一个文化、政治、文学命题——解答诺曼·梅勒的《我们为什么参加越南战争?》

通过梳理国外学者对梅勒《我们为什么参加越南战争?》中设问命题的相关论述,本文认为该命题的答案涵盖以下三个部分:续写美国的"荒原——边疆"文化传统、演绎美国的现代政治逻辑、凸现作者的文学批判精神,答案的核心是揭示美国文化帝国主义、霸权思想、殖民意识。该答案是通过将小说放在美国文化的宏观背景中,运用历时和共时双重解析视角的途径获取的。     

中国金融周期特征及其宏观经济效应

合理度量中国的金融周期,准确把握其特征与经济影响,对于维护国家金融安全、保持经济平稳运行具有重要意义。本文首次基于GARCH模型对M2、房价、股价、利率和汇率的缺口值进行动态赋权,进而合成中国的金融状况指数(Financial Conditions Index,FCI)并以此测算中国的金融周期,为尚处于探索期的中国金融周期测度提供了新的方法。在此基础上,采用MS模型分析中国金融周期的特征并首次考察了四区制情形。之后,借助VAR模型考察中国金融周期的宏观经济效应。研究发现:第一,各组成变量在FCI中的相对重要性应时而变,采用基于GARCH模型的动态赋权方法来测算中国的金融周期更加贴合现实;第二,中国金融周期在状态转换上具有较强的惰性,还具有扩张多而收缩少、扩张长而收缩短的双重非对称性特征,而且中国总体金融状况的失衡十分常见;第三,中国金融扩张对于产出仅有为时10个月的短期刺激作用,对于物价上涨则有着长达两年之久的推动作用。     

人民币对朝跨境流动的特点、问题及对策

随着人民币国际影响的不断扩大,在朝鲜外汇资源稀缺、银行对外汇路不通等情况下,结算便利化原则使得人民币成为丹东地区对朝边境贸易结算的首选货币。由于缺乏操作性强的实施细则,增加了人民币反假、反洗钱以及外贸结算、出口退税等方面的难度,在客观上还推动了人民币和外汇现钞黑市交易规模的扩大。同时,由于没有规范有效的监测手段,在边境贸易中使用人民币结算额的不断增大的情况下,对边境地区经济的潜在冲击存在很大的不确定性,因此,银行、海关、税务等相关机构应采取措施,以积极应对。     

法律视角下农村土地规模经营保障机制研究——以黑龙江省为例

随着黑龙江省农村土地规模经营的发展,土地流转机制、社会保障体系、劳动力转移以及政府职能的发挥都呈现出法律的缺失和弱化,如何完善和协调相关法律法规,是推进农村土地规模经营的关键所在。     

农村非纳费型社会养老保险制度实施的纬度

非纳费型农村社会养老保险制度既是甘肃省农村社会养老保险发展的引擎,也是甘肃省根据本地情况确定给付条件与给予方式,并与家庭保障、土地保障等其他保障制度有机结合,形成的有效保险机制。文章就甘肃省农村社会养老保险的实施群体进行了设计。     

An efficient approximate algorithm for the Kolmogorov—Smirnov and Lilliefors tests †

In an earlier paper we presented a linear time algorithm for computing the Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Lilliefors test statistics. In this paper we present a linear time approximate algorithm which requires less memory than the previous algorithm.     

Roles of Organizers and Champions in Building Campus—Community Prevention Partnerships

Objective: A campus—community partnership can be an effective vehicle for launching environmental strategies to prevent college alcohol-related problems. In this study, the authors' primary aim was identifying key factors that facilitate or impede colleges' efforts to build campus—community partnerships. Participants and Methods: From fall 2004 to summer 2006, administrators at five 4-year colleges participated in a multisite case study. Level of partnership development was the primary outcome. Results: Three interrelated factors facilitated higher-developed partnerships: college staff assigned to facilitate the partnerships who worked as community organizers, higherlevel college administrators who served as aggressive champions, and community initiation of the partnership. The authors did not observe this trio of factors among the less-developed partnerships. A lack of administrative support made it more difficult for a champion to emerge, a college administrator who staunchly advocated for a campus—community partnership, and for those assigned to facilitate the partnership to carry out their work. Conclusions: Colleges should appoint higher-level administrators to serve as champions, while also ensuring that those assigned to facilitate a partnership can apply community organizing skills.     

Groping in the Dark

ABSTRACT

Government mandated blackouts precipitated a crisis in the optical consciousness of the American public in the first years of the Second World War. In an effort to foil potential aerial bombardment, citizens were asked to turn off their lights and so break an otherwise unqualified promise of modernization: ubiquitous illumination. After decades of constantly increasing levels of artificial light, blackouts challenged not only nighttime visibility, but spatial perception more generally. Americans discussed ways to adjust to dimmer surroundings, to infer spatial information from non-visual senses and familiarize themselves with nightscapes based on specular rather than geometric properties of surfaces. Although the blackouts lasted only a few years in the USA, they reveal the profile, albeit in negative terms, of how the nation's visual environment was imagined around 1940.     

The anatomy of social network linkages

Social network analysis has developed impressively during the last quarter century, producing a variety of formal models and innumerable field studies. However problems of articulation have developed between the formal models and field studies. This paper is predicated upon the judgement that the solution to this difficulty lies in more (not less) highly elaborated formal models. The aim is to present a means for representing a very broad range of social phenomena using digraphs. Departing from an anatomical investigation of the linkages and nodes of conventionally represented network structures, and from a modified exchange-theoretic concept of sanction, means are presented for conceiving social interaction as flows of sanctions and messages which are depicted as arcs in a diagraph whose nodes represent social actors. Means are also presented for representing value systems, belief systems, and message content in digraph terms. Finally, several implications are discussed of the proposed conception of networks. It is suggested that its employment in the field may increase the range of phenomena formally expressible in network models, without thereby making excessive demands for inaccessible data. Second, means are proposed for experimentally realizing selected digraphs in the small-group laboratory and for coordinating field with laboratory investigations. Third, suggestions are made for integrating social network analysis with a formal decision theory, such as mathematical decision theory or bargaining theory. The result is formal models to which systems theory may be applied as a methodology for system simulations.     

比较蛋白质组研究方法学进展

比较蛋白质组学针对不同空间、不同时间上动态变化着的蛋白质组的整体进行比较,分析不同蛋白质组之间在表达数量、表达水平和修饰状态上的差异,可以发现与病变相关的特异蛋白质,对疾病的诊断和治疗具有重要意义。本文对比较蛋白质组研究在方法学方面的最新进展加以系统综述,引用文献33篇。