从利己理性到道德理性——网络时代社会和谐发展的经济学假设

以纯粹利己理性为行为基础的经济行为对市场经济制度会造成一定的危害 ,而对利己行为的外在的制度约束并不能从根本上消除这些危害 ,只有市场中行为主体具有内生的道德理性 ,才能使社会的制度约束对经济行为的调节更为有效。在经济社会 ,人们从利己理性向道德理性的转变是一个历史过程 ,而迅速提高人们的物质文化生活水平 ,逐步减少不同文化间的排异 ,大力发展科学和教育事业 ,是实现这个转变所必需具备的几个基本条件。     

家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系：安全型依恋的中介作用和性别的调节作用

基于McMaster家庭功能模式理论和依恋理论,选取392名小班幼儿为被试,通过问卷调查探讨家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系,并检验安全型依恋的中介效应和性别的调节效应。结果显示,家庭功能、亲社会行为、安全型依恋两两之间均呈现显著的正相关。安全型依恋在家庭功能与小班幼儿亲社会行为的关系中起着部分中介作用。性别显著调节家庭功能与亲社会行为之间的关系。具体而言,家庭功能显著正向影响女性幼儿的亲社会行为,但对男性幼儿亲社会行为的影响并不显著。     

网络语境下大学生身心现代化的行为模式和路径选择

人的现代化是一个紧跟时代发展的过程。大学生身心素质现代化必须适应网络技术的特点和要求,有效使用信息技术,提高信息素养;利用网络技术学会学习、学会处理虚拟社会的关系和现实社会关系的冲突;树立圆融意识,正确处理大学校园内的各种文化冲突;树立发展意识,与时俱进,使自己的现代化真正成为一个动态的、具有鲜明时代特性的过程。     

非实质性报酬对从业者主观行为的影响

非实质性报酬通过对动机的影响而支配着从业者的行为,是一种十分有效的外激励因素。本文从发放基础的角度,把非实质性报酬分为系统报酬、团体报酬和个人报酬三种,并分别论述了其对从业者主观行为即参与行为、公务贡献行为及非公务贡献行为的影响。     

拓展高校思想政治教育的四结合

以说 理 教育 为主 导 、以灌 输 宣教 为 手段 、以 活动 为载 体 的高 校思 想 政治 教育 现 行模 式 ,曾取 得 不俗 的运 行 效果 。然而着时 代 的发 展,这 一 模式 运 行秩 序正 常的 表 象已 蕴 含着 教育 者 与受 教育 者 的冲 突,实效 趋弱 。 要增 强活 力 ,必 须多 维度 地拓思想 政 治教 育与 大学 生 实际 问 题解 决的 相 结合 。也 唯 有探 寻与 大 学生 日常 管 理、心 理 健康 教育 、网 络行 为 指导 、就 业指 导结的道 路 ,才能 增 强高 校思 想 政治 教育 的 主动 性、实效 性、时代 性 、实 用性 。     

互联网对大学生心理、行为的负面影响及对策探究

互联网的发展对当代大学生的心理、行为产生了一定的负面影响。高校思想政治工作者应该将思想政治教育与心理健康教育相结合，教育引导当代大学生正确对待和使用互联网。     

沈阳市农户储备行为实证分析

以沈阳市农户统计数据为基础,根据影响农户储蓄行为的因素,建立了沈阳市农户储蓄行为的计量模型;并对现今农村金融体制与社会制度变迁过程中存在的问题进行分析,提出相应的政策建议。     

Leadership behaviour and leader self-reported well-being: A review,integration and meta-analytic examination

ABSTRACT

While the link between leadership and follower well-being is well established, less is known about the relation between leaders’ leadership behaviour and their own well-being. Particularly, a systematic integration of existing studies is missing. Based on an integrated framework summarising major theories on the leader well-being–leadership link, we quantitatively synthesised findings on the relations between different leadership behaviours and leader well-being indicators. The meta-analytical results (95 effect sizes; N?=?12,617) confirmed significant relationships of constructive and destructive leadership with leader well-being in the expected directions. Relative weight analyses on the constructive leadership behaviours showed that change-oriented and relational-oriented leadership (e.g. transformational, participative) accounted for more variance in leader well-being than task-oriented leadership (e.g. transactional). Regarding destructive leadership, active destructive leadership (e.g. abusive supervision) showed stronger negative associations with leader well-being than passive leadership (e.g. laissez-faire). Based on our integrated framework, we proposed and found support for divergent patterns of associations for different forms of well-being (positive vs. negative, short-term vs. long-term, job-related vs. general). Our study demonstrates a considerable linkage between leader well-being and leadership, supporting the adoption of leadership development programmes and organisational health interventions for leaders given their impact on employees, teams and organisations.     

Relations of School Children's Comforting Behavior to Empathy-Related Reactions and Shyness

The purpose of this study was to examine empathy-related and personal correlates of children's comforting reactions. Quantity and quality of third to sixth graders' comforting of a crying infant were assessed and their relations with situational and dispositional empathy-related responding, shyness, and vagal tone were examined. Quantity and quality of boys' comforting were related to reports of sympathetic/empathic responding to an empathy-inducing film, whereas quantity of girls' comforting was associated with low facial and heart rate markers of vicarious distress in another context. Quality of comforting was associated with markers of girls' vicarious distress. Comforting was negatively related to younger children's shyness and marginally, positive correlated with girls' vagal tone. Suppression of vagal tone was associated with quantity of comforting.     

Pre-employment antecedents of health resources, job factors and health risk behaviour in men and women

The role of individual factors in youth as predictors of adult health resources, job factors and health risk behaviour was studied in men and women. The studied health risk behaviours were smoking, use of alcohol and sedentary behaviour. Sense of coherence (SOC) was the used measure of adult health resources. The pre-employment data had been collected from a sample of 1084 subjects representative of Finnish youth at the mean age of 12 years. For this follow-up study, 345 women and 361 men, working in Finland, responded to a questionnaire at the mean age of 36 years. In the analyses of structural relationships, individual factors in youth were related to adult variables for both sexes, although only two consistent relationships were found for women: outgoing, social activities in youth predicted adult smoking and use of alcohol. Of the job factors, low job demands were related to smoking and lack of support at work was related to sedentary behaviour in women. The strong relationships of SOC with perceptions of social support and influence at work for both sexes characterized its role in health-promoting experiences at work, and supported its importance as a general health resource.