文化差异对国际商务谈判的影响及应对策略

探讨文化差异对国际商务谈判中语言沟通、谈判风格、决策方式等的影响,并由此提出一些有效的跨文化谈判的应对策略,以促进谈判的有效进行和高效的商务沟通。     

企业孵化器绩效评价研究综述

国外主要是通过大量调查,对BI运行的效果进行研究。这种研究,取得了大量资料,获得了很多有用信息,便于明确政府的政策效果,明确BI的价值与意义。其不足主要表现在理论研究薄弱和系统研究缺乏。国内有关BI的绩效研究涉及了BI发展的许多问题,范围较宽,得到了许多相关BI绩效评价理论与方法的积累,但由于其延用了西方的理论与方法,因而同样存在经验描述多,理论探索少,缺乏系统的理论支撑及相关的绩效评价方法与指标体系。     

文本类型理论与商务英语翻译

文本类型理论是德国学者赖斯与英国学者纽马克根据语言功能对文本进行功能划分的理论,它为翻译过程提供了具体的、可操作的方法。从文本类型翻译理论入手,概述文本类型理论的翻译指导思想,并通过商务英语文本翻译的实例分析,说明在此理论指导下的商务英语文本翻译所应遵循的翻译原则和策略。     

Practical Maximum Pseudolikelihood for Spatial Point Patterns(with Discussion)

This paper describes a technique for computing approximate maximum pseudolikelihood estimates of the parameters of a spatial point process. The method is an extension of Berman & Turner's (1992) device for maximizing the likelihoods of inhomogeneous spatial Poisson processes. For a very wide class of spatial point process models the likelihood is intractable, while the pseudolikelihood is known explicitly, except for the computation of an integral over the sampling region. Approximation of this integral by a finite sum in a special way yields an approximate pseudolikelihood which is formally equivalent to the (weighted) likelihood of a loglinear model with Poisson responses. This can be maximized using standard statistical software for generalized linear or additive models, provided the conditional intensity of the process takes an 'exponential family' form. Using this approach a wide variety of spatial point process models of Gibbs type can be fitted rapidly, incorporating spatial trends, interaction between points, dependence on spatial covariates, and mark information.     

Differential equation models for statistical functions

Differential equations have been used in statistics to define functions such as probability densities. But the idea of using differential equation formulations of stochastic models has a much wider scope. The author gives several examples, including simultaneous estimation of a regression model and residual density, monotone smoothing, specification of a link function, differential equation models of data, and smoothing over complicated multidimensional domains. This paper aims to stimulate interest in this approach to functional estimation problems, rather than provide carefully worked out methods.     

Bayes linear analysis for graphical models: The geometric approach to local computation and interpretive graphics

This paper concerns the geometric treatment of graphical models using Bayes linear methods. We introduce Bayes linear separation as a second order generalised conditional independence relation, and Bayes linear graphical models are constructed using this property. A system of interpretive and diagnostic shadings are given, which summarise the analysis over the associated moral graph. Principles of local computation are outlined for the graphical models, and an algorithm for implementing such computation over the junction tree is described. The approach is illustrated with two examples. The first concerns sales forecasting using a multivariate dynamic linear model. The second concerns inference for the error variance matrices of the model for sales, and illustrates the generality of our geometric approach by treating the matrices directly as random objects. The examples are implemented using a freely available set of object-oriented programming tools for Bayes linear local computation and graphical diagnostic display.     

关于商业贿赂及其治理的思考

文章从宏观上对商业贿赂及其危害性提出了自己的认识,然后探寻了商业贿赂的成因,并在此基础上提出了治理商业贿赂的思路,即加强法治社会建设、加强信用道德建设、加强国家政权和法治政府建设、加强市场领域的监管体系建设、加强国际刑事司法合作与协助。     

外语教师队伍建设要重视造就学者型教师

外语教师队伍建设要从改变教师的传统教育理念,加强专业理论知识学习,提高教师的反思意识,研究教师的发展模式等方面入手,引导培养青年教师向学者型教师发展。     

Estimation of the parameters of symmetric stable ARMA and ARMA–GARCH models

In this article, we first propose the modified Hannan–Rissanen Method for estimating the parameters of autoregressive moving average (ARMA) process with symmetric stable noise and symmetric stable generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) noise. Next, we propose the modified empirical characteristic function method for the estimation of GARCH parameters with symmetric stable noise. Further, we show the efficiency, accuracy and simplicity of our methods with Monte-Carlo simulation. Finally, we apply our proposed methods to model the financial data.     

共同心智模式与企业管理

文章引入共同心智模式的研究,探索共同心智模式在现代企业管理中的表现形式和作用。提出将共同心智模式引入企业管理的方式包括有效的计划,知识管理,团队构成和交叉培训。