Marginal maximum likelihood estimation methods for the tuning parameters of ridge,power ridge,and generalized ridge regression

This study introduces fast marginal maximum likelihood (MML) algorithms for estimating the tuning (shrinkage) parameter(s) of the ridge and power ridge regression models, and an automatic plug-in MML estimator for the generalized ridge regression model, in a Bayesian framework. These methods are applicable to multicollinear or singular covariate design matrices, including matrices where the number of covariates exceeds the sample size. According to analyses of many real and simulated datasets, these MML-based ridge methods tend to compare favorably to other tuning parameter selection methods, in terms of computation speed, prediction accuracy, and ability to detect relevant covariates.     

Estimation of the average causal effect via multiple propensity score stratification

Suppose we are interested in estimating the average causal effect (ACE) for the population mean from observational study. Because of simplicity and ease of interpretation, stratification by a propensity score (PS) is widely used to adjust for influence of confounding factors in estimation of the ACE. Appropriateness of the estimation by the PS stratification relies on correct specification of the PS. We propose an estimator based on stratification with multiple PS models by clustering techniques instead of model selection. If one of them correctly specifies, the proposed estimator removes bias and thus is more robust than the standard PS stratification.     

苏青都市女性文学的现代分析

苏青是中国现代文学史上一位有着特殊经历而又备受争议的女性作家。本文主要从苏青作品的视野、题材、观点、心理、语言等方面 ,分析了苏青都市女性文学的特点 ,并探讨了苏青都市女性文学的成因及价值     

及物性分析与批评性阅读

及物性系统是批评语言学家经常使用的几个主要的语言学分析工具之一.及物性在批评语言学和文体学中经常被用作有效的分析性工具.本文通过实例分析探讨及物性对批评性阅读尤其是阅读大众媒体语篇的积极作用,旨在增强外语学习者的批评性语言意识,从而提高批评性阅读能力.     

基于DEA的企业供应物流系统效率评价的实例分析

以制造企业为背景,运用数据包络分析方法对制造企业供应物流系统效率评价进行研究。通过实例分析,证实数据包络分析方法对企业物流系统效率评价有着很好的应用价值。     

锦州房价的分析与预测

在问卷调查的基础上,主要运用了对应分析和最优尺度分析等方法,从多方面对锦州市居 民的购房需求做了较详细的统计分析,进而对未来锦州市房价走势作出预测。     

Does IO Economics Really Make the Case for Investments in IT: Comment on West and Courtney

West and Courtney [18] rely on industrial organization economics in general, and the economics of uncertainty in particular, for insights into the benefits of overcoming information constraints through information systems (IS) and improved information technologies (IT). This Comment argues that the IS researcher who looks to the economics of uncertainty to make a case for improved IT will only find support from a selective reading of a constantly expanding literature whose aims and inferences are easily misunderstood.     

A Multivariate Methodology for Simultaneously Capturing and Clustering Judgment Policies

This paper presents a new linear model methodology for clustering judges with homogeneous decision policies and differentiating dimensions which distinguish judgment policies. This linear policy capturing model based on canonical correlation analysis is compared to the standard model based on regression analysis and hierarchical agglomerative clustering. Potential advantages of the new methodology include simultaneous instead of sequential consideration of information in the dependent and independent variable sets, decreased interpretational difficulty in the presence of multicollinearity and/or suppressor/moderator variables, and a more clearly defined solution structure allowing assessment of a judge's relationship to all of the derived, ideal policy types. An application to capturing policies of information systems recruiters responsible for hiring entry-level personnel is used to compare and contrast the two techniques.     

主成分分析法在人口素质评价中的应用——以江苏省为例

借鉴已有研究成果,在构建人口素质指标体系的基础上,应用主成分分析法对江苏省人口素质水平进行计算与评价分析,分析结果显示：江苏省各省辖市人口素质发展状况差异明显,南京高居首位,宿迁处于末位,只有苏南地区高于全省平均水平,苏中、苏北均低于全省平均水平。     

批评话语分析的“社会-认知”取向——以Bush伊拉克战争五周年演讲为例

＂社会-认知＂取向的批评话语分析认为,话语结构与社会结构之间并不存在任何直接的关系,两者的互动需要借助中间的认知层面,只有同时对话语生产和理解的认知过程和社会过程进行分析才能充分揭示话语与权力、意识形态之间复杂而又抽象的关系。本文简要介绍了＂社会-认知＂取向的主要理论基础,并以美国前总统Geroge.W.Bush在伊拉克战争五周年上的演讲为例,探讨该取向的具体分析方法。