生态视域下的森林管理制度变迁及其反思——云南M县案例研究

管理制度变迁对生态演变具有显著的影响。传统时期地方社会有一套有效的森林管理制度。以云南M县为例,通过对森林使用的类型划分,乡规民约和信仰、禁忌,地方传统有效地保护了当地的森林。1949年以来,由于地方社会组织、制度和信仰禁忌的破坏,森林遭受严重砍伐。此后,现代森林管理制度逐步建立。现代森林管理制度在操作中的问题体现在：正式管理制度的低嵌入性、管理人员地方性知识缺乏、管理和执法力量的弱覆盖性和管理机构的利益化取向。因此,需要探索正式制度与非正式制度互补的管理模式。     

Disaster Management from a POM Perspective: Mapping a New Domain

We have reviewed disaster management research papers published in major operations management, management science, operations research, supply chain management and transportation/logistics journals. In reviewing these studies, our objective is to assess and present the macro level “architectural blue print” of disaster management research with the hope that it will attract new researchers and motivate established researchers to contribute to this important field. The secondary objective is to bring this disaster research to the attention of disaster administrators so that disasters are managed more efficiently and more effectively. We have mapped the disaster management research on the following five attributes of a disaster: (1) Disaster Management Function (decision‐making process, prevention and mitigation, evacuation, humanitarian logistics, casualty management, and recovery and restoration), (2) Time of Disaster (before, during and after), (3) Type of Disaster (accidents, earthquakes, floods, hurricanes, landslides, terrorism and wildfires etc.), (4) Data Type (Field and Archival data, Real data and Hypothetical data), and (5) Data Analysis Technique (bidding models, decision analysis, expert systems, fuzzy system analysis, game theory, heuristics, mathematical programming, network flow models, queueing theory, simulation and statistical analysis). We have done cross tabulations of data among these five parameters to gain greater insights into disaster research. Recommendations for future research are provided.     

Private Labels: Facilitators or Impediments to Supply Chain Coordination

We consider a retailer’s decision of whether to develop an internally produced, private label version of a national brand and the role that this decision plays in coordinating the supply chain. Our model assumes that the perceived quality of the private label is lower than that of the national brand, and we allow for the two products to have different marginal costs. We further allow for a fixed development cost that the retailer must incur to develop private label capability, and distinguish two types of private labels depending upon whether they would or would not be developed as product line extensions by a vertically integrated supply chain. We refer to these two types as first‐best (FB) and non‐first‐best (NFB) product line extensions, respectively. When the private label can be characterized as a NFB product line extension, its development creates adverse cannibalization effects, yet it also helps to mitigate the effects of double marginalization with respect to the national brand. We characterize the conditions under which the retailer will develop private label capability, and distinguish among the conditions under which this is either beneficial or detrimental to the overall performance of the supply chain.     

Path to “Stardom” in Globally Distributed Hybrid Teams: An Examination of a Knowledge‐Centered Perspective using Social Network Analysis

Although distributed teams have been researched extensively in information systems and decision science disciplines, a review of the literature suggests that the dominant focus has been on understanding the factors affecting performance at the team level. There has however been an increasing recognition that specific individuals within such teams are often critical to the team's performance. Consequently, existing knowledge about such teams may be enhanced by examining the factors that affect the performance of individual team members. This study attempts to address this need by identifying individuals who emerge as “stars” in globally distributed teams involved in knowledge work such as information systems development (ISD). Specifically, the study takes a knowledge‐centered view in explaining which factors lead to “stardom” in such teams. Further, it adopts a social network approach consistent with the core principles of structural/relational analysis in developing and empirically validating the research model. Data from U.S.–Scandinavia self‐managed “hybrid” teams engaged in systems development were used to deductively test the proposed model. The overall study has several implications for group decision making: (i) the study focuses on stars within distributed teams, who play an important role in shaping group decision making, and emerge as a result of a negotiated/consensual decision making within egalitarian teams; (ii) an examination of emergent stars from the team members’ point of view reflects the collective acceptance and support dimension decision‐making contexts identified in prior literature; (iii) finally, the study suggests that the social network analysis technique using relational data can be a tool for a democratic decision‐making technique within groups.     

全球治理:适应全球化的新的合作模式

治理与全球治理理论是一种新的国际关系理论和分析框架,蕴涵于其中的全球合作模式深刻地反映了全球化进程中所出现的国际合作的新特征和新问题。治理合作提倡一种包括非政府组织、全球性国际组织和各国政府等多种国际关系行为体在内的全球合作模式,其要点是:将合作的主体由制度合作中的政府扩大到非政府;以全球共同利益为合作的新动力;强调合作是正式制度与非正式制度合作的统一,是长期协调与对话的互动过程。总之,治理合作既是对制度合作的继承,又是对制度合作的创新,将对全球合作的进一步发展提供有益的启示。     

企业管理教学模式创新研究

通过对《企业管理》课程教学过程的对比、分析研究 ,提出新的理论教学模式 ,以市场和学生需求为根本 ,转变教学观念 ,以期达到良好的教学效果     

高新技术企业领导集体有效性的理想与差距研究

企业高层领导集体(Top M anagem ent Team s,TMTs)是对企业影响最大的一个小团队。高新技术企业在我国的高速发展对TMTs的有效性提出了新的挑战。在对高新技术企业高层领导团队成员的半结构化访谈,并在对访谈结果进行编码的基础上,分析了TMTs领导者和成员对理想集体和本集体的差距的特征评价。结果发现,TMTs更关注管理制度、沟通、人才的维系与培养、管理知识与管理人才等。管理制度规范化是被领导者和成员提及频率最高的理想集体的特征;而制度规范化的缺乏是领导者提及频率最高的差距,缺乏管理知识和管理人才为其他成员提及频率最高的差距,还就不同绩效企业之间的TMTs评价差异进行了比较。     

Resources,homophily, and dependence: Organizational attributes and asymmetric ties in human service networks

This paper examines the effects of organizational attributes on power/dependence relations in interorganizational dyads. Exchange and homophily theories are discussed as two alternative perspectives on the processes that give rise to such effects. The data pertain to interagency ties in three community-based networks of youth service agencies and are analyzed via a new strategy of linear modeling dyadic relations. The results of the analysis suggest that size, administrative position, and justice system connections condition the extent to which an agency initiates and receives ties of influence, assistance, and support. Moreover, these relations are more frequent between agencies with similar treatment ideologies and client racial makeup. Finally, size and justice system access are found to reduce agency dependence on a network's administrative core. In the course of the discussion, a number of related issues and findings are discussed.     

老牌主题公园如何走出困境--对云南民族村经营与发展的思考

云南民族村作为一个已有12年历史的老牌主题公园,目前正危机四伏,面临着一个艰难的转折。对此,作者从主题公园的内涵与外延、资源导向还是市场导向、市场需求与产品结构、经营方式与经营观念、激励机制与人力资源管理、以产定销还是以销定产等6个方面入手,对云南民族村存在的问题及其如何走出困境进行了深入的探讨。