Practising transnational citizenship: dual nationality and simultaneous political involvement among emigrants

Acceptance of dual citizenship allows migrants to naturalise in the country of residence (CoR) without giving up their former citizenship. For migrant sending countries the question emerges whether emigrants who acquire another citizenship are less attached to and politically active in the country of origin than those who do not. This would be the assumption of traditional perspectives on migration and citizenship. However, according to the transnational perspective neither multiple nationalities, nor participation in and identification with the CoR, preclude ongoing ties and participation back home. We test these perspectives with survey data on Swiss citizens residing in France, Germany, Italy and the US. Our results suggest that Swiss dual citizens abroad are not significantly less attached to and active in Switzerland than their mono national counterparts. Our data further supports the transnational perspective by showing not only simultaneity, but a mutually reinforcing relationship when transnational citizenship is practised. Identification with, and political participation in, the CoR positively relates to equivalent feelings and activities in the country of origin. Since dual citizenship sets the legal foundation for simultaneous involvement in two countries, it correctly assumes a central place in the study of transnational citizenship.     

The Discounted Moments of the Surplus After the Last Innovation Before Ruin Under the Dual Risk Model

□ This article's focus is on finding an explicit form of the discounted moments of the surplus at the time of the last jump before ruin for the compound Poisson dual risk model. For this purpose, we derive a non-homogeneous integro-differential equation, which is satisfied by the targeted quantity. To solve this equation, the general solution of the corresponding homogeneous equation and a particular solution of the non-homogeneous equation are obtained. Also, some additional results are provided, such as the defective distribution of the time to ruin and the Laplace transform of the time when the last jump before ruin happens.     

Measuring efficiency with products,by-products and parent-offspring relations: A conditional two-stage DEA model

In the usual data envelopment analysis (DEA) setting, as pioneered by Charnes et al. (1978) [1], it is assumed that a set of decision making units (DMUs) is to be evaluated in terms of their relative efficiencies in converting a bundle of inputs into a bundle of outputs. The usual assumption in DEA is that each output is impacted by each and every member of the input set. One particular area of recent research is that relating to partial input to output impacts where the main issue addressed is that in many settings not all inputs impact all outputs. In that situation the authors view the DMU as consisting of a set of mutually exclusive subunits, with each subunit having its own unique bundle of inputs and outputs. Examined as well in this area, is the presence of multiple processes for generating sets of outputs. Missing from that earlier work is consideration of the presence of outputs in the form of by-products, giving rise to a parent-offspring phenomenon. One of the modeling complications there is that the parent assumes two different roles; as an input affecting the offspring, while at the same time being the dominant output. This gives rise to a model that we refer to as conditional two-stage. Another complication is that in the presence of multiple processes, by-products often arise out of only a subset of those processes. In the current paper we develop a DEA-type of methodology to handle partial input to output impacts in the presence of by-products.     

浅议高等职业教育“双证书”制度实施中的问题与对策

推行“双证书”制度是我国高等职业教育在适应市场经济发展过程中的必然要求和体现。实施“双证书”制度，是学校人才培养与市场企业需求直接对接的必由之路。     

Fuzzy duocentric community detection model in social networks

The main goal of this paper is to present a clustering model to identify duocentric communities in the complex networks. A duocentric community is built around two central nodes which are as close as possible to other nodes, while the central nodes are connected enough to each other to shape the center of the community. To detect such communities, we develop a new objective function based clustering model. The network's nodes are assigned to the duocentric communities by the type-2 fuzzy numbers which indicate the degrees of belonging to the communities by upper and lower membership values. Generated interval type-2 fuzzy membership values by our proposed model are able to determine how much each node belongs to the both central nodes and how it is shared among communities. Also, the compatible verification index with the proposed model is introduced to evaluate and compare the results of the proposed model with the existing approach in the literature. Finally, the performance of the proposed algorithm is validated by detecting duocentric communities in three artificial networks and two real social networks.     

论西北回族官僚资本的二重性

民国时期,西北回族商业的发展出现了回族军阀官僚阶层涉足商业活动,并以军政手段垄断商业贸易而形成回族官僚资本。西北回族官僚资本最大的特点就是从金融垄断到商业垄断。在经营手段上,军、政、商三位一体,在所有权上公私不分,以公的名义出现,最终化公为私。西北回族官僚资本少有买办性,有独立性和民族性。西北回族官僚资本有着二重性,一...     

Family Commitments under Negotiation: Dual Carers in Finland and Italy

This paper makes a comparison between Finnish and Italian working dual carers. Dual carers have responsibilities simultaneously at two different fronts. The selected Finnish and Italian samples of carers are doing similar care work in different settings. They negotiate care with a variety of actors and under differing circumstances. A care life story has been constructed for each participant. Then these care life stories have been compared with each other, especially at points where the need for negotiation has been evident, at life's various turning points. There are many individual similarities in negotiations performed in Finland and in Italy. However, their divergent contexts create considerable variation.     

关于建设和谐城乡的思考

长期以来我国城乡之间、城乡居民之间的发展存在着诸多的差别与不和谐、片面与不平衡。其现实存在严重地制约着社会主义和谐社会的构建与发展。人的发展与社会发展的和谐关系表明,人的发展与社会发展唇齿相依、相互制约。人的发展与社会发展的和谐关系规律要求,社会各群体、各阶层都必须处在一个公平、平等的位置上,才能共同构建和谐社会、推动社会的发展,最终反哺各类人群的发展。因此,消除城乡差距、差别,建设和谐城乡,是建设有中国特色社会主义和谐社会的重要一环。     

Cooperatives as the “enfants terribles” of economics: Some implications for the social economy

The cooperatives are too economically oriented to be included in the non-profit sector and too socially oriented to be considered as an economic for-profit organization. These “enfants terribles” are wholly depersonalized. They represent a broader phenomenon, going beyond the dominant global economy. As such, cooperatives are seen as a model based on dual components, an economic and a social. Here lies the source of the incompatibility between the hegemonic economic paradigm and an organizational rationale claiming to be based on the co-existence of two features, the social and the economic.Therefore, this article supports the idea of non-profit economy, the cornerstone of the social economy but facing outward offering competing goods and services which can facilitate the market economy and mitigate the tendency towards oligopoly.     

Dependence in the 2001 one-number census project

Summary.  The one-number census approach was developed by the Office for National Statistics to adjust the counts from the 2001 census of England and Wales for underenumeration. The method is underpinned by an assumption of independence between the count of the population that was given by the 2001 census and the count that was given by the Census Coverage Survey. Some dependence was, however, detected, and the paper describes the strategy that was used to measure dependence and to adjust the 2001 census population estimates.