基于游客认知的城市旅游吸引评价——以大连为例

以大连市为例,通过对旅游者的问卷调查分析,综合运用层次分析法和模糊综合评价法对大连城市旅游吸引做了定性和定量评价分析。结果表明,大连城市旅游吸引的综合评价为"较好",大连市4个方面的城市旅游吸引排序依次为形象吸引,活动及活动设施吸引,接待及服务设施吸引,旅游环境与氛围吸引。模糊综合评价法适用于城市旅游吸引的评价,而且评价结果与现实情况相符。     

中国与西方过程思维中的内在超越性

中国传统的儒释道三个哲学世界观,都是过程思想。宇宙基本的二重性,也很受怀特海的青睐,恰如中国古典哲学中的阴阳概念。亚洲哲学所强调的内在超越性是一种超越经典认知方式的人类经验的内在愿景。对支撑意识的神经生物机制的研究表明,文化的差异可能在特定的大脑激活模式中找到其根源。中国古典哲学多基于直觉性解释,关注"怎样"的问题,主要是由右脑半球主导的。西方哲学则主要涉及左脑半球体现关注"什么"问题的精神活动。可是,在深层意识反思方面,大脑的不平衡并不能阻止我们通过整个大脑的作用,用终极概念来给经验现实一个最终的、纯粹的解释。因而,内在超越性将不再是依赖于文化的,而是东、西方所共有的一种普遍意识。     

政策议程创建的基本类型：内涵、过程与效度的一般分析

根据政策问题提出者的角色、作用以及影响力的不同,政策议程创建活动可以分为内创型、动员型、相融型和外创型四种基本类型。内创型政策议程是一种由政治权威人物主动地体察和认定社会问题,在不经过与体制外行为者互动的情况下直接将特定社会问题纳入决策程序的议程创建活动;动员型政策议程是决策主体借助正式机构的各种资源,在对体制外行为主体进行动员、教育和引导的基础上推动某一社会问题上升为政策问题的议程创建形式;相融型政策议程是一种由体制内、外的政策共同体及其代理人沿着＂内倡＂与＂外推＂两个方向,在有效互动基础上共同推动的议程创建活动;外创型政策议程则是体制外行为主体运用各种力量向决策主体施压,进而推动某一社会问题进入决策议程的创建类型。通过对四种类型政策议程的内涵、过程与效度的比较分析,有助于优化当代中国政策议程创建过程,提高政府决策品质。     

清末上海房客运动与罢市风潮

1910年末至1911年初的请减房租事务所及其影响下的减祖活动，是上海开埠以后第一次有相当影响的房客运动，其参加人员，以小户商民为主体。此次运动无任何政治要求，降低房租是其唯一目的，罢市风潮实属意外。这次运动在学术研究意义上，可视为一种变种的商人运动，但从运动目的及组织来考量，称其为房客运动更为妥当；它与“上海居，大不易”的社会现实密切相关。     

改进模式对比研究

本文从企业竞争优势来源出发,研究企业动态能力的选择和实施问题。对比分析了三种企业普遍采用的改进模式:流程再造、阶段式改进方式以及持续改进模式。着重对容易引起混淆的持续改进和阶段式改进两种模式从指标、组织作用机制、竞争能力构建等方面进行了较为详尽的对比分析,并结合两种改进模式各自的特点,提出了流程化阶段式改进的观点,分析了改进模式的选择如何影响企业长期竞争能力。     

A Nonparametric Shewhart-Type Signed-Rank Control Chart Based on Runs

Measures of distributional symmetry based on quantiles, L-moments, and trimmed L-moments are briefly reviewed, and (asymptotic) sampling properties of commonly used estimators considered. Standard errors are estimated using both analytical and computer-intensive methods. Simulation is used to assess results when sampling from some known distributions; bootstrapping is used on sample data to estimate standard errors, construct confidence intervals, and test a hypothesis of distributional symmetry. Symmetry measures based on 2- or 3-trimmed L-moments have some advantages over other measures in terms of their existence. Their estimators are generally well behaved, even in relatively small samples.     

The political mobilization of corporate directors: socio‐economic correlates of affiliation to European pressure groups

Business has played a central role in the debate over Britain's place in the European Union. This paper examines the socio‐economic characteristics of directors of Britain's largest corporations who affiliated either to Business for Sterling or Britain in Europe. It reports associations between directors' social backgrounds and their probabilities of affiliation. Elite university education, club membership, wealth and multiple directorships were all associated with higher propensities to affiliate. The associations are consistent with the idea that directors' social resources allow them to overcome collective action problems as well as supplying them with the motivations to affiliate. They also indicated that directors form a privileged group in that they have a number of very powerful actors who can take unilateral political actions.     

Process improvement by variance reduction for a single filling operation with rectifying inspection

Recently, there has been a great interest in the economics of quality control. Process mean targeting is one of the quality control problems which has attracted many researchers. Many papers have been written on finding the optimal mean setting of the process, but very few papers have considered the value of variance reduction. In this paper, we consider a single filling operation with rectifying inspection. We study the effect of the variance on the process performance. We analyse the cost saving which results from reduction in the process variance. We also provide a numerical example.     

Comment: Uses of Administrative Records: A Social Security Point of View

Recent evidence indicates that using multiple forward rates sharply predicts future excess returns on U.S. Treasury Bonds, with the R²'s being around 30%. The projection coefficients in these regressions exhibit a distinct pattern that relates to the maturity of the forward rate. These dimensions of the data, in conjunction with the transition dynamics of bond yields, offer a serious challenge to term structure models. In this article we show that a regime-shifting term structure model can empirically account for these challenging data features. Alternative models, such as affine specification, fail to account for these important features. We find that regimes in the model are intimately related to bond risk premia and real business cycles.     

The Theory Circle: A Tool for Learning and for Practice

Social workers have grappled for many years now with the tension between theory and practice. The struggle may be to bridge a perceived gap between the academic knowledge base of social work and the complex realities of practice. Equally, it may be to move from common‐sense interpretations of human need and professional responses, towards a more informed and accountable approach to practice. In recognition of the challenges faced by social work academics, practitioners and students, in relation to applying theory to practice, two of the authors of this paper developed a model, which aimed to facilitate productive discussions between practice teachers and students about the nature of theory and its link to practice. In addition, the model was designed to promote partnership approaches where service users participate fully in identifying their own issues and in shaping the services they receive. This paper describes the model—The Theory Circle—and reflects upon its effectiveness, based on the views of 19 practice teachers from central Scotland. The findings suggest that the pictorial model is one that practice teachers and students find accessible and valuable; it helps them to build a theoretical understanding of service users' situations and to work alongside service users to agree the most appropriate methods of intervention.