Leadership and organizational learning: A multiple levels perspective

We review theoretical and empirical work relevant to the nexus of leadership with organizational learning. We build on the classic distinction between exploration and exploitation and the 4I framework of organizational learning [Crossan, M. M., Lane, H. W., & White, R. E. (1999). An organizational learning framework: From intuition to institution. Academy of Management Review, 24, 522–537.] to present previous research and offer research directions linking leadership constructs and processes of organizational learning at different levels of analysis. For each of these links, we discuss the mediating effect of organizational context and suggest future research directions. This review is integrated using a model and propositions that depict the role of leaders with regard to new and existing learning.     

企业社会工作介入员工关系管理的新探索——以深圳市B企业员工为例

企业社会工作作为社会工作的一项重要实务领域,是将社会工作的专业理念与手法运用到企业之中服务企业员工,在协调企业内部员工关系方面发挥着重要作用。目前,我国的企业社会工作还处在探索阶段,相关研究和实务经验均有限,而且在企业内的应用也充满了挑战。文章以笔者所在社工机构中的社工在深圳市B企业开展的项目服务为例,探索企业社会工作在员工关系管理中的应用,并就项目实施过程中所存在的困惑进行简要分析,以期为我国企业社会工作的发展提供些许借鉴。     

Organising environmental scanning: Exploring information source,mode and the impact of firm size

Recent research on environmental scanning has shown it to be an important part of many organisational processes related to strategy. A fundamental aspect of scanning behaviour is the mode or channel through which information is gathered. Existing research on mode selection and source use has suggested that managers prefer to use personal sources that are either internal to or external to the organisation depending on context. What is not clear, however, is why one source may be preferred to another and how different scanning modes might complement each other. We explore these issues through the collection and analysis of interview data from seven organisations of widely differing sizes. Using the organisation itself as the unit of analysis, we offer a number of theoretical contributions concerned with mode and source use in environmental scanning activity. We find that quality of information source may be less important in explaining source use than previous studies suggest. We also uncover heavy reliance on internal reporting on the environment, compiled using multiple channels, in larger companies. Furthermore, we present a variety of instances where scanning modes were used to complement one another in different ways, the patterns changing according to organisation size. Our findings, while exploratory and theoretical in nature, also have practical implications for growing organisations that wish to ensure their environment is scanned as effectively as possible.     

Exploitation Strategy and Performance of Contract Manufacturing Exporters: The Mediating Roles of Exploration Strategy and Marketing Capability

Contract manufacturing exporters (CMEs) receive a meagre share of global value chain returns, primarily because of the mundane and exploitative nature of the activities they perform in their dependency relationships with lead firms. We posit that CMEs can enhance their performance by capitalizing on their exploitation strategy. Exploitation strategy triggers exploration strategy which requires building marketing capabilities for enhanced performance. Based on data from 154 Vietnamese CMEs, we find significant indirect only mediation effects of: 1) exploration strategy between exploitation strategy and export performance; and 2) marketing capability between exploration strategy and export performance. Further, we find significant indirect only serial mediation of exploration strategy and marketing capability between exploitation strategy and export performance. The findings are also supported and contextualized based on illustrative quotes from face to face semi-structured interviews with senior managers of 10 Vietnamese CMEs. The findings suggest that CMEs' that consciously capitalize on the exploitation strategy by seeking exploration opportunities while building their marketing capability exhibit enhanced performance.     

帝王与文学关系研究的新开拓——读龙文玲《汉武帝与西汉文学》

龙文玲的新著《汉武帝与西汉文学》从特殊读者和特殊作者影响文学的角度,把汉武帝一生分为几个阶段,探讨了汉武帝不同人生阶段对西汉文学的影响,由此揭示了帝王影响文学的一般规律及原因,为学术界的进一步深入研究拓展了道路。     

Impact of strategic and operational risk management practices on firm performance: An empirical investigation

Increasingly, creating and delivering value through complex supply chain networks involves substantial risks. However, strategy development under business risk conditions is not well-understood. This cross-country research examines how, under conditions of supply chain network risk, firms develop effective risk management practices. Using a literature review and survey research of managers from global firms; we present a research model, and empirically test the hypothesized relationships. The results show that under conditions of uncertainty, management decision-making is more likely to be cautious until visible forms of risks emerge, and prudent response mechanisms are put in place. This study identifies the crucial role of supply chain exploration and exploitation practices, and their influence in development of network risk management practices, leading to competitive financial outcomes.     

The individual side of ambidexterity: Do individuals’ perceptions match actual behaviors in reconciling the exploration and exploitation trade-off?

The paper addresses the issue of the exploration–exploitation dilemma, adopting a micro level of analysis. Unlike the extensive literature on ambidexterity that investigates the organizational solutions that allow firms to pursue the balance between the two kinds of learning orientation, this research draws attention to the as yet barely analyzed individual dimension of ambidexterity. Specifically, in investigating personal ambidexterity we point to the relevance of individuals’ perceptions on what their role requires of them and the actual behaviors they perform.     

司法考试背景下的法学诊所式教育初探

自2001年建立国家统一司法考试制度以来,司法考试为我国法学本科教育提出了新要求,但司法考试与法学本科教育存在着现实差别。因此,如何正确看待旨在弥补传统实践类课程不足的诊所式法律教育的作用和意义,成为法学教育界研究的一个重要课题。基于此,对司法考试与诊所式法学教育关系进行辨析,并结合新形势下司法考试的变化,对法学诊所式教育的改革作了一些探索。     

优化群众路线教育实践活动学习教育环节的路径探析

群众路线是我们党的生命线和根本工作路线。分析当前群众路线教育实践活动中学习教育环节存在的主要问题,积极探索群众路线教育实践活动优化学习教育环节的新途径。把握学习教育重点是前提,正面教育和引导是要求,坚持党员先进性教育是核心,创新学习教育形式是关键,注重学习教育实效是根本。     

Individual Exploration,Sensemaking, and Innovation: A Design for the Discovery of Novel Information

Discovering novel information can result in the generation of potentially valuable new ideas and can therefore be beneficial to organizations interested in innovation. To be useful, novel information must have a particular relationship to existing organizational knowledge. It must be far enough away to qualify as novel, but it must be close enough that it can be understood and exploited. Therefore, a key challenge for novel‐information discovery (NID) is to find concepts that have such relationships to a given starting point or focal concept of interest. Despite the potential benefits, organizations face a number of challenges when discovering novel information on the Web: locating it, understanding its relevance, and making sense of it given the constraints and biases of existing mental models. In this article, we develop an understanding of the challenges of NID and how a tool can support individuals in locating and translating novel information into novel ideas. Using a design science approach, we develop a design theory for NID. A prototype is developed and evaluated. Our findings show that an NID tool performs better than other Web search tools such as Google in terms of the perceived levels of novel information provided and radicalness of the ideas generated.