魏晋南北朝史发展要义二题

魏晋南北朝约400年,为分裂割据时期,战乱促使人们思维活跃,无论政治、军事、经济、文化皆出现了承上启下的新内涵。而其要义则为政治上的儒法结合和三省六部制,军事上的府兵制,经济上的均田制,文化上的永明新体诗和骈文的出现,所有这些对后世历史发展具有深远影响。     

Symmetrical Design of Experiment in Global Sensitivity Analysis Based on ANOVA High-dimensional Model Representation

This article reviews symmetrical global sensitivity analysis based on the analysis of variance of high-dimensional model representation. To overcome the computational difficulties and explore the use of symmetrical design of experiment (SDOE), two methods are presented. If the form of the objective function f is known, we use SDOE to estimate the symmetrical global sensitivity indices instead of Monte Carlo or quasi-Monte Carlo simulation. Otherwise, we use the observed values of the experiment to do symmetrical global sensitivity analysis. These methods are easy to implement and can reduce the computational cost. An example is given by symmetrical design of experiment.     

Eye-tracking methodology: exploring the processing of question formats in web surveys

In social research, the use of agree/disagree (A/D) questions is a popular method for measuring attitudes. Research has shown that A/D questions require complex cognitive processing and are susceptible to response bias. Thus, some researchers recommend the use of item-specific (IS) questions. This study examines the processing of A/D and IS questions, using eye-tracking methodology. By recording respondents’ eye movements, how respondents process survey questions can be evaluated. The results reveal that IS questions cause more and longer fixations. However, this only applies to the response categories. There are no differences regarding the question stems. Altogether, it seems that IS response categories trigger deeper cognitive processing than A/D response categories.     

Factors That Impact a Social Worker's Capacity to Supervise a Student

With sector constraints and higher education economic imperatives increasingly impacting the provision of social work field education, university programs lack an understanding of the factors that enable or prohibit field educators’ capacity to provide placements. Despite the significance of field education in the curriculum, it remains unclear what the experiences and motivations of field educators are to provide universities with student placements. This research addresses this gap through surveying 101 field educators that attended statewide Victorian field education training. Results indicated that although field educators recognised the benefits of supervising students, workload relief, additional training, and further student placement preparation by the university were emphasised as the primary factors that would enable them to respond positively to placement requests. Payments for placements did not necessarily ameliorate these issues nor guarantee the provision of more placements. The implications of these findings for universities and the field are discussed.     

Gender and social conformity: Do men and women respond differently to social pressure to vote?

In this paper, we re-analyze data from a large-scale field experiment (N = 344,084) on voter turnout in order to determine whether men and women respond differently to social pressure aimed at voter mobilization. To date, there have been mixed results regarding the interaction between a person’s gender and receptivity to social influence. On the whole, our analyses confirm prior findings that social pressure increases voter turnout but uncover little to no evidence of gender differences in receptivity to social pressure cues in the context of political participation.     

大学物理实验中学生创新能力的培养

分析了当前大学物理实验教学在教学、学习和内容上对学生创新力造成制约的现象。在此基础上,从激发学生兴趣营造创新环境、强化心理培养、改革大学物理实验教学体系和建立实践实训基地四个方面提出了对大学生创新能力培养的措施。     

Does media coverage influence public attitudes towards welfare recipients? The impact of the 2011 English riots

Following the shooting of Mark Duggan by police on 4 August 2011, there were riots in many large cities in the UK. As the rioting was widely perceived to be perpetrated by the urban poor, links were quickly made with Britain's welfare policies. In this paper, we examine whether the riots, and the subsequent media coverage, influenced attitudes toward welfare recipients. Using the British Social Attitudes survey, we use multivariate difference‐in‐differences regression models to compare attitudes toward welfare recipients among those interviewed before (pre‐intervention: i.e. prior to 6 August) and after (post‐intervention: 10 August–10 September) the riots occurred (N = 3,311). We use variation in exposure to the media coverage to test theories of media persuasion in the context of attitudes toward welfare recipients. Before the riots, there were no significant differences between newspaper readers and non‐readers in their attitudes towards welfare recipients. However, after the riots, attitudes diverged. Newspaper readers became more likely than non‐readers to believe that those on welfare did not really deserve help, that the unemployed could find a job if they wanted to and that those on the dole were being dishonest in claiming benefits. Although the divergence was clearest between right‐leaning newspaper and non‐newspaper readers, we do not a find statistically significant difference between right‐ and left‐leaning newspapers. These results suggest that media coverage of the riots influenced attitudes towards welfare recipients; specifically, newspaper coverage of the riots increased the likelihood that readers of the print media expressed negative attitudes towards welfare recipients when compared with the rest of the population.     

机械基础创新实验教学体系研究

机械基础系列课程在培养机械类专业学生工程实践能力和创新设计能力等方面起着十分重要的作用.文章讨论了机械基础创新实验教学体系的基本内容:创新实验教学思想观念、创新实验教学目标、创新实验教学内容、创新实验教学方法与手段、创新实验教学评价和创新实验教学管理等六个方面.旨在创建以创新实验教学思想为指导,以机械分析与综合为基础,以机构运动方案设计为主线,以提高机械类学生的分析能力、综合能力和创新设计能力为目标的实验教学新体系.     

在工科物理实验教学中培养学生的科学素质

文章阐述了科学素质的内涵及实验教学和科学素质培养之间的关系,分析了工科物理实验教学在科学素质培养方面的现状,提出以培养学生的科学素质为核心,改革工科物理实验的教学内容、教学方式和手段,建设一支高素质的工科物理实验教师队伍.     

高校软件人才培养的创新实验区建设

为了更好地培养软件人才,提高大学生的工程实践能力,从大学生创新实验区建设实践出发,在软件人才培养实验区的硬件建设、软件建设(案例库和实验相关软件)以及软件人才培养模式方面进行实践探索。同时,从理论上阐述了三者是个有机整体,只有衔接得好、建设得好才能培养出国际一流的软件人才。