A new generation of process capability indices based on fuzzy measurements

Process capability indices (PCIs) provide numerical measures on whether a process conforms to the defined manufacturing capability prerequisite. These have been successfully applied by companies to compete with and to lead high-profit markets by evaluating the quality and productivity performance. The PCI C_p compares the output of a process to the specification limits (SLs) by forming the ratio of the width between the process SLs with the width of the natural tolerance limits which is measured by six process standard deviation units. As another common PCI, C_pm incorporates two variation components which are variation to the process mean and deviation of the process mean from the target. A meaningful generalized version of above PCIs is introduced in this paper which is able to handle in a fuzzy environment. These generalized PCIs are able to measure the capability of a fuzzy-valued process in producing products on the basis of a fuzzy quality. Fast computing formulas for the generalized PCIs are computed for normal and symmetric triangular fuzzy observations, where the fuzzy quality is defined by linear and exponential fuzzy SLs. A practical example is presented to show the performance of proposed indices.     

Supplier Evaluation and Selection Based on Stochastic Dominance: A Quality-Based Approach

Quality has become a major business strategy such that organizations with successful improvement of their products quality can gain productivity, enhance market penetration, achieve great profitability, and strongly sustain their competitive advantages. The quality of materials received from suppliers determines not only the quality of assembled products but also satisfaction and loyalty of downstream customers. In this article, we employ decision-making processes of the stochastic dominance on the basis of loss-based capability indices to compare certain potential suppliers. In view of compared results of the first-order and second-order stochastic dominances, each supplier is categorized as a superior supplier, weakly superior supplier, strongly non dominated supplier, or non dominated supplier. We develop a general computational procedure to select the preferable suppliers in an analytical way. To assist decision-makers in selecting preferable suppliers, quantile-quantile plots of loss-based capability indices presenting the results of the first-order stochastic dominance of the indices’ estimators are developed so that they can simultaneously visualize pair-wise comparisons of the suppliers and make appropriate decisions. Finally, a practical example invoking the stochastic dominance using the loss-based capability indices to carry out the quality-based supplier evaluation and selection is presented to demonstrate the applicability of our proposed methodology.     

On the generalized process capability under simple and mixture models

Process capability (PC) indices measure the ability of a process of interest to meet the desired specifications under certain restrictions. There are a variety of capability indices available in literature for different interest variables such as weights, lengths, thickness, and the life time of items among many others. The goal of this article is to study the generalized capability indices from the Bayesian view point under different symmetric and asymmetric loss functions for the simple and mixture of generalized lifetime models. For our study purposes, we have covered a simple and two component mixture of Maxwell distribution as a special case of the generalized class of models. A comparative discussion of the PC with the mixture models under Laplace and inverse Rayleigh are also included. Bayesian point estimation of maintenance performance of the system is also part of the study (considering the Maxwell failure lifetime model and the repair time model). A real-life example is also included to illustrate the procedural details of the proposed method.     

中国学习者BECAUSE原因状语从句习得初探

原因状语从句是中国学习者在英语写作中常用到的结构。采用语料库研究方法研究中国学习者对because原因状语从句的习得,以中国学习者英语语料库(CLEC)及其各个子库(ST2、ST3、ST4、ST5、ST6)作为研究对象,参照Brown语料库,对各个语料库中由because引导的原因状语从句进行检索—分类标注—分类检索—对比—分析。研究表明由于受到母语负迁移作用的影响,中国学习者将because原因状语从句置于主句之前的比率高于以英语为母语的使用者,初步验证了随着学习者习得水平的提高,将because原因状语从句置于主句之前的情况越少,出现because与so连用表达因果关系之类的言语失误率也越低。     

应用全面创新管理提高中小型企业创新能力研究

在全球抗争危机中创新型企业(包括中小型企业)表现出了其独赋的优势,而中小型企业在其转型和升级中也需要借助全面创新管理提升其创新能力.本文首先探讨了什么是创新型企业;继而讨论了如何走向创新型企业及其三个阶段:"二次创新--组合创新--全面创新";紧接着对全面创新管理的内涵、特征做了较详讨论.然后对本专辑的论文安排结构作了简要介绍.     

全员创新提升创新能力研究

基于对国内外全员创新实践的回顾以及前人的研究,本文提出了支撑全员创新的全要素创新的概念模型,并通过大样本问卷分析,揭示了全员创新实施所缺失的创新要素:创新文化、信息系统和组织结构扁平化.针对这三种创新要素的缺失,本文提出了相应的对策,同时,结合国内外大企业全员创新的成功经验,提出了中小企业实施全员创新的参考性建议.     

构建“一体三桥”学习模式,探索素质培养途径

构建＂一体三桥＂学习模式目的是：探讨怎样把知识积累与能力培养过程视为一个整体,在这个过程中如何架设好基础课、专业基础课、专业理论课和专业实践课四大类课程之间＂三座桥梁＂,促进大学生知识与能力协调发展,培养高素质人才的有效途径。     

论农民的组织能力和合作能力

市场经济的深入发展,既给农民的发展带来了机遇,也带来了现实的挑战。无论是抓住机遇,还是应付挑战都要求农民发挥集体的力量,而有效发挥集体的力量,则要求农民组织起来进行合作,从而提高应对风险能力。组织和合作要求农民具有组织能力和合作能力。文章主要探讨以下问题：农民的组织能力和合作能力及二者之间的相互关系,以及如何提高农民的组织能力和合作能力。     

北京市民众关于电信诈骗防御能力研究

2009年,北京市民众遭遇电信诈骗的损失高达3.2亿元。本研究的数据来源于"北京市民众对电信诈骗的防御能力评估调查"。通过研究发现:青年人和中年人,随着年龄的增长,防御能力增强,40～49岁达到顶峰;50岁之后年龄越大,防御能力反而越差。人们的防御能力与受教育程度及收入均成正比。防骗知识与信息的欠缺容易给犯罪分子留下可乘之机。建议有关部门下一步的预防工作重点应放在防骗知识的普及方面,以巩固前期取得的良好成果,使得民众在思想上、知识上都具有抵御诈骗行为的"免疫"能力。     

以数学建模竞赛活动为平台培养大学生的科研能力

提出了如何利用数学建模竞赛活动培养大学生四个方面的科研能力,即搜索和整理资料的能力、运用计算机解决问题的能力、创新能力和论文撰写能力。通过对学生这四个方面的科研能力的培养,提高学生的科学素质。