南朝宋文帝初年政争与禁卫军权

宋文帝初年政争与禁卫军权有密切关系。宋文帝入主建康的前后,以其藩邸心腹旧臣琅邪王氏王华等为决策咨询机构长官兼任高级禁卫武官。宋文帝与旧辅政大臣徐羡之等人在任命中领军一事上首先发生冲突,宋文帝任命到彦之为中领军,以荆州及南蛮府旧部作为禁卫军之主力。控制宫城禁卫军权并进行了一系列人事调整之后,宋文帝又采取措施消灭了辅政大臣,将朝政决策权和荆州军政大权收归己手。宋文帝拉拢檀道济,将其从旧辅阵营中瓦解出来,使得双方力量对比发生了彻底改变。元嘉三年六月,宋文帝即位后第三次调整高级禁卫武官,以其藩邸幕府首佐、最为倚重的亲信大臣右卫将军王华为中护军,实际掌控了禁卫军权。     

从《南下的坎坷》看顾颉刚和鲁迅的矛盾冲突

如果要选一位鲁迅最恨的人,这个人就应该是顾颉刚。两位学者为什么冲突,主要责任在谁?顾颉刚的女儿顾潮的《南下的坎坷》想把自己的父亲洗刷得干干净净而把鲁迅泼个满身污水,但对其文逐段"考据",发现多有难以周全之处,恰恰破坏了父亲的形象。     

Strategic communication of hope and anger: A case of Duke University's conflict management with multiple publics

This study analyzes, from a conflict perspective, 139 conflict-focused newspaper stories about the 2006 Duke University lacrosse team crisis case. Findings show that media coverage emphasized the University's expression of hope, while highlighting the various publics’ expressions of anger. Duke University employed concession as its primary litigation strategy and adjustment as its primary conflict strategy to communicate with multiple publics. Duke's conflict stances were more accommodative toward internal publics than they were toward external publics.     

20世纪50年代初期中国乡村贯彻《婚姻法》过程中的死亡现象探析

20世纪50年代初期<婚姻法>的颁布实施,基本废除了传统社会中的婚姻陋习,建立了以男女平等、婚姻自由和一夫一妻制为原则的现代婚姻制度.但在这个过程中,也出现了触目惊心的死亡现象.其直接原因主要是婚外性关系和离婚,而对<婚姻法>缺乏正确有效的宣传、基层干部的粗暴干涉和司法部门的敷衍推诿则是更深层的社会因素.从历史的角度看,<婚姻法>实施过程中出现的死亡现象,是乡村社会从传统向现代转变过程中所付出的沉重代价,也是当时社会改革中难以避免的"牺牲".     

论我国农产品质量安全保障机制的构建

农产品质量安全是影响农产品竞争力的一个重要因素,关系到一个产业甚至多个产业的安全,更是关系到国家经济发展、社会和谐稳定的重大问题。坚持以提高农产品质量安全水平为核心,建立权责明晰、运转协调、管理高效的农产品质量安全管理体系,建立"从农田到餐桌"的全程监控机制,健全和完善农产品相关法律,为农产品质量安全提供制度保障;大力发展和培养社会中间层,为农产品质量安全提供组织支撑,充分发挥各种行业协会、社会中间层组织的作用,保证农产品的优质和安全;培育和创新诚信、安全文化,为农产品质量安全提供文化动力。     

The Impact of Training Videos on Attitudes About Parenting After Divorce

Many U.S. states require divorcing parents to take education classes about the impact of divorce on parents and children. As educators, psychiatrists, social workers, and others create these classes, it is important to evaluate what elements of the curriculum are effective in achieving targeted outcomes. Successful Coparenting After Divorce (https://coparenting.fsu.edu) is a free online divorce education course that focuses on issues such as the emotional impact of divorce, conflict reduction, and skills for parental cooperation. The course also includes videos covering topics including examples of negative and positive parental behavior, and testimonials from children. Pilot testing of the videos and the overall course impact with divorcing parents (n = 218) suggested that the videos’ utility were significantly related to the positive change in parents’ perceptions of their relationship with their former spouse, and their child-focused attitudes. Implications for practitioners who design or provide divorce education to parents are discussed.     

Conflict of interest reporting in biomedical journals published in China

This study aimed to investigate the current status and policy of Conflict of interest (COI) reporting in biomedical journals in China. Thirty Chinese-language medical journals and 37 English-language biomedical journals indexed by Journal Citation Reports categories were included into this study. These 67 journals were all published in China. All articles published in the most recent two issues were checked for identifying the disclosure statement in the text or not. Twenty-one of 30 (70%) Chinese-language journals required a disclosure of author’s potential COI. No journals require editors or referees to disclose the conflicts of interest to the readers. In total, 1,212 publications in Chinese-language were evaluated. Only two journals reported COI in their publications. For the 37 English-language journals, 32 (86.5%) required author’s potential COI disclosure, and four of them required only research articles or original articles to disclose COI. A total of 1,170 publications were evaluated. Among them, 50% editorials, 79.3% review articles, and 73.6% original articles reported presence or absence of COI. In our studied journals, the percentage of the policies requiring author COI disclosure is still low. Biomedical journals published in China should enforce COI disclosure policies to authors, editors, and referees.     

Institutional Pathology and the Death of Dan Markingson

In the spring of 2015, 11 years after a mentally ill young man named Dan Markingson stabbed himself to death in an industry-sponsored drug study, officials at the University of Minnesota suspended recruitment of subjects into drug trials in its Department of Psychiatry. University officials agreed to act only after a scathing investigation by Minnesota Office of the Legislative Auditor found damning evidence of coerced recruitment, inadequate clinical care, superficial research oversight, a web of serious, disturbing conflicts of interest, and a pattern of misleading public statements by university officials aimed at deflecting scrutiny. In this article, I examine the larger institutional factors leading up to Markingson’s suicide and prevented corrective action for so long.     

重新解读《婉容词》

本文对《婉容词》重新解读 ,着重分析其中西文化冲突之悲剧意义。同时 ,对中西文化冲突之戏剧性演变 ,作了历史的探索与说明     

Being practical, being safe: doing evaluations in contested spaces

This final article summarizes and synthesizes the full special edition. This volume questioned evaluation as philosophy, enterprise, and practice from the point of view of doing evaluation under conditions of social violence, disruption, and division. In this final article, we clarify the issues and problems which challenge the professional practice of evaluation and propose guiding questions for evaluators designing and doing evaluation in worlds like these. We attend to the consequences for evaluation and evaluator of choosing to inhabit these violent worlds as an evaluator.