论和谐政治

和谐政治就是社会的各种政治要素、政治关系健全规范,相互协调、相互融洽,以形成良性互动的政治形态.和谐政治的基本要求或特征主要包括:民主、法治、有序、公开、公正、诚信、妥协、宽容、活力、稳定、责任、有效、廉政、合法性等.这些要求和特征是相互联系、相互交融和相互作用的,体现了和谐政治的有机整体性和形态先进性,揭示了社会主义政治的发展趋势和实践要求.     

用唯物史观看全球化

全球化从最一般的意义上讲是整个世界在经济政治和文化诸方面日益紧密地联系 ,并走向整体化的历史过程。其中起基础性作用的是经济全球化。生产力和科学技术的发展是其根本动力。在整个全球化的历史过程中 ,当前的全球化是其中的一个阶段 ,它的社会性质是以资本主义发达国家主导的 ,国际垄断资本企图征服整个世界的现象和过程。这种全球化过程对整个人类社会有多重作用。一方面促进了生产力和科技的进步 ,另一方面加深了垄断资本对世界人民的剥削 ;一方面对发展中国家的经济发展提供了某些机遇 ,另一方面则更多地使它们面临新的威协和挑战。同时全球化还为将来整个世界走向社会主义和共产主义提供了必要的前提条件。广大发展中国家和社会主义国家要发挥自己的能动作用 ,尽量避免当前全球化的消及影响 ,使历史更多地向有利于自己的方向发展。     

Bandwidth sums of block graphs and cacti

A labeling of a graph G is an injective function f:V(G)→?. The bandwidth sum of a graph G with respect to a labeling f is $B_{s}^{f}(G) = \sum_{uv \in E(G)} |f(u)-f(v)|$ and the bandwidth sum of G is $B_{s}(G) = \min\{B_{s}^{f}(G)\colon f\mbox{ is a labeling of }G\}$ . In this paper, we determine bandwidth sums for some block graphs and cacti.     

From Temporary Competitive Advantage to Sustainable Competitive Advantage

Both industrial organization theory (IO) and the resource‐based view of the firm (RBV) have advanced our understanding of the antecedents of competitive advantage but few have attempted to verify the outcome variables of competitive advantage and the persistence of such outcome variables. Here by integrating both IO and RBV perspectives in the analysis of competitive advantage at the firm level, our study clarifies a conceptual distinction between two types of competitive advantage ? temporary competitive advantage and sustainable competitive advantage ? and explores how firms transform temporary competitive advantage into sustainable competitive advantage. Testing of the developed hypotheses, based on a survey of 165 firms from Taiwan's information and communication technology industry, suggests that firms with a stronger market position can only attain a better outcome of temporary competitive advantage whereas firms possessing a superior position in technological resources or capabilities can attain a better outcome of sustainable competitive advantage. More importantly, firms can leverage a temporary competitive advantage as an outcome of market position to improving their technological resource and capability position, which in turn can enhance their sustainable competitive advantage.     

A revisit of the distribution of linear combinations of Dirichlet components

Provost and Cheong (2000 Provost, S. B., and Y.-H. Cheong. 2000. On the distribution of linear combinations of the components of a Dirichlet random vector. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 28 (2):417–25.[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) show the importance of the distribution of linear combinations of components of a Dirichlet random vector to quadratic forms and their ratios in statistics, which can be applied in a variety of contexts. The c-characteristic function has been shown to be very useful and more practical in some distributions that are hard to manage with the traditional characteristic functions. The importance of the distribution of linear combinations of components of a Dirichlet random vector to quadratic forms and their ratios in statistics, which can be applied in a variety of contexts, is well known. We first provide its inversion formula which is practical in determining the distribution function of a random variable when its c-characteristic function is known. We then use this inversion formula to find an expression of probability density function of linear combinations of components of any Dirichlet vector. This would generalize the currently well known results.     

大国效应下中国的雁阵模式产业升级研究——一个基于制造业的理论分析框架

雁阵模式产业升级是推进中国制造业发展的重要动力。文章立足于大国效应，以制造业为例，通过构建基于企业-消费者-政府三方的数理模型，得出如下结论：大国效应决定了中国可以通过产业集聚与扩散的动态循环推进雁阵模式产业升级进程，而地区间分工经济的实现提高了雁阵模式产业升级的经济效率与质量。中央和地方政府需要依据不同的决策区间，科学选择扶持与调控模式，合理定位其不同角色，从而推进大国效应下的雁阵模式产业升级。     

Analyzing and Modeling the Maximum Diversity Problem by Zero-One Programming*

The problem of maximizing diversity deals with selecting a set of elements from some larger collection such that the selected elements exhibit the greatest variety of characteristics. A new model is proposed in which the concept of diversity is quantifiable and measurable. A quadratic zero-one model is formulated for diversity maximization. Based upon the formulation, it is shown that the maximum diversity problem is NP-hard. Two equivalent linear integer programs are then presented that offer progressively greater computational efficiency. Another formulation is also introduced which involves a different diversity objective. An example is given to illustrate how additional considerations can be incorporated into the maximum diversity model.