朱珔《说文假借义证》假借研究

清代学者朱珔所撰《说文假借义证》是探讨假借问题的文字学专书,在清代六书学研究中有重要地位。以《义证》为研究对象,结合朱之垿所补充《凡例》,对书中假借术语如“通借”“省借”“转借”“异体假借”“形近假借”“不定谁借”“互借”“通用”“两借、连借”等进行分析,以此推断朱氏所用术语的内涵。在假借观上,朱氏确立“以义正字”的假借原则,强调“义证”的作用;认为假借是用字之法,必有本字;从理论上提出了“非必假借”的分析,匡定假借字的范围;但在某些假借问题上,将假借与引申混为一谈。     

“泛阿拉伯主义”在美国媒体的“帝国”意象

20世纪上半叶,面对阿拉伯人的统一诉求,有相当一部分人通过美国媒体,结合西方世界对伊斯兰教的刻板印象,将“泛阿拉伯主义”附会到中世纪的“阿拉伯帝国”,进而视其为西方文明的对立面。纳赛尔掌权后,美国媒体出于对埃及亲苏外交的敌视,纷纷指责埃及政府试图仰仗苏联支持,建立“阿拉伯帝国”。随着埃及(阿联)与苏联之间矛盾的加剧,美国舆论界仍继续敌视纳赛尔的“泛阿拉伯主义”,认为纳赛尔建立“阿拉伯帝国”的“野心”虽然导致其与苏联的纷争,但仍是西方的威胁。美国人对纳赛尔的敌视,虽然伴有强烈的冷战心态,但他们频繁以“阿拉伯帝国”或“穆斯林帝国”的历史意象,比附纳赛尔的“泛阿拉伯主义”实践,实际上是对“东西对立”叙事模式的延续,反映出西方世界长久以来对“伊斯兰征服”的历史记忆,并连带着对中东地区整合倾向的担忧。     

The Eric Garner Case: Statewide Survey of New York Voters’ Response to Proposed Police Accountability Legislation

The Eric Garner case was unique because this police-induced death was caught on video from before the moment of physical confrontation. A mixed-methods representative household survey and Garner's arrest video were used to determine NYS voters’ opinions (n = 119) about police indictment and Governor Cuomo's request for expanded authority. Respondents were asked whether the officers should face indictment, shown the arrest video, and then asked again about indictment. Prior to the video, a majority of respondents (n = 86; 57.4%) believed involved officers should have been indicted. After viewing, the proportion increased by 13.7%. A majority supported Cuomo's call for expanded authority to appoint a special prosecutor in cases where police are involved in civilian deaths. Study limitations include prior exposure to the footage and a low response rate. NYS voters generally supported Cuomo's proposal for appointing a special prosecutor; however, a quarter of respondents disagreed with the method of reform and expressed a: 1) preference for every case to go to trial; 2) preference for a case-by-case basis; or 3) distrust in state-appointed special prosecutors. This research could inform discussions regarding proposed system reforms. Future research with a less well-circulated video is needed to determine the extent to which videos of police-induced deaths affect public opinion.     

国内近十年“动物隐喻”研究综述

近年来,国内外关于隐喻的研究逐渐增多,尤其是＂动物隐喻＂的研究引起了学者的广泛兴趣。不过,国内＂动物隐喻＂的研究多囿于个案分析,缺乏实证性研究和综述性分析。基于以上背景,本文选取近十年来刊登在CNKI上的相关文章进行总结,就＂动物隐喻＂的研究对象、研究方法、理论基础和文化归因进行探讨。研究发现：国内的相关研究在研究对象、研究方式和理论背景等方面存在不足,后期的研究应该致力于跨学科视域下的综合性分析,实现研究方法的突破,并应对已有的研究进行反思和归纳。     

《淮南子》人性观新探

《淮南子》人性观包括自然的人性和社会的民性。民性善使哲学层面的人性理论和现实社会联系起来,为理论向政策实践的转化作了铺垫。《淮南子》又提出“节欲”“反性”说,完善其关于人性的理论,为其治国理论服务。《淮南子》人性观在现代社会仍有着积极的启示作用。     

环境“二维化”视角下的居民幸福感量化研究：来自中国CGSS数据的新证据

幸福不仅是影响人们行为的重要因素,更是人们生活追求的最终目标。本文基于中国综合社会调查（CGSS）数据,创新性地从环境“二维化”这一研究视角,将环境因素划分为两个维度,即客观存在的环境污染因素与居民主观的环境行为,采用优化的两阶段有序Probit回归模型,沿着“客观存在的环境污染因素——居民幸福感”和“居民幸福感——居民主观的环境行为”两条研究思路展开实证分析,在实证过程中引入控制变量及工具变量,同时对经济因素及地区因素可能导致的组群差异进行考量和比较。结果显示,无论是环境污染对居民幸福感,还是居民幸福感对居民环境行为,其影响均是显著的,且具有异质性;环境污染通过影响居民的身体健康、生活质量和社会活动对居民幸福感产生影响,而居民环境行为则因个体收入和居民幸福感程度的不同产生差异。本文对环境与居民幸福感之间的作用机制展开深入分析,为政府出台环境政策的制定、提升居民幸福感及居民环境行为贡献度奠定理论基础。     

How social movements survive: the Treatment Action Campaign and the South African state, 2009–2016

This paper seeks to explain the survival of the Treatment Action Campaign (TAC) and to identify lessons it may offer on how social movements may resist demobilisation. It considers the role the TAC plays in the creation of social accountability dynamics around primary health care but with broader implications for strengthening rights-based notions of citizenship. The paper examines the TAC’s relative success in democratising public health care provision and explores shifts in the relationship between this social movement organisation and the South African state.     

More coverage is less confidence? Media portrayal of “one country,two systems” in Hong Kong

This article tracks the trend of Hong Kong people’s confidence in the idea of “one country, two systems” and identifies various factors affecting its level. It also examines newspaper coverage of “one country, two systems” over the past 20 years and how it is related to people’s confidence level. Five variables, namely trust in the SAR government, the government’s performance, societal appraisal, press freedom, and confidence in China’s and Hong Kong’ s future are found to be related to people’s confidence in and newspapers’ coverage of “one country, two systems.” Newspapers have used various approaches to frame the situation over the past two decades. When there was more news coverage, there seemed to be less confidence. The oxymoronic nature of “one country, two systems” is explicated in the context of Hong Kong.     

人本价值思维方式与科学发展观

“以人为本”是科学发展观最核心的价值取向。要将科学发展观真正落到实处,必须确立“人本”的价值思维方式。“自然界是人的无机身体”,“人是类存在物”,人与自然的和谐、人与人的和谐等,是“人本”价值思维方式的最重要的双向逻辑展开。确立“人民群众是历史的创造者”的理论观念,加强人文精神的培养和淬炼,坚持“人天一体”的生态思想,形成“生人自生”的“类”生存意识,是“人本”价值思维方式形成的重要要素。     

“举刺予夺”：明季野史笔记的重要特征

明季野史笔记表现出“举刺予夺”的重要特征。政治腐败、社会险恶是其社会土壤;官史失修、史官失职是其史学动因;存史意识、立言情结是其心理基础。这种史学风格自明中叶开始兴盛,明清鼎革之际达到颠峰,入清后逐渐跌入低谷。“举刺予夺”具有强烈的现实性和批判性品格。这一特征延续宋代以来注重褒贬的史学风气,一方面有利于史家主体意识的彰显,另一方面也助长了驰骋议论的空疏之风。明季“举刺予夺”之风纵然炽烈,也未能挣脱桎梏,反映出中国史学中保守因素的难以抗拒性。