Systems innovation manager

Each year organizations spend a significant amount of money developing new products and processes in an effort to satisfy customer demands and manufacture high-quality products efficiently. Both development processes - product and process, are complex, resource intensive and thrive on innovation. They demand a variety of skills and resources, but in particular, participation among all staff in generating ideas, managing projects and implementing change. There are currently a number of software tools and methods that facilitate change in a systems environment. These range from complex modelling tools to information management tools. The tools have been developed around paradigms, e.g. world class manufacturing, total quality management and business process reengineering. They are often complex, requiring the efforts of skilled designers and managers. Current thinking within a systems environment reflects a more participative and less specialist approach to managing innovation and change. There is a need to create compromise between detailed project engineering and good management practice. This paper introduces a new paradigm centred on good management practice, and identifies the critical issues in systems innovation and change. The paradigm is articulated through a series of change levers and a methodology that guides managers and designers. It is supported by a series of software tools that together bring innovation management to life within the industrial organization.     

社会文化理论与语用习得理论框架的构建

基于社会文化理论在二语习得以及语用习得领域的研究状况，从中找出社会文化理论与语用习得的契合点，进而尝试建立一个理论模式，以便在语言实践活动中得到有效应用。该模式包括三个模块：语用习得的活动理念、语用习得的活动形式和语用习得的内化。     

必然、实然与应然：高校法律援助机构服务社会研究

高校法律援助机构的建立缓解了法律援助供需矛盾,但其发展过程中存在诸多亟待解决的问题,如自身管理混乱、经费不足、当事人不信任等。在分析了高校法律援助机构要服务于社会的必要性和可行性的基础上,通过对高校法律援助机构现状及弊端的研究,提出要加强高校法律援助机构服务社会的具体措施,包括完善相关立法、引进实习律师或高年级取得律师职业资格证的学生、规范其设立程序、确立双层管理体制及与社会组织合作等,以建立服务社会型高校法律援助机构。     

“麦克米伦缺口”分析及中国式治理

中小企业有效融资是世界性难题,全球范围内＂麦克米伦缺口＂依然十分突出。在中国,＂麦克米伦缺口＂有着不同于其他国家和地区的特征和成因,因此也产生了针对这些特殊性的中国式治理。虽然目前的各种治理方法还略微粗糙,却有效地缓解了困扰已久的中小企业融资窘境。随着治理＂麦克米伦缺口＂各种探索的持续深入,中国金融界在不久的将来或许就能全面破解这一世界性的难题。     

Inventory model for convertible item with deterioration

Abstract

In this article, we developed a model for a convertible item (or product) where initial form of the item converts into another product by consuming conversion cost and time both. After duration, it converts again into a new product of a different nature. It is a sequential-type conversion from initial into two other products over states. The demand pattern and deterioration rate differ at each converted state. An inventory model is developed for such a kind of sequential convertible item. Expressions for total cost and other related costs (as per states) are derived and optimal time to convert the product in different states are calculated under model assumptions. A numerical example is incorporated in support of the theoretical findings and it validates the strength of the model.     

Revisiting management innovation and change programmes: strategic vision or tunnel vision?

The information systems (IS) and management literature, broadly conceived, is replete with management innovation and change programmes. All are designed to enhance business performance and competitive advantage. This paper examines five approaches which have been developed in the post-war period to improve business performance. They are Total Quality Management (TQM), Just-In-Time production management (JIT), Activity Based Costing (ABC), Business Process Re-engineering (BPR), and Process Innovation. By comparing and contrasting these approaches, it is found that considerable overlap exists in their scope, style, content, aims and objectives. In view of this, the paper argues that instead of re-inventing the wheel every few years with a new management innovation and change panacea or fad, a broader, inter-disciplinary perspective should be adopted which seeks to understand the wider ideological, historical and empirical perspective which underpins these ideas. This is instead of the tunnel vision approach which seeks only to place these ideas in a narrow organisational or managerial context.     

高危弱势群体的社区照管：理论与经验

对弱势群体的关注是和谐社会建设的重要主题。而高危弱势群体,包括药物滥用者、刑释解教人员、"三失"青少年等,因其特殊性和复杂性,更值得社会各界关注。本文在梳理国内外社区照顾理论及概括上海预防犯罪工作体系建设经验基础上,认为上海针对高危弱势群体的社会工作处遇方式,实质上是在探索和构建一种新的社区照顾模式。总结和概括上海针对高危弱势群体的社区照管经验,对于全国其他城市构建和谐社区乃至和谐社会有重要参考和借鉴价值,对于社会体制改革也具有重要示范意义。     

国有企业如何建立全面社会责任管理体系

2008年国资委1号文《关于中央企业履行社会责任的指导意见》出台，标志着国有企业社会责任运动从“解释问题”向“解决问题”阶段转变，国有企业大多认识到履行社会责任的必要性和重要性，但如何引进和推广社会责任理念，并与企业经营的全面融合，是国有企业社会责任实践所面临的新挑战。文章依据Waddock的全面责任管理理论，提出了国有企业建立全面社会责任管理体系的阶段性步骤和相应建议。     

Nondestructive creation: Entrepreneurship and management research in the study of growth

Economists’ focus on institutions in explaining economic growth, while important, can obscure the significant role played by individual entrepreneurs and the process of entrepreneurship. The prevailing view of entrepreneurship in economics (which continues to shape prevailing public policies) centers on Schumpeter's famous concept of “creative destruction.” In the context of sustained high levels of economic growth, as in the recent American experience, I focus on a different feature of entrepreneurship—“nondestructive creation,” in which the uncoordinated contest of ideas and search for new applications of existing ideas generate growth. And this nondestructive creation should be analyzed and can be fostered.     

Employee stress litigation: The UK experience

This paper considers the extent to which stress-induced illness can be regarded as a personal injury that could give rise to civil action for damages against employers in the UK. It outlines the results of a brief survey of personal injury solicitors, which indicates that claims are already being initiated by employees who allege they have suffered a stress-induced illness. The potential for claims within industrial tribunal cases that have already been decided is also examined. Consideration is given to the hurdles that litigants will have to surmount, such as proving that their condition was in fact caused by some feature of their working conditions, showing that it was foreseeable that they would suffer a stress-based injury, and demonstrating that their employer was in some way at fault. This leads to a questioning of what employers can do to protect themselves from such claims, or at least defend them successfully. The paper points out that success is likely to depend heavily upon the quality of expert medical opinion, and also upon policy conditions that may influence those adjudicating on such cases. It is concluded that the cost of losing claims may be significant, and that employees who ignore the warning signs do so at their peril.