Role of Leaders as Agents of Negotiation for Counterbalancing Cultural Dissonance in the Middle East and North Africa Region

This study provides a unique perspective in the field of cross-cultural management by exploring the relationship between “cultural dissonance”—the gap between cultural values and actual practice—and effective leadership attributes in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Incorporating cultural dissonance into implicit leadership theory, the study uses measurements of dissonance on nine cultural dimensions to identify particular leadership preferences in seven MENA countries. The overall findings suggest that societies prefer leaders who counterbalance cultural dissonance by allowing space for negotiations by members of society to reduce disparities between cultural values—“the way things should be”—and actual practices—“the way things are.” The greater the disparity between cultural values and practices, the greater the citizens' desire that leaders act as agents of change by creating space for negotiation.     

浅析跨国公司的社会责任问题

西方社会在对企业进行业绩评估时已经将社会责任作为一项重要指标。国际社会在规范跨国公司行为和承担社会责任方面采取了一系列步骤和措施,但所有措施都是建立在自愿基础上,至今尚未存在一个具有约束力的法典,因而对于跨国公司的社会责任需要国际协调来加以规范。     

银行监管、风险承担与公司价值

商业银行具有脆弱性和负外部性等特征,再考虑到信息不对称和众多中小债权人存在,政府便伸出援助之手对银行进行广泛监管,以免银行出现过度风险承担行为从而危及整个经济体运转。银行监管旨在限制银行机构风险、维持银行体系安全,但同时亦应有助于提升银行公司价值、提高金融和经济效率。本文着重分析了主要监管措施对银行风险承担和公司价值的影响,试图总结出各项监管措施的有效性。通过多国截面数据的实证模型我们发现,信息披露是激励相容的,资本充足要求和银行安全网有利于降低风险承担却不利于公司价值,而市场准入正好相反,监管权力、业务限制对两者均有反面影响。     

论国有企业社会责任的误区与法治出路

国有企业社会责任是国有企业得以保留的合法性基础,文章分析了两种典型的认识国有企业社会责任的误区,厘清了国有企业营利事业、慈善捐赠、主营业务、非主营业务和社会责任之间的联系与区别,结合我国国有企业改革实践提出了普通公司立法与特殊企业政策立法的复合调整机制,并针对竞争型国有企业与公益型国有企业分别提出了相应的规制政策思路。国企改革法治出路的关键应该在于,为广泛的社会群体提供反映其利益要求的渠道与平台,凝结社会共识,使社会公众对国有企业合理的期望诉求能够通过公司治理的相关制度安排来得到体现。     

商业企业社会责任现状分析

本文在界定商业企业社会责任的基础上,着重探讨了商业企业的责任管理体系建设、产品质量安全管理、消费者权益保护、提升消费者社会责任意识、责任采购、员工权益保护六个方面的社会责任议题。在此基础上,又通过社会责任发展指数定量研究中国商业企业社会责任发展水平。由此得出,中国商业企业应树立社会责任意识、加强社会责任管理、提高社会责任信息披露水平、主动披露负面社会责任信息。     

企业社会责任的价值相关性研究述评

以往企业社会责任的价值相关性研究的结果显示,两者间的关系是模拟两可的、矛盾的和不确定的。本文在归纳和分析国内外相关研究的多样化结果及其产生原因的基础上,从引入中介变量、考虑时间跨度和解构社会责任三个角度梳理该领域研究的新发展,并提出目前研究中急需进一步解决的问题,为未来研究提供方向性的指引。     

董事会治理对公司成长的影响——基于我国A股上市公司前500强的经验数据

基于我国A股上市公司前500强2006-2009年的经验数据,以董事会规模、董事长与总经理是否两职合一、董事持股比例、独立董事比例和董事会会议频率作为董事会治理变量,以投资机会集（IOS,investment opportunity set）作为公司成长变量,分析了董事会治理对公司成长的影响。研究结果表明,独立董事比例与公司成长显著负向关联,董事长与总经理两职合一和董事会会议频率均与公司成长显著正向关联,董事会规模和董事持股比例则与公司成长弱相关且不具有显著性。     

国际贸易中的企业社会责任问题分析

在国际贸易中,企业社会责任的推行常常被视为国际贸易壁垒中的社会壁垒,成为我国企业出口产品通往欧美等发达国家市场的又一巨大障碍。但笔者主张正面看待企业社会责任问题,强调企业社会责任为提升我国劳工权益保障带来的积极推动作用。企业社会责任与贸易挂钩的做法已成为不可逆转的国际趋势,我国要想在国际竞争中站稳脚跟,亟需转变企业经营理念、增强责任意识、积极参与国际标准的制定、完善《劳动法》及配套法规并加强执法力度、建立企业社会责任评价体系、提升劳工权益保障水平。     

The impact of managerial political ties on corporate governance and debt financing: Evidence from Ghana

In this study, we draw upon insights from agency theory to examine the impact of managerial political ties on cost of debt and also to explore whether corporate governance mediates this impact. We hypothesize that political ties reduce financial reporting quality, disclosure of non-financial information and board independence, and are therefore associated with higher interest rates. We also hypothesize that the negative effect of political ties on the cost of debt will be stronger if firms borrow from privately-owned banks versus government-owned banks. Using data from Ghana, we find support for our direct and moderation hypotheses; political ties are associated with high interest rates and poor corporate governance. However, we do not find evidence of mediation. Altogether, the findings reveal the dark side of political connections and highlight the cost of political embeddedness in emerging credit markets.     

The role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and internal CSR communication in predicting employee engagement: Perspectives from the United Arab Emirates (UAE)

This study examined relationships among employees’ perception of CSR, three models of internal CSR communication and employee engagement. The findings, based on 516 valid survey responses from employees across different sectors in the United Arab Emirates, revealed that internal communication of CSR, both one-way and two-way symmetrical, predicted employee perceptions of CSR, with two-way asymmetrical communication being a negative predictor; perceptions of CSR predicted employee engagement; social and sustainable dimensions of CSR most strongly predicted social and affective dimensions of employee engagement; and both two-way symmetrical communication of CSR and employee perceptions of CSR strongly predicted employee engagement. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.