阿拉伯国家艾滋病问题现状综述

本文概述了阿拉伯国家艾滋病问题的现状，分析了阿拉伯国家自身的文化、社会结构特点与艾滋病传播的关系，指出艾滋病已成为当今阿拉伯各国不可忽视的重要问题，同时也对阿拉伯国家防治艾滋病的前景做出了较乐观的估计。     

藏语白色颜色词的文化内涵

藏民族在审美心理中把“白色”视为洁净、诚挚、正直、高尚、忠诚、磊落品德的象征和寄托，体现了藏民族独特的思维方式和文化模式。     

Multicultural considerations in the application of child protection laws

Professionals exercise a great deal of discretion in the application of mandatory reporting laws and child welfare laws. This paper examines the subjective factors that influence the decisionmaking process from labeling an incident as possible abuse or neglect through the disposition stage. Multicultural issues that affect each stage of the process are discussed. Areas of disparate treatment of minorities are considered. Disparate treatment stems from biased and unequal application of the laws in some cases, or when standards are applied and interventions made that are insensitive to the cultural context of the family. Potential consequences of failing to consider culture in applying child protection laws are biased reporting, errors in assessing perceived risk, ineffective interventions, and increased out- of- home placements. The need for a culturally sensitive approach to assessment and intervention is emphasized. Areas for future research are recommended.     

模糊一致关系及其应用

提出了一种满足中分传递性的模糊一致关系，从而符合人们决策思维的心理特性。当论域是有限的时候，模糊一致关系可以用模糊一致矩阵来表示。讨论了模糊一致关系的合成运算以及模糊一致关系的建立方法，并简要说明了模糊一致关系在系统评价中的应用。     

芦笋糖浆治疗白细胞减少症效果观察

以饮用芦笋糖浆为观察组,饮用市售果汁饮料为对照组,对87例职业性白细胞减少症职工进行疗效观察。结果:观察组服用芦笋糖浆61.9％的人群有效。     

Bayesian robustness in bidimensional models: Prior independence

When θ is a multidimensional parameter, the issue of prior dependence or independence of coordinates is a serious concern. This is especially true in robust Bayesian analysis; Lavine et al. (J. Amer. Statist. Assoc.86, 964–971 (1991)) show that allowing a wide range of prior dependencies among coordinates can result in near vacuous conclusions. It is sometimes possible, however, to make confidently the judgement that the coordinates of θ are independent a priori and, when this can be done, robust Bayesian conclusions improve dramatically. In this paper, it is shown how to incorporate the independence assumption into robust Bayesian analysis involving -contamination and density band classes of priors. Attention is restricted to the case θ = (θ₁, θ₂) for clarity, although the ideas generalize.     

Bribes,power, and managerial control in corporate voting games

Proxy fights have received comparatively little attention relative to the more popular methods for corporate control transfer: merger and tender offers. This paper presents an analytic model of the proxy contest as a cooperative game with four players: management, passive shareholders, insurgent shareholders and a trust fund. The power of the players and the effectiveness of certain managerial actions is discussed.     

学业自我概念的建构研究述评

学业自我概念是指个体在学业情境中形成的对自己在学业发展方面的比较稳定的认知、体验和评价。学业自我概念的建构一直是研究者广泛关注的一个重要研究方向。目前,交互影响模型、大鱼小池效应、内/外参照模型及其相关整合模型是学业自我概念建构的主要理论模型,揭示了比较方式对学业自我概念建构的重要影响性。在未来的研究中要加强对学业自我概念建构的跨文化研究、加强不同比较方式之间的整合研究、改善学业自我概念的建构研究范式。     

建设婴幼儿友好社区：经验与启示

社区是影响婴幼儿发展及家庭养育的重要外部环境,完善0-3 岁婴幼儿托育服务体系对建设婴幼儿友好社区提出要 求。文章结合国际范围内儿童友好城市和社区建设的经验,从空间环境、服务内容、实施体系三个方面探讨建设婴幼儿友好社 区的基本需求。同时,基于国内已有的儿童友好城市或社区相关政策及现状,提出建设婴幼儿友好社区的三点建议：国家政策 引领,完善相关制度及规范;城市因地制宜,提升儿童友好意识;社区普惠亲子,善用内外资源;以期通过多方协作促进更多婴 幼儿友好社区在我国顺利落地。     

0-3 岁托育需求影响因素研究：基于对市场与政府的期望

2016年的全面二孩政策实施效果不及预期,我国的低生育水平难以改善。生育率的高低与生育意愿息息相关,随着三孩政策的出台,幼儿的托育困境作为制约广大群众生育意愿的重要因素亟需得到关注。运用武汉市3岁以下婴幼儿父母问卷调查数据,构建二元Logit模型研究群众因素、市场因素和政府因素与家庭托育需求之间的关系。研究发现:家庭结构、家庭收入、孩子年龄、影响工作程度,母亲受教育程度,托育市场的经济性、便利性和质量以及政府的政策支持会显著影响家庭的托育需求。基于实证结果,提出政策建议:推动托育服务供给主体多元化,促进托育服务规范化发展,发展普惠性公共托育服务,提升托育服务便利性,增强家庭抚育能力。