The Canadian Human Rights Tribunal on First Nations Child Welfare: Why if Canada wins, equality and justice lose

Repeated reports indicate that First Nations children on reserve receive less child welfare funding than other children in Canada despite the fact that First Nations children have higher child welfare needs. After the Government of Canada failed to implement two joint solutions to address the inequality, First Nations organizations in Canada filed a human rights complaint alleging that the Government of Canada is discriminating against First Nations children on the basis of race and national ethnic origin. This historic case is now before the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal and marks the first time that Canada has been held to account before a legal body for its current treatment of First Nations children and their families. This opinion article presents the facts leading up to the filing of the human rights case, the grass roots advocacy and legal processes after the complaint was filed, and the implications for: First Nations children, individuals from minority groups, and the moral fabric of the country if the Government of Canada wins the case.     

Decision making in the newsvendor problem: A cross-national laboratory study

In this paper, we conduct a laboratory experiment using the classic newsvendor problem to examine cross-national differences in inventory ordering patterns between Chinese and American decision makers based on a theoretical examination of the role of the Doctrine of the Mean in Chinese decision making. Drawing on the theory of context-dependent preferences (specifically extremeness aversion), we also revisit the flat-maximum hypothesis of Bolton and Katok [12], i.e., “thinning the set of order options leads to newsvendor decisions that achieve a higher proportion of maximum expected profit.” The results show that the “pull-to-center” effect is more prominent for Chinese than Americans, i.e., average order quantities of Chinese subjects are closer to the anchor of mean demand than those of American subjects. Furthermore, we find that thinning the set of order options such that the optimal order quantity is a middle option, not an extreme option in the choice set, leads to better performance in newsvendor decisions, which complements the flat-maximum hypothesis.     

Measuring sport performances under pressure by classification trees with application to basketball shooting

Measuring players'' performance in team sports is fundamental since managers need to evaluate players with respect to the ability to score during crucial moments of the game. Using Classification and Regression Trees (CART) and play-by-play basketball data, we estimate the probabilities to score the shot with respect to a selection of game covariates related to game pressure. We use scoring probabilities to develop a player-specific shooting performance index that takes into account for the difficulty associated to score different types of shots. By applying this procedure to a large sample of 2016–2017 Basketball Champions League (BCL) and 2017–2018 National Basketball Association (NBA) games, we compare the factors affecting shooting performance in Europe and in the United States and we evaluate a selection of players in terms of the proposed shooting performance index with the final aim of providing useful guidelines for the team strategy.     

基于三支决策的黄河流域城市高质量发展研究

高质量发展是现阶段中国经济社会发展的主基调,对新时代全面建成小康社会有着直接影响。运用熵值法构造黄河流域城市高质量发展指标体系,借助基于邻域的三支决策方法划分城市类型,探讨黄河流域枢纽经济圈中不同类型城市的功能与地位,在此基础上,将各类型城市高质量发展机制用时空演化树模型展示出来,找出时空演变过程中关键节点城市发展的规律性。研究发现:(1)黄河流域城市高质量发展水平与时间呈非线性的上升趋势,仍然存在发展不平衡、不充分的地区差异。(2)5类城市高质量发展时空演变总体稳定,在黄河枢纽经济圈中,越处于核心位置的城市,发展质量越高。(3)经济能力是基础,产业创新、人才培养、开放合作、绿色发展是城市实现高质量发展的关键。研究结果丰富了城市类型划分的新方法,为分类施策、区域联动的黄河流域城市管理提供了政策启示,也为后续探索城市间经济社会联系奠定了基础。     

Basic concepts of multiple tests — A survey

It is the purpose of this paper to review the main aspects related to multiple test problems. This concerns among others the particularities of multiple tests as for instance the formulation of restrictions to avoid inconsistent decisions and of criteria to control for a multiple type I error rate. In addition, the basic principles for constructing multiple tests are introduced and their properties are summarized. The paper closes with giving a rough idea of further special multiple test problems and their corresponding test procedures.     

电子商务时代网络体育消费研究

本文通过对体育电子商务的现状、电子商务对体育消费行为产生的影响、体育消费者在电子商务时代购买行为影响因素、体育消费者的消费行为动机以及体育消费者购买行为过程进行阐述和分析,最后提出了电子商务时代针对网络体育消费者的营销策略。     

不同CSR分担模式下的闭环供应链销售努力与定价决策

本文研究考虑企业社会责任(CSR)闭环供应链的定价及销售努力问题,在制造商、零售商以及二者联合承担CSR三种模式下,分析了CSR行为对闭环供应链销售努力及定价策略的影响。研究表明,无论在何种CSR分担模式下,成员企业的CSR行为不仅有利于降低产品价格,提高零售商的销售努力水平、产品销量及废旧产品回收效果,还有效的增加了制造商的社会福利、第三方及系统的总利润。当制造商或零售商单独承担CSR时,第三方及闭环供应链整体的利润均相等且大于二者联合承担CSR时。当制造商和零售商联合承担CSR时,二者的社会福利均大于其单独承担CSR时,且主导零售商的社会福利较之制造商更大。     

Social Care in Old Age: More Than a Funding Problem

There is currently a debate about the future funding of long-term care for old people. Welcome as it is, there is a risk that the focus on finance will obscure equally important questions about who should provide the care and what models of care should be chosen. Many years of research and innovation in the care of the elderly have shown that the effective and efficient provision of simple care services is very difficult to achieve. Social care is at once everyday and peculiarly complex. Some essential characteristics of social care are described which make it unlikely that a solution to the funding problem will improve either the allocation or the outcomes of long-term care.     

高风险、高成本背景下棉农种植决策分析

依据对新疆自治区及新疆生产建设兵团341户棉农调查,通过分别构建Logit二元选择模型,分析在高市场风险、高生产成本等复杂背景下,棉农种植决策差异。研究结果表明,户主年龄、种植面积、亩均成本、棉花单产、种植经验、对成本预期6项指标对兵团及自治区棉农种植决策均有着显著影响。不同的是棉花收入占家庭总收入比重仅在自治区模型中通过显著性检验,而是否机采也仅在兵团模型中通过了显著性检验。文章基于此实证结果并结合相关理论分析,提出促进棉农积极植棉,增收的相关建议。     

Best Practices for Biostatistical Consultation and Collaboration in Academic Health Centers

Given the increasing level and scope of biostatistics expertise needed at academic health centers today, we developed best practices guidelines for biostatistics units to be more effective in providing biostatistical support to their institutions, and in fostering an environment in which unit members can thrive professionally. Our recommendations focus on the key areas of: (1) funding sources and mechanisms; (2) providing and prioritizing access to biostatistical resources; and (3) interacting with investigators. We recommend that the leadership of biostatistics units negotiate for sufficient long-term infrastructure support to ensure stability and continuity of funding for personnel, align project budgets closely with actual level of biostatistical effort, devise and consistently apply strategies for prioritizing and tracking effort on studies, and clearly stipulate with investigators prior to project initiation policies regarding funding, lead time, and authorship.