Comparative Analysis of Distance Education and Classroom-based Formats for a Clinical Social Work Practice Course

A growing body of research suggests that online courses are as effective as face-to-face courses in delivering knowledge-based content. Scant research, however, has been conducted to examine the usefulness of distance education (DE) for teaching clinical coursework. This study compared the outcomes of students who participated in DE sections of a graduate level Social Work Practice with Groups course with students engaged in traditional face-to-face sections of the same course. The DE sections were primarily online and used asynchronistic and synchronistic technology coupled with a few Saturday sessions. Results revealed no significant differences between DE and in-class students in knowledge of leadership skills, group processes and dynamics, or perception of course content and effectiveness. Implications for social work education are discussed.     

顾客导向和创新导向对企业绩效的影响机制研究

在市场导向相关研究的基础上.本文探索了顾客导向(Customer Orientation)以及创新导向(Innovation Orientation)经由组织学习(Organizational Learning)对公司绩效(Firm Performance)的影响.通过对欧洲的390家制造企业的调查.发现顾客导向和创新导向都对组织学习产生正向影响,组织学习提高了公司的新产品绩效(New Product Performance).最终提升了公司绩效.最后,文章讨论了本研究的理论和实践意义,以及未来的研究方向.     

Attachment and leader's development via experiences

Apart from biographies and memoirs of outstanding leaders, studies on the development of leaders in everyday life from childhood to maturity are rare. We propose a developmental model of leaders in which certain variables formed in early childhood are the basic components for leadership development in later life. These are a low level of trait anxiety [Spielberger, C.D. (1972). Conceptual and methodological issues in anxiety research. In C.D. Spielberger (Ed.), Anxiety: Current trends in theory and research. New York: Academic Press, vol. 1] and openness to experiences [Costa, P.T. Jr., & McCrae, R.R. (1992a). Revised NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI-R) and NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources]. We argue that secure attachment style [Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. New York: Basic Books] explains the formation and influence of these basic components, which in turn affect the leader's development through experience in leadership roles. Questionnaires were administered to 286 subjects. The data obtained were analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM).The findings show that trait anxiety and openness to experience affect leaders' development via experiences. Alternative models in which formative variables may affect the magnitude and intensity of leadership experiences are discussed.     

The impact of learning opportunities and decision authority on occupational health

In an investigation of 418 employees in the Norwegian Postal Service, employees with high learning opportunities and high decision authority were found to be better off on psychological functioning, health and organizational outcome variables than employees with low scores on these variables. Decision authority and learning opportunities had specific and independent impact on subjective health, psychological functioning, coping style and organizational outcome variables. There were, however, also interaction effects between demands, learning opportunities, and decision authority on subjective health. Learning opportunities and decision authority were operationalized with a questionnaire, supplemented with questions on the opportunities to learn skills beyond the present job situation. It is suggested that this is a particularly important dimension for coping with the present day rapid changes in working life, where the objective for many workers will be to broaden their repertoire and competence to increase their flexibility in the labour market.     

消费者低碳消费行为的心理归因和政策干预路径:一个基于扎根理论的探索性研究

引导消费者的生活方式和消费模式转向低能耗、低污染、低排放的方向是当前一个重大课题。然而,消费者为什么会实行低碳消费行为模式(即低碳消费行为归自何种心理)?如何促进和引导消费者的低碳消费行为(即低碳消费行为如何才能持续)?对于这两个关键性问题目前还缺乏深度的研究。本文通过深度访谈,应用扎根理论这一探索性技术探究低碳消费行为的深层次心理归因(解决第一个问题)及相应的政策干预路径(解决第二个问题)。研究发现,个体心理意识、社会参照规范两个主范畴是低碳消费行为的内部和社会心理归因。但它们对于低碳消费行为的促成机理并不一致:个体提高心理意识产生相应的低碳消费行为,这归于认知性学习范畴;个体观察参照群体的消费模式及其结果产生特定的低碳消费行为,这归于观察性学习范畴。不同心理控制源的个体(内控型还是外控型)之间也存在一定的差异。低碳传播沟通和情境结构变革两个主范畴是低碳消费行为的政策干预变量,且它们是相互补充、相互配合的。通过传播沟通影响个体心理意识、社会参照规范,通过情境结构变革影响低碳消费行为的成本收益结构成为主要的政策干预路径。这些研究结论可以为政府制定有效的干预政策,为引导消费者的消费行为模式提供理论基础和政策借鉴...     

重视健康教育 改革体育教学

加强高校大学生健康教育,必须加强体育课程建设,提高教师健康教育素质,建立大学生体质监控机制,实施大学生素质教育.     

论美术教育中的培养自信与张扬个性

“教无定法”,新课改实施过程中,教师是课改实践者,又是课改主体。树立以学生为本的课程观,根据教材不同的内容,采取不同的教法,体现其灵活性、多样性、过程性和实践性,建立学生自信。“学无定法”,培养美术课的开放性、选择性、自主性,张扬学生个性。     

论农民专业合作社产生的基础和条件

农民专业合作社是一种新型的合作社，有利于提高农民组织化程度，降低制度成本，提升农业综合效益，保护农民利益。但是，农民专业合作社不可能在分散的小农生产基础上自发产生，而是需要一系列的条件。专业化的社区合作是农民专业合作社形成的基础，而专业化生产、合作者之间资源的异质性、合作社领导人的存在和政府的推动等因素，构成了专业合作社产生的基本条件。了解中国专业合作社产生的基础和条件，对有效地促进农民专业合作社的发展，避免盲目性具有实践意义。     

论新实学的务实为乐的价值观

新实学是继承和发展中国古代实学优秀传统的反映中国现时代精神的中国化的马克思主义哲学的新构想。新实学的价值观立足于现实的人现实的历史的存在之中观察和思考全部价值现象,对价值问题做历史性研究,是一种价值的历史性思维方式;确认价值是应该与事实的统一,价值是事物的现实的历史发展的存在方式,特别是现实的人现实的历史发展的存在方式,价值的本质是事物的历史发展性质,价值的形式是事物的活动及其历史发展过程,价值是一个历史范畴;倡导以求真务实为乐,反对和克服弄虚作假的歪风邪气,为全面建设中国特色的现代文明的小康社会而奋斗。     

浅析大学英语课堂教学中学生自主学习能力的培养

本文从自主学习的理论依据出发,以《大学英语》(全新版)《综合教程》为例,探讨了大学英语课堂教学中如何指导学生的自主学习及其具体操作步骤。