我国经济增长影响因素和当前形势分析

本文通过对影响我国经济增长的因素进行了定量分析，以论证我国目前在全球经济危机下所采取的宏观经济政策。社会总需求是影响经济的主要因素，消费和投资是国内需求，出口是国外需求，这三个经济变量都以不同程度地影响经济增长。本文通过数据定量分析了消费（CU）、投资（1）、出口（EX）三个变量对我国GDP的贡献，同时分析了我国目前的经济形势，从而论证我国目前的宏观经济政策并提出建议。     

城乡消费差异的模型解释——城乡消费差异函数的建立及应用

以消费函数为基础,构建了一个同时包括收入差距与收入绝对水平的消费差异函数,并对该函数的基本形式及扩展形式进行了理论分析。最后选择适当的函数形式,基于东三省1983年至2010年有关数据,利用面板协整分析方法,实证研究了城乡消费差异与收入差距及收入水平之间的关系。结果表明,收入差距的缩小及收入水平的提高均有助于缩小城乡消费差异。在实证研究结果的基础上,给出了相应的政策建议。     

CONSUMING WESTERN IMAGE OF WELL-BEING - SHOPPING TOURISM IN SOCIALIST SLOVENIA

The text deals with theoretically and empirically overlooked theme from everyday life in the time of socialism – the shopping tourism. In general, consumption became analytically interesting only lately through cultural studies and consumption in socialism was overlooked due to several ideological, sociological and other prejudices against studying consumption and everyday life in socialism. However,shopping tourism seems to be allembracing and complex phenomenon from everyday life in socialism. It is a complex of numerous practices, used by individuals to improve standard of living (especially a lack of good on the market), with great deal of creativity, manipulation and effort. The analysis is in this context concerned above all with the meanings of shopping tourism, objects of shopping as understood by consumers.     

FAIRY SALES: THE BUDAPEST INTERNATIONAL FAIRS AS VIRTUAL SHOPPING TOURS

Shopping tourism has been a widespread phenomenon since the emergence of the modern consumer culture. It has played a crucial role in the formation and transformation of the structures of wants by constructing and displaying tangible instantiations of cultural otherness. By centring our paper around the concept of ‘virtual shopping tours’ we would like to make sense of the historical and theoretical momentum of shopping tourism in the context of the socialist shortage economies. In post-war Central and Eastern Europe travelling to the West was few people's privilege; nevertheless, almost everybody was interested in, fantasized about, and imitated Western trends. Our attempt is to understand how people sought information and tried to keep up with the Western world in their lifestyles. By ‘virtual shopping’, we mean a sort of quasi-consumption where the choice of goods is shown but not or not immediately available. Visiting international commercial fairs – just as discussing the inaccessible goods seen in Western movies or in expired catalogues of Western department stores – was among the chief occasions for virtual shopping tours. The Budapest International Fairs have been the greatest and most significant fairs in Hungary since the 1890s. Focusing on the post-war period, our paper describes the changing selection of goods, explores the hidden political and cultural functions of the different forms of display, and analyses the attitudes of the various groups of visitors and the meanings they attached to certain products and practices.     

晚清广西城市居民消费探论

城乡居民消费史是广西社会经济史研究中亟待加强的薄弱环节.本文结合晚清广西城市各阶层居民的收入状况,探析晚清广西城市居民消费所呈现的奢侈与清贫层次分化显著,以及西俗化突出的变革趋向.     

我国城乡居民消费状况比较研究：1978-2008

 消费需求是国民经济运行管理中一个很重要的环节,也是当前宏观经济研究领域的关注热点之一。本文以统计资料为依据,采用实证分析方法,从消费倾向、消费支出和消费结构三个方面,研究和比较了1978年改革开放以来我国城乡居民的消费状况;阐述和得出了一些有意义的观点和结论。     

调整政府支出结构 提升居民消费意愿——一个财政政策视角的分析

根据各类政府支出项目的基本功能,可将其划分为公共福利支出和非公共福利支出两大类,在现阶段,政府财政的公共福利支出对居民消费具有互补效应,而非公共福利支出对居民消费具有替代效应,并且前者明显强于后者.为了探析公共福利支出对居民消费具有互补效应的内在原因,我们根据行为经济学的基本理论与方法,假设居民的心理安全是决定其消费行为的重要因素,而公共福利支出又是影响心理安全的重要因素,并通过检验发现,当公共福利支出满足居民心理安全需求的能力下降时,居民的消费增长对收入增长的反应系数显著变小.上述结论的政策含义是,通过对政府支出的内部结构进行调整,即一方面增强公共福利支出的供给力度,以维持居民的心理安全;另一方面适当缩减非公共福利支出中的"臃肿"部分,以达到提升居民消费意愿、刺激居民消费增长的目的.     

Poverty Is Low Consumption and Low Wealth,Not Just Low Income

The purpose of this paper is to suggest an improved measure of financial poverty, based on household consumption and wealth as well as income. Data come from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics Australia (HILDA) Survey, which appears to be the first national socio-economic panel survey to provide longitudinal data on all three measures of household economic well-being. National measures of poverty in Australia and other Western countries are usually based only on low income. But this is conceptually incorrect; the measures lack validity. To be poor is to have a low material standard of living—involuntarily. So measures of poverty should also take account of household consumption and wealth. If a household has an adequate current level of consumption, it should not be classified as poor right now, even if its current income is low. Similarly, if it has substantial wealth (net worth), it should not be viewed as poor because it could draw down on wealth to boost current consumption. The invalidity of income-based measures has long been recognised in principle (Ringen 1987, The possibility of politics. Oxford: Clarendon Press). In practical terms, the problem is to combine measures of wealth and income, and especially consumption, in the same survey. In the 2005 HILDA Survey a battery of household expenditure items was included which, benchmarked against the Australian Bureau of Statistics’ Household Expenditure Survey for 2003–04, appeared to provide valid measurement of 53.4% of total household expenditure. These well measured items correlated 0.76 with total expenditure and, in combination with standard demographic variables, accounted for 78.3% of the variance in the total. This paper uses 2005–06 HILDA data to construct revised measures of financial poverty. The value of these measures for public policy and research purposes is illustrated. In particular, the new measures give much lower estimates of poverty than income-based measures. They can also be used to predict which households are at risk of future poverty.

农民工的生活与消费——对兰州市进城务工人员的调查分析

本文通过对兰州市进城务工人员的抽样调查发现,2006年,兰州市农民工的月平均收入大约为830元;月平均消费总额约占总收入的66．7％,其中用于衣、食、住、行方面的消费占到全部消费额的75.3％,用于文化娱乐方面的消费额约占其总消费支出的10．1％。总体上讲,农民工的消费水平在城市中处比较低的层次。     

商业移民与住屋的炫耀性消费——以瓯江中上游地区为例

商业移民通过模仿当地"可识别性"极高又昂贵的建筑构件形式体现了对本土社会潮流的追随与顺应;并展现了自己的经济优势。在移居地社会里取得经济与人口优势的群体移民住屋有明显的回归原乡家庭结构与伦理空间的特点。商业移民建造的华丽大屋,不仅仅是建造者的炫耀性消费,也为家族的发展赢得了空间。