约束最优化问题中的LP最小值序列

主要在R~N空间下讨论了有约束的凸最优化问题中LP最小值序列的性质及判别方法．     

Centralized resource allocation BCC models

In two recent papers, Lozano and Villa [Centralized resource allocation using data envelopment analysis. Journal of Productivity Analysis 2004;22:143–61. [1]] and Lozano et al. [Centralized target setting for regional recycling operations using DEA. OMEGA 2004;32:101–10. [2]] introduce the concept of “centralized” data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, which aim at optimizing the combined resource consumption by all units in an organization rather than considering the consumption by each unit separately. This is particularly relevant for situations where some variables are controlled by a central authority (e.g. Head Office) rather than individual unit managers. In this paper we reconsider one of the centralized models proposed by the above-mentioned authors and suggest modifying it to only consider adjustments of previously inefficient units. We show how this new model formulation relate to a standard DEA model, namely as the analysis of the mean inefficient point. We also provide a procedure that can be used to generate alternative optimal solutions, enabling a decision maker to search through alternate solution possibilities in order to select the preferred one. We then extend the model to incorporate non-transferable as well as strictly non-discretionary variables and illustrate the models using an empirical example of a public service organization.     

Simulation and optimization of a new waste remediation process

In the development of large scale technologically advanced projects and procedures, it is often necessary to project the life cycle cost elements of a full production system based upon test results from a much smaller prototype facility. This paper describes an application of simulation to characterize equipment and facilities for a large-scale vitrification plant, based upon available results, expert opinion, and classical cost estimating techniques. This study improves the understanding of the vitrification process and reduced cost uncertainties. Further, it details how optimization was incorporated in modeling the minimum additive waste stabilization blending process to reduce the cost of additives and provide a more rigorous estimate of overall system cost.     

精益化生产方式体现的管理新思想

精益化生产方式 (LeanProduction ,LP)是适应现代制造企业的一种生产组织管理模式。与传统的流水线生产组织形式相比 ,在生产组织运行体制、生产管理目标、LP系统的实施、员工激励等几个方面体现出许多新的思想值得我国企业学习和借鉴     

DEA with streaming data

DEA can be interpreted as a tool for the identification of “frontier outliers” among data points. These are points that are potentially interesting because they exhibit extreme properties in that the values of their attributes, either alone or combined, are at the upper or lower limits of the data set to which they belong. A real challenge for this type of frontier analysis arises when data stream in at high rates and the DEA analysis needs to be performed quickly. This paper extends DEA into this dynamic data environment. The purpose is to propose a formal theoretical framework to handle streaming data and to answer the question of how fast data can be processed using this new framework. Potential applications involving large data sets include auditing, appraisals, fraud detection, and security. In such settings the situation is likely to be dynamic with the data domain constantly changing as new entities arrive in the course of time. New specialized tools to adapt DEA to deal with streaming data will be explored.     

进口贸易技术溢出的地区差异及影响因素分析

应用LP方法测算中国30个省市自治区1998-2014年间从G7国家进口贸易中获得的技术溢出效应;运用熵值分析方法对全国、东中西部之间的进口贸易技术溢出差异进行分析;基于省际面板数据从吸收和引进两方面计量分析影响进口贸易技术溢出的因素。结果显示:进口贸易技术溢出效应在中国呈现出由东部向西部逐渐递减、空间分布集中度高的特点;从全国来看,研发强度、人力资本和贸易结构对中国进口贸易技术溢出起正向促进作用,技术差距起负向抑制作用;从区域来看,人力资本和技术差距在不同区域作用差异明显。其中,人力资本在东中部地区起正向作用,在西部地区起负向作用,技术差距在东部地区起促进作用,但不显著,在中西部地区起显著的负向作用。     

制造业集聚和全要素生产率——基于制造业微观数据经验研究

运用1998-2007年中国工业企业微观数据计算了我国31个制造行业集聚指数（EG指数）,采用LP方法估计了企业的全要素生产率（TFP）,考察了制造业集聚与企业TFP的关系。研究发现,制造业集聚程度有逐年提高趋势‘集聚有助于企业全要素生产率的提高;集聚与生产率之间呈现“倒U型”演化关系。此外,由于中国制造业集聚程度仍然处于较低阶段,相对于低集聚度的行业而言,更高的集聚程度对企业生产率的贡献明显更高,这也为调整制造业产业集群发展政策提供了更多操作空间。     

A simplified algebraic method for system of linear inequalities with LP applications

In this pedagogical note we present an improved method to solve and analyze linear programming (LP) problems. The method depends on solving a system of equations and is free of any slack, surplus or artificial variables. The proposed method eliminates the need to manipulate linear inequalities to introduce additional variables and works only within the original decision variables space. We present applications of the method to handle linear optimization with varying objective function. The proposed method is easy to implement and enhances understanding of the simplex method and LP solvers transparent. We believe it is a useful alternative approach to present LP in the class room during the first few hours of introducing the subject.     

物流服务供应商的选择决策问题

物流服务供应链是以集成物流服务供应商为核心企业的新型供应链,它的作用是为物流需求方提供全方位的物流服务。集成物流服务供应商最明显的特征是通过业务转包的形式选择合适的功能型物流企业来为物流需求方服务。笔者采用模糊层次分析法(AHP)和线性规划法(LP)相结合的方法,结合实例探讨了供应商选择决策问题和最优采购量的分配问题。