人口“乡-城”流动下城镇失业保险基金支出预测：以西安市为例

本文运用人口发展方程与回归预测方法建立了人口“乡-城”流动规模测算模型。根据社会保障精算原理构建了人口“乡-城”流动下的失业保险基金支出测算模型;在此基础上,对2009—2020年西安市失业保险基金支出额进行了预测,结果表明,西安市失业保险基金支出总量年均递增12．93％,由2．67亿元增长到10．19亿元,其中,由“乡-城”人口流动引发的失业保险基金支出额从1232．75万元增长到2．58亿元。年均递增31．85％。     

Innovating in defence policy through spending efficiency: The Life Cycle Costing model

Research has shown that defence spending has repercussions on government policies and economic growth. At an international scale these implications, together with current financial difficulties affecting governments, justify the timeliness and interest of studying defence policies from the standpoint of efficiency. Many authors and international bodies such as NATO consider Life Cycle Costing (LCC) the best model for improving the efficiency of military investments. This paper examines the political repercussions in different countries of introducing the LCC model. The research methodology is based on a questionnaire that was replied to by the defence departments of 28 countries, classified as developing or developed.     

西部地区农村居民消费行为分析

西部地区农村居民无论在消费总量上,还是在消费结构上都低于东部地区,本文分析了西部地区农村居民的消费现状以及影响消费的主要原因,提出了促进西部地区农村居民消费的对策。     

Canadian Non-Profits in Crisis: The Need for Reform

This paper examines recent changes in the relationship between the Canadian state, at both federal and provincial levels, and those non-profit organizations concerned with social welfare. The 1995 federal budget marked a turning point for Canadian non-profit organizations as the federal transfer payments to the provinces were simultaneously restructured and reduced. This, in turn, meant that provincial funds flowing to non-profit organizations would also be cut, or terminated, and restructured as service contracts continued to replace grants. This followed a review of government funding to non-profit agencies initiated the previous year and came on top of a growing critique of non-profits as unaccountable, unrepresentative, professionalized, "special-interest" groups, who used public funds largely to sustain themselves, and pursued causes that should not be subsidized by government. At the same time non-profit organizations were increasingly expected to provide core social welfare services not only on the basis of "more for less" but also through charging for their services and increased corporate and individual fund-raising. All of these events took place in the context of the election to government, in 1993, of the Liberal Party, that had previously been strongly identified with the advance of a Canadian social agenda but now chose to adopt its conservative predecessor’s deficit reduction strategy through public expenditure cuts. For many Canadian commentators, such events have thrown non-profit organizations into crisis and during the past two years there have been attempts to bring together the diverse interests within the sector and build a stronger sense of identity and voice. However, there is also a strong argument to suggest that the vulnerability of such non-profit organizations has resulted, in part, from their over-dependence on government during the previous twenty-five years and the absence of a strong popular base. This paper explores the changing relationships between the Canadian state and non-profit organizations, and highlights what could be very similar dilemmas for their UK counterparts as government increasingly looks to non-profits to fulfil what has during the postwar period been its service-providing role.     

城镇居民消费结构实证分析

本文收集了1995—2007年,福建城镇居民家庭消费各指标的原始数据,采用扩展线性支出系统模型（Extend Linear Expenditure System,简称ELES）,运用EVIEWS软件,建立消费函数、计算并分析恩格尔系数、边际消费倾向、城镇居民基本需求、需求收入弹性系数等的基础上,提出一些提高消费水平、改善消费结构、扩大内需的对策建议。     

分权治理与地方政府责任研究述评

地方政府责任和治理是世界各国政府分权改革中的一个基本问题.早期财政联邦制理论将分权引入政府公共支出的分析,维持市场的财政联邦制理论则考虑了政府组织结构与激励问题,结合分权和治理两个维度,带来了地方政府、财政激励与经济发展关系的理解.近来的研究进一步表明不同的政治体制下地方政府责任机制和治理结构的差异,同时发展中国家分权治理的实践表明,既定的不同政治体制下,公民参与是强化地方政府责任的一种重要机制,参与式预算就是其中“自下而上”的重要责任机制,对中国政治集权经济分权下地方政府治理具有一定的作用.     

江苏人口老龄化与养老金合理支出量化分析

基于人口结构理论和柯布-道格拉斯生产函数构建相应数理模型,对江苏省人口老龄化程度与养老金支出水平进行了定量测算和分析,分析结果表明：由于城乡二元养老保障体系的存在,江苏省现实的养老金支出水平低于理论上的合理值,养老保障支出有待于提高。根据研究结果,结合江苏省的具体情况,提出相应政策建议,以完善当前的养老保障模式。     

中央财政保费补贴政策对新疆农业保险可持续发展的影响分析

文章应用计量经济学分析方法对新疆农业保险1982—2008年的赔付支出与保费收入的关系进行了实证分析。研究结果显示,中央财政保费补贴政策的实施,不仅显著促进了新疆农业保险保费收入的增长,大幅提高了农业保险的保障水平,而且显著降低了农业保险的边际赔付水平,使农业保险的平均赔付率下降,对新疆农业保险的可持续发展和实现供求平衡起到了积极的作用。     

新时期人口与计划生育经费投入问题——以宝鸡市为例

针对当前出现的各级财政投入虽逐年加大而计划生育经费依然短缺、保障乏力的问题,结合宝鸡市实际分析认为,经费来源渠道改变、计生工作成本增加以及财政投入增幅与实际工作不相适应是造成问题的原因,并据此提出相应的对策建议.     

我国财政支出结构的调整与优化

主要从我国目前财政支出的现状出发,实证地分析了我国财政支出结构及其存在的问题,在此基础上提出了在公共财政体制下,如何调整和优化财政支出结构,使财政支出结构更加合理、更加符合市场经济的客观要求。