条件下,社会价值观选择的依据;要理性选择社会价值观和价值观目标体系;此外,要选择建构起社会价值观体系:即以建设有中国特色的社会主义为总体价值目标;以社会主义市场经济、社会主义民主政治为主要内容;以集体主义价值观为核心;以为人民服务的价值观为落脚点的社会价值观念体系。     

论哲学社会科学在社会发展中的重要作用

哲学社会科学有四个方面的重要作用。一、一些重大的研究成果是实现社会变革、进行根本制度创新的理论先导;二、帮助人们正确地认识和解决各种社会矛盾,促进社会的协调稳定的发展;三、解决世界观、人生观和价值观问题,拓展人的精神境界,提高人的价值;四、应对国际国内形势的新变化,做到与时俱进,推动中国特色的社会主义事业健康发展。     

基于交易费用视角的生猪供应链上游结构变化趋势研究

生猪供应链上游有两种结构:猪贩作为中间商模式和直接交易模式。论文分别从交易三维度视角和模型化交易费用的视角,对两种结构中的交易费用进行了比较。结果表明,随着饲养规模的扩大,生猪供应链上游的结构方式将向直接交易模式转变。     

Optimal experimental plan for multi-level stress testing with Weibull regression under progressive Type-II extremal censoring

In the design of constant-stress life-testing experiments, the optimal allocation in a multi-level stress test with Type-I or Type-II censoring based on the Weibull regression model has been studied in the literature. Conventional Type-I and Type-II censoring schemes restrict our ability to observe extreme failures in the experiment and these extreme failures are important in the estimation of upper quantiles and understanding of the tail behaviors of the lifetime distribution. For this reason, we propose the use of progressive extremal censoring at each stress level, whereas the conventional Type-II censoring is a special case. The proposed experimental scheme allows some extreme failures to be observed. The maximum likelihood estimators of the model parameters, the Fisher information, and asymptotic variance–covariance matrices of the maximum likelihood estimates are derived. We consider the optimal experimental planning problem by looking at four different optimality criteria. To avoid the computational burden in searching for the optimal allocation, a simple search procedure is suggested. Optimal allocation of units for two- and four-stress-level situations is determined numerically. The asymptotic Fisher information matrix and the asymptotic optimal allocation problem are also studied and the results are compared with optimal allocations with specified sample sizes. Finally, conclusions and some practical recommendations are provided.     

A comparative study of tests for paired lifetime data

In this paper, we investigate different procedures for testing the equality of two mean survival times in paired lifetime studies. We consider Owen’s M-test and Q-test, a likelihood ratio test, the paired t-test, the Wilcoxon signed rank test and a permutation test based on log-transformed survival times in the comparative study. We also consider the paired t-test, the Wilcoxon signed rank test and a permutation test based on original survival times for the sake of comparison. The size and power characteristics of these tests are studied by means of Monte Carlo simulations under a frailty Weibull model. For less skewed marginal distributions, the Wilcoxon signed rank test based on original survival times is found to be desirable. Otherwise, the M-test and the likelihood ratio test are the best choices in terms of power. In general, one can choose a test procedure based on information about the correlation between the two survival times and the skewness of the marginal survival distributions.     

Testing for monotonic trend in time series based on resampling methods

In this paper, we propose several tests for monotonic trend based on the Brillinger's test statistic (1989, Biometrika, 76, 23–30). When there are highly correlated residuals or short record lengths, Brillinger's test procedure tends to have significance level much higher than the nominal level. It is found that this could be related to the discrepancy between the empirical distribution of the test statistic and the asymptotic normal distribution. Hence, in this paper, we propose three bootstrap-based procedures based on the Brillinger's test statistic to test for monotonic trend. The performance of the proposed test procedures is evaluated through an extensive Monte Carlo simulation study, and is compared to other trend test procedures in the literature. It is shown that the proposed bootstrap-based Brillinger test procedures can well control the significance levels and provide satisfactory power performance in testing the monotonic trend under different scenarios.     

Precedence tests for equality of two distributions based on early failures of ranked set samples

In this article, two different types of precedence tests, each with two different test statistics, based on ranked set samples for testing the equality of two distributions are discussed. The exact null distributions of proposed test statistics are derived, critical values are tabulated for both set size and number of cycles up to 8, and the exact power functions of these two types of precedence tests under the Lehmann alternative are derived. Then, the power values of these two test procedures and their competitors based on simple random samples and based on ranked set samples are compared under the Lehmann alternative exactly and also under a location-shift alternative by means of Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the impact of imperfect ranking is discussed and some concluding remarks are presented.     

(p,q)-total labeling of complete graphs

Given a graph G and positive integers p,q with p≥q, the (p,q)-total number $\lambda_{p,q}^{T}(G)$ of G is the width of the smallest range of integers that suffices to label the vertices and the edges of G such that the labels of any two adjacent vertices are at least q apart, the labels of any two adjacent edges are at least q apart, and the difference between the labels of a vertex and its incident edges is at least p. Havet and Yu (Discrete Math 308:496–513, 2008) first introduced this problem and determined the exact value of $\lambda_{p,1}^{T}(K_{n})$ except for even n with p+5≤n≤6p ²?10p+4. Their proof for showing that $\lambda _{p,1}^{T}(K_{n})\leq n+2p-3$ for odd n has some mistakes. In this paper, we prove that if n is odd, then $\lambda_{p}^{T}(K_{n})\leq n+2p-3$ if p=2, p=3, or $4\lfloor\frac{p}{2}\rfloor+3\leq n\leq4p-1$ . And we extend some results that were given in Havet and Yu (Discrete Math 308:496–513, 2008). Beside these, we give a lower bound for $\lambda_{p,q}^{T}(K_{n})$ under the condition that q<p<2q.     

国际传播人种学研究的新视野

本文以国际上关于传播媒介和人种学关系的论文为对象,通过对作者属地分布、涉及区域、发表时间、相关媒介和主题域状况等具体数据分析,概括出传播人种学近年来的研究动向和热点,以及我国传播研究在这一方面的进展和前景。     

Absolute Risk or Relative Risk? A Study of Intraspecies and Interspecies Extrapolation of Chemical‐Induced Cancer Risk

We have used the CBDS database of the National Toxicology Program to study the difference between absolute risk and relative risk models for interspecies and intersex predictions of cancer risk. For no combination (class) of tumor and site is the prediction good for all chemicals. The variation in predicted risk between chemicals exceeds the difference in risks resulting from application of these two models. On the whole, it appears that relative risk is a better model.