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31.
Katharine G. Abraham 《Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv》2005,89(2):121-139
Summary: The paper illustrates the value of broad researcher access to survey and administrative microdata using examples drawn from
the U. S. experience, outlining how analyses of trends in earnings inequality, poverty and employment dynamics using such
data have benefited policy makers and contributed to improvements in statistical agency data products. Methods of facilitating
researcher access, including the release of public use files, the use of licensing agreements, and the establishment of research
data centers, are discussed.
* The author thanks Anne Polivka, Marilyn Seastrom and two anonymous referees for helpful comments on an earlier draft of
the paper. 相似文献
32.
“The Motherhood Wage Gap for Women in the United States: The Importance of College and Fertility Delay” 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Catalina?Amuedo-DorantesEmail author Jean?Kimmel 《Review of Economics of the Household》2005,3(1):17-48
One of the stylized facts from the past 30 years has been the declining rate of first births before age 30 for all women and the increase rate of first births after age 30 among women with four-year college degrees (Steven P. Martin, Demography, 37(4), 523013;533, 2000). What are some of the factors behind women03k370/xxlarge8217.gif" alt="rsquo" align="BASELINE" BORDER="0">s decision to postpone their childbearing? We hypothesize that the wage difference often observed between like-educated mothers and non-mothers (Jane Waldfogel, Journal of Labor Economics, 16, 505013;545, 1998a; Journal of Economic Perspectives 12(1) 137013;156, 1998b) may be affected by the postponement of childbearing until after careers are fully established. Hence, we focus on college-educated women because they are typically more career-oriented than their non-college educated counterparts and also the group most often observed postponing maternity. We use individual-level data on women from the 1979 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) in order to control for individual-level unobserved heterogeneity as well as human capital characteristics, such as actual work experience, in our empirical analysis. We estimate wage equations, first producing base-line results to compare to the existing literature. Then, we expand the basic wage equation model to address fundamental econometric issues and the education/fertility issue at hand. Our empirical findings are two-fold. First, we find that college-educated mothers do not experience a motherhood wage penalty at all. In fact, they enjoy a wage boost when compared to college-educated childless women. Second, fertility delay enhances this wage boost even further. Our results provide an explanation for the observed postponement of maternity for educated women. We argue that the wage boost experienced by college-educated mothers may be the result of their search for family013;friendly work environments, which, in turn, yields job matches with more female-friendly firms offering greater opportunities for advancement.JEL Codes: J13 and J3 相似文献
33.
Previous research finds a positive relationship between a wife’s education and her husband’s earnings using data from the 1960s. Earlier theories suggest that benefits accrue from informational sharing between partners in a marriage. This paper tests the hypothesis that a wife’s education is positively associated with her husband’s earnings, using data from the 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000 Censuses. Between 1960 and 2000, the educational attainment and labor-force participation of married women has increased dramatically. As women have embarked upon their own careers, has their education continued to be positively associated with their husbands’ earnings? Yes. The coefficient of the wife’s education remains positive and significant for all the years under study. The size of the coefficient decreases, however, from 1960 to 2000. 相似文献
34.
采用问卷法,面向全省范围内的幼儿园及0-3岁婴幼儿家长进行问卷调研,了解已开展过0-3岁早期教育服务指导的幼儿园基本现状,以及幼儿园对于开展0-3岁早期教育服务指导的总体意愿;了解家长在0-3岁早期教育方面的需求及现状。调查分析发现,幼儿园超半数有开展0-3岁早期教育服务指导工作的意愿;幼儿园受家长认可、最突出的优势是“办园规范,值得信赖”;服务指导最主要形式为亲子活动和托班;政策、师资、资金是所需的主要支持。据此建议应及早出台相关具体政策规范幼儿园开展0-3岁早期教育指导服务,幼儿园也应从师资、形式、内容、场地、时间等方面提升专业性、兼顾灵活性以满足家长需求,幼儿园开展0-3岁早期教育指导服务应在先总结典型经验的基础上逐步推广。 相似文献
35.
Jiří Anděl 《统计学通讯:理论与方法》2013,42(17):3191-3201
We deal with sequences of dependent Bernoulli variables with non positive correlations. Some special models for 1-dependent and 2-dependent 0–1 valued variables are analyzed, namely Bernoulli variables obtained by clipping a linear combination of iid variables. Formulas describing dependence of their correlation function on the clipping parameters are derived. The lower bound for the sum of autocorrelations of Bernoulli variables obtained by clipping a Gaussian process is provided. 相似文献
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A queuing system with two incongruent arrivals and services is considered. Two kinds of customers enter the system by Poisson process and the service times are assumed to have general distribution. After first kind service completion, it may feedback to repeat the first service, leave the system or go to give second service. The same policy is applied for the other kind of customer. All stochastic processes involved in this system are independent. We derive the probability generating function for each kind and for the system that yield the performance measures. Some numerical approaches examined the validity of the results. 相似文献
40.
Min-Hsiao Tsai 《Journal of statistical planning and inference》2011,141(5):1958-1967
In this paper, we consider the problem of model robust design for simultaneous parameter estimation among a class of polynomial regression models with degree up to k. A generalized D-optimality criterion, the Ψα‐optimality criterion, first introduced by Läuter (1974) is considered for this problem. By applying the theory of canonical moments and the technique of maximin principle, we derive a model robust optimal design in the sense of having highest minimum Ψα‐efficiency. Numerical comparison indicates that the proposed design has remarkable performance for parameter estimation in all of the considered rival models. 相似文献