Women's Changing Attitudes Toward Divorce, 1974–2002: Evidence for an Educational Crossover

This article examines trends in divorce attitudes of young adult women in the United States by educational attainment from 1974 to 2002. Women with 4‐year college degrees, who previously had the most permissive attitudes toward divorce, have become more restrictive in their attitudes toward divorce than high school graduates and women with some college education, whereas women with no high school diplomas have increasingly permissive attitudes toward divorce. We examine this educational crossover in divorce attitudes in the context of variables correlated with women's educational attainment, including family attitudes and religion, income and occupational prestige, and family structure. We conclude that the educational crossover in divorce attitudes is associated most strongly with work and family structure variables.     

The Impact of Items and Anchors on Parent–Child Reports of Problem Behavior

Research has repeatedly demonstrated that parent and child reports of child behavior and emotional functioning often do not agree in terms of symptom severity or even symptom presence. Given the potential clinical impact that discrepant reports may have on the therapeutic process, a significant amount of research has addressed the factors influencing this observed discrepancy. Traditionally, this research has evaluated the impact of demographic factors on mean differences and obtained correlation coefficients between parent and child reports. The current research improves upon previous research in this area in two ways. First, the current research uses parent and child measures with identical rather than similar items as is commonly found in previous research. Second, the current research moves beyond identifying demographic influences on discrepant reports by explaining observed discrepancies in terms of differences in parent and child perceptions of typical child behavior.David Carlston and Benjamin Ogles are affiliated with Department of Psychology, Ohio University, Athens, USA.Funding for this project was provided by the Ohio Department of Mental Health.     

乌鲁木齐县安宁渠镇社会经济变化调查报告

该文通过对乌鲁木齐县安宁渠镇的调查 ,揭示了城镇化进程中所发生的社会经济变化 ,以及这一变化所产生的后果 ;论述了加快安宁渠镇发展急需解决的问题 ,即社会意识整合问题、知识更新问题、基础设施建设问题、体制问题等。     

生物学中的相异构想及转变探讨

研究表明，学生学习科学的过程是一种由前概念向科学概念转变的过程。学生头脑中形成的与科学概念不一致的相异构想是造成学生学习困难的重要原因。本文分析了学生在生物学学习中相异构想的成因及来源，并在此基础上提出了生物学教学中相异构想的转变模式及策略。     

傣族龙图腾文化刍议

“龙”是中华民族文化积淀的重要标志,中国人有龙的子孙之说。相关资料证明,“龙”与傣民族图腾之来由亦有密切联系,通过研究可以揭示出各民族宗教艺术融合中产生的多元化变异的现象。     

土地治权的变动与政权变迁

在传统农耕社会的制度框架中,土地不仅是一种经济学意义上的自然资源,更为重要的是作为一种政治活动的对象而存在。国家以政权的形式赋予土地所有权、土地经营方式以合法性的依据。土地治权与国家政权之间存在着一种内在的张力,土地治权作为国家意志在土地之中的凝结,其变动是对于社会利益的一种强制性的分割,与传统社会的政权变动有着内在性的相关。     

Optimal lot sizing under continuous price decrease

An important characteristic of high-tech industries is decreasing component prices over time. In the personal computer industry, some component prices decline at a rate of 1% per week. This paper develops an inventory model for products experiencing continuous decrease in unit price. We develop an accurate closed-form approximate solution to the model. Our results indicate that declining prices lead to substantial decrease in the optimal cycle time and much frequent ordering. This explains the heavy emphasis on just-in-time inventory management practiced by successful companies in high-tech industries. While previous models attributed the success of just-in-time policies to reduced holding cost and improved quality, under declining prices a substantial source of savings becomes lower costs of raw materials which is significant part of cost in these industries. We illustrate the results of the model with a numerical example and perform sensitivity analysis.     

A Two-dimensional Heat Transfer Model for Atmosphere-land System in the Lake-dominated Alaskan Arctic

1 Introduction Shallow tundra lakes are one of the dominating landscape features in the Alaskan Arctic. They typically cover 20% of the total area of the North Slope of Alaska, and up to about 40% in the coastal plain [1,2]. Many lakes are, in their entirety or in part, shallower than the maximum annual ice thickness, consequently, some ice freezes completely to the lake bottom, nevertheless, large areas of water are deeper than the maximum ice thickness and the ice remains afloat througho…     

服饰时尚中的文化变迁：以牛仔服与唐装为例

牛仔服伴随着改革开放向西方学习的思潮而来,唐装则复兴于繁荣的新世纪之初,本文以“牛仔服”和“唐装”的流行为研究对象,通过探寻其流行原因,来揭示服饰时尚中的文化变迁,并由此展现当今时代多元文化———传统的和现代的、全球的和本土的并存交融的形貌。     

倪瓒逸民遗民心态变化论

本文从对逸民遗民的界定入手,研究了身处元末明初的倪瓒心态及思想的变化,从而廓清了倪瓒在元明易祚之际逸民遗民身份及心理变化。指出倪瓒的这一思想嬗变对于后来明清之际的一些遗民画家对倪瓒传承中的一种文化认同感来说,显得尤为重要。