Measuring people's trust

Summary. We measure trust and trustworthiness in British society with a newly designed experiment using real monetary rewards and a sample of the British population. The study also asks the typical survey question that aims to measure trust, showing that it does not predict 'trust' as measured in the experiment. Overall, about 40% of people were willing to trust a stranger in our experiment, and their trust was rewarded half of the time. Analysis of variation in the trust behaviour in our survey suggests that trusting is more likely if people are older, their financial situation is either 'comfortable' or 'difficult' compared with 'doing alright' or 'just getting by', they are a homeowner or they are divorced, separated or never married compared with those who are married or cohabiting. Trustworthiness also is more likely among subjects who are divorced or separated relative to those who are married or cohabiting, and less likely among subjects who perceive their financial situation as 'just getting by' or 'difficult'. We also analyse the effect of attitudes towards risks on trust.     

城镇劳动力市场城乡分割的程度与特征 ——基于浙江数据的经验研究

 劳动力市场的城乡分割意味着经济效率的损失,一直来备受关注。本文构建了一个劳动力市场城乡分割指数,基于中国城镇住户调查浙江省的数据,测量了城镇劳动力市场城乡分割的程度。结果显示：在工资回报层面,相对高端领域的分割程度弱于相对低端领域,但在就业机会层面,相对高端领域的分割程度强于相对低端领域。为此我们建议：劳动力市场管理上重点关注低端劳动力市场中城乡劳动者的同工同酬问题,公共政策设计上重点关注高端劳动力市场中城乡劳动力的平等就业机会问题。     

On the stability of the risk hull method for projection estimators

We consider in this paper the regularization by projection of a linear inverse problem Y=Af+εξ$Y=\mathit{Af}+\epsilon \xi$ where ξ$\xi$ denotes a Gaussian white noise, A   a compact operator and ε>0$\epsilon >0$ a noise level. Compared to the standard unbiased risk estimation (URE) method, the risk hull minimization (RHM) procedure presents a very interesting numerical behavior. However, the regularization in the singular value decomposition setting requires the knowledge of the eigenvalues of A$A$. Here, we deal with noisy eigenvalues: only observations on this sequence are available. We study the efficiency of the RHM method in this situation. More generally, we shed light on some properties usually related to the regularization with a noisy operator.     

基于Logit模型的区域集镇系统需求分析及规模确定研究

集镇迁建并非简单的将集镇按照原规模从一个地方搬到另一个地方,集镇迁建规模的大小．应该根据迁入区的实际需求（需求规模）来确定,需求的大小主要取决于村民对集镇的选择行为,即越多的人选择到某个集镇进行活动,该集镇的需求规模越大,反之越小。影响集镇需求的因素很多,包括交通时间、交通费用、集镇服务种类、服务质量等,本文将其概括为广义费用和集镇效用（服务能力）,建立反映村民选择行为的Logit模型分析集镇需求情况,并将其应用于区域集镇系统布局优化中,以我国西部某地为例进行实证分析,反映搬迁前后一定区域内各榘镇需求规模的变化,同时计算出新集镇的需求规模,为集镇迁建规模的确定及其布局优化提供科学的参考。     

Riemann manifold Langevin methods on stochastic volatility estimation

In this article, we perform Bayesian estimation of stochastic volatility models with heavy tail distributions using Metropolis adjusted Langevin (MALA) and Riemman manifold Langevin (MMALA) methods. We provide analytical expressions for the application of these methods, assess the performance of these methodologies in simulated data, and illustrate their use on two financial time series datasets.     

Prevalence of and risk factors associated with cesarean section in Lebanon — A retrospective study based on a sample of 29,270 women

Background

During the last decades, there has been an alarming and dramatic increase in the number of cesarean births in both developed and undeveloped countries. This increase has not been clinically justified but, nevertheless, has raised an important number of issues.

Exploitation aversion: When financial incentives fail to motivate agents

Studies of the principal-agent relationship find that monetary incentives work in many instances but that they can also backfire. Various mechanisms for this failure have been examined (e.g., intrinsic motivation, image concerns). We posit that an aversion to being exploited, i.e., being used instrumentally for another’s benefit, can also cause incentives to fail. Using an experiment we find that compliance is lower for exploitative principals compared to neutral ones despite using the same contracts. To corroborate our results we show that surveyed “exploitation aversion” mediates this effect. Our results have implications for the design and implementation of incentives within organizations.     

振兴东北老工业基地的金融支持

区域经济发展的差异与国家现行的统一的金融政策在制度安排上的不一致,构成了现行的金融政策制度与振兴东北老工业基地之间的基本矛盾。以金融结构论、金融深化论、金融约束论为代表的发展金融学,对制定振兴东北老工业基地的金融支持政策,具有重要的理论指导作用。振兴东北老工业基地金融支持的具体措施包括:发展风险投资事业;设立东北老工业基地振兴基金;组建东北振兴银行;化解银行不良资产。     

金融资产管理公司在国企改革中的角色与法律问题

本文通过简要介绍金融资产管理公司处置不良资产的变现模式、近年国有企业改革的模式,初步说明了金融资产管理公司处置资产实际上是推进国有企业改革的方式之一,同时重点阐述了资产管理公司在其中遇到的法律问题并提出了相关的一些立法建议。     

论金融危机下的新贸易保护主义

金融危机下,全球贸易保护主义再度兴起且愈演愈烈,尤其是中国频遭贸易保护主义侵扰,如何应对贸易保护主义的回归是后危机时代我国经济战略调整的当务之急。我们应坚持＂互利共赢＂的开放战略并坚决反对贸易保护主义;建立预警机制,实现对外贸易保护前置化;充分发挥政府、行业协会的作用应对贸易摩擦;推进自主创新,鼓励企业牢固树立以质取胜的战略意识;积极扩大内需且转出口为内销;进一步调整地方补贴政策;加强国际合作,加快与国际接轨的步伐;加快区域经济一体化建设。