Girls’ Jobs for the Boys? Men,Masculinity and Non‐Traditional Occupations

Occupational segregation by sex remains the most pervasive aspect of the labour market. In the past, most research on this topic has concentrated on explanations of women’s segregation into low paid and low status occupations, or investigations of women who have crossed gender boundaries into men’s jobs, and the potential impact on them and the occupations. In contrast, this article reports on a small‐scale, qualitative study of ten men who have crossed into what are generally defined as ‘women’s jobs’. In doing so, one of the impacts on them has been that they have experienced challenges to their masculine identity from various sources and in a variety of ways. The men’s reactions to these challenges, and their strategies for developing and accommodating their masculinity in light of these challenges, are illuminating. They either attempted to maintain a traditional masculinity by distancing themselves from female colleagues, and/or partially (re)constructed a different masculinity by identifying with their non‐traditional occupations. This they did as often as they deemed necessary as a response to different forms of challenge to their gender identities from both men and women. Finally, the article argues that these responses work to maintain the men as the dominant gender, even in these traditionally defined ‘women’s jobs’.     

企业现行分配制度的问题及改革

文章指出了企业现行分配制度存在的问题,阐述了岗效工资的运行机制,提出了岗效工资是企业分配制度改革的方向。     

A regression-based smoothing spline Monte Carlo algorithm for pricing American options in discrete time

American options in discrete time can be priced by solving optimal stopping problems. This can be done by computing so-called continuation values, which we represent as regression functions defined recursively by using the continuation values of the next time step. We use Monte Carlo to generate data, and then we apply smoothing spline regression estimates to estimate the continuation values from these data. All parameters of the estimate are chosen data dependent. We present results concerning consistency and the estimates’ rate of convergence.     

耶稣是如何走向十字架的——与周楠本先生商榷

周楠本认为鲁迅在《复仇（其二）》中引用耶稣受难的故事“未能反映犹太历史的真实”，其实，鲁迅的引述基本符合福音书的记载。周文用阶级论解读四福音书中的耶稣，既不符合耶稣时代犹太社会的政治形态，也曲解了耶稣的思想和行为。《圣经》是建立在有神论根基之上的。在福音书里，耶稣自始至终是作为有神性的人子被记录的。若依照福音书为史料，对耶稣作正面论述，则须放在神学语境里才能进行，而不能纳入阶级对抗政治变革的话语系统。     

入世对中国传统文化的冲击与对策

如今中国加入世贸组织 ,中外文化在一种更加复杂和多元化的时代更深入地“亲密接触”已是有目共睹的事实 ,不同文化之间的相互影响、渗透甚至融合十分必要。因此 ,入世后中国传统文化究竟如何实现面向世界、面向未来、面向现代化的转变是我们急待解决的问题。解决这个问题的最佳解决方案是既应中西融会 ,但更要立足本土。     

网络环境下的研究性学习

利用网络开展研究性学习具有很大的优势,探讨网络研究性学习能力的培养、组织与实施,以及网络研究性学习的评价对提高学生的综合素质有重要作用。     

基于成本方法的中国人力资本估算

针对目前部分学者应用永续盘存法来估算人力资本存量忽略了折旧和价格的问题，采集和并估算了中国1952-2003年间的人力资本形成量序列数据，并与物质资本形成流量进行比较。估算方法倾向于低估人力资本投资流量，这种低估在前期误差较小，在近期误差较大，且有上升趋势。但就纳入估算的内容和时期来看，较中国已有的成本法估算有较大的扩展，而且其估计有一定的可靠性，可以将此作为今后进一步估算的基准。     

STTEPping in the right direction? Western classical music in an orchestral programme for disadvantaged African youth

This article looks at STTEP, an outreach project currently housed at the University of Pretoria, which concentrates on the teaching of western orchestral instruments, plus background areas such as music theory, to disadvantaged children and youth from a variety of townships around Pretoria, South Africa. STTEP’s direction can well be described as ‘right’ – pupils are already surrounded by all kinds of global phenomena, and their formal music studies in western classical music are not making them forget their roots. In fact, the contrary has been found to be the case and some interesting cultural fusions are already seen – always a sign of a living culture.     

An alternative to model selection in ordinary regression

The weaknesses of established model selection procedures based on hypothesis testing and similar criteria are discussed and an alternative based on synthetic (composite) estimation is proposed. It is developed for the problem of prediction in ordinary regression and its properties are explored by simulations for the simple regression. Extensions to a general setting are described and an example with multiple regression is analysed. Arguments are presented against using a selected model for any inferences.     

Model diagnostics for smoothing spline ANOVA models

The author proposes some simple diagnostics for assessing the necessity of selected terms in smoothing spline ANOVA models. The elimination of practically insignificant terms generally enhances the interpretability of the estimates and sometimes may also have inferential implications. The diagnostics are derived from Kullback‐Leibler geometry and are illustrated in the settings of regression, probability density estimation, and hazard rate estimation.