电喷雾电离质谱及其在蛋白质化学研究中的应用

本文介绍了电喷雾电离质谱并综述其在蛋白质化学研究中的应用。由于电喷雾电离质谱可产生多电荷峰,因此扩大了检测的分子质量范围,同时灵敏度较高,另外它可与HPLC及高效毛细管电泳分离技术联用,扩大了质谱在蛋白质化学研究中的应用。     

甲午战争中的翁同龢与徐用仪

在晚清政局中,翁同龢的官位、声望、政治品性都远远高于徐用仪。甲午中日战争时,翁、徐二人同为军机大臣,参与机要,翁同龢是帝党主战派的代表,徐用仪是后党主和派的核心人物。在和战问题、割地问题和借款问题上,他们两人政见相左,多次＂动色相争＂。徐用仪被罢斥退出军机和总署,长期以来也被认为是翁同龢所为。大量的史实证明,虽然翁、徐二人政治倾向不同,但徐用仪被罢斥绝非翁同龢授意所为。翁同龢并非完人,徐用仪并非毫无是处。     

泛北部湾旅游企业合作战略分析

随着经济全球化和区域经济的一体化,区域旅游经济的合作与发展也刻不容缓,旅游业发展到一定阶段,也必须打破地方局限性,突破行政和地域区域,走区域旅游合作发展之路。在区域旅游的发展中,旅游企业乃是区域旅游合作的重要主体之一,它将在区域旅游的合作与发展中具有举足轻重的作用。本文主要从泛北部湾区域合作的微观主体—旅游企业入手,分析泛北部湾区域旅游企业发展之路,加强泛北部湾区域旅游企业的合作,以促进泛北部湾旅游实力的大增强。     

我国产业结构变迁中的生产率增长效应分析

分阶段考察产业结构变迁效应对生产率增长的贡献。首先利用传统的份额—转换法对劳动生产率增长进行分解,考察劳动要素转移对生产率增长的贡献;接着引入资本要素对全要素生产率增长进行分解,充分考察资本要素以及劳动要素转移对生产率增长的影响,又进一步考察在Verdoorn效应下产业结构变迁对全要素生产率增长的影响。结论表明劳动转移和资本转移存在明显的阶段特征,劳动转移一直存在＂结构红利＂现象,资本转移效应在近些年才开始出现＂结构红利＂现象;与结构效应相比,产业内部增长效应是生产率增长的主要源泉。     

A comparison of biased regression estimators using a pitman nearness criterion

Biased regression estimators have traditionally benn studied using the Mean Square Error (MSE) criterion. Usually these comparisons have been based on the sum of the MSE's of each of the individual parameters, i.e., a scaler valued measure that is the trace of the MSE matrix. However, since this summed MSE does not consider the covariance structure of the estimators, we propose the use of a Pitman Measure of Closeness (PMC) criterion (Keating and Gupta, 1984; Keating and Mason, 1985). In this paper we consider two versions of PMC. One of these compares the estimates and the other compares the resultant predicted values for 12 different regression estimators. These estimators represent three classes of estimators, namely, ridge, shrunken, and principal component estimators. The comparisons of these estimators using the PMC criteria are contrasted with the usual MSE criteria as well as the prediction mean square error. Included in the estimators is a relatively new estimator termed the generalized principal component estimator proposed by Jolliffe. This estimator has previously received little attention in the literature.     

Latin America's recovery from debt problems: An assessment of model-based projections

This paper examines economic assumptions used in assessing prospective economic adjustment of Latin America in response to its debt problems. The analysis compares forecasts obtained by combining parameter estimates from different researchers' trade models with the authors' macroeconomic models for Brazil. Chile, and Mexico. The influence of econometric procedure on simulation results is discussed. Then, by simulation analysis, the following issues are addressed: (1) likelihood of high domestic growth rates for Latin America in the late 1980s; (2) whether OECD growth or interest rates have a larger impact on developing-country economies; (3) effects of dollar depreciation and high interest rates on Latin America's debt problems.     

Pseudo maximum-likelihood estimation of the univariate GARCH (1,1) and asymptotic properties

One provides in this paper the pseudo-likelihood estimator (PMLE) and asymptotic theory for the GARCH (1,1) process. Strong consistency of the pseudo-maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE) is established by appealing to conditions given in Jeantheau (1998) concerning the existence of a stationary and ergodic solution to the multivariate GARCH (p, q) process. One proves the asymptotic normality of the PMLE by appealing to martingales' techniques.     

清代至民国时期晋中南地区土地价格的变化趋势及其原因分析

清代至民国时期晋中南地区的土地价格升降变化较大:清初经济凋敝地价较低,乾隆至道光年间地价持续上涨,道光年间达到高峰,此后地价不断下降,至光绪年间跌入谷底。地价的升降变化是经济、政治和自然灾害等多种因素影响的结果。     

How native cultural values influence African journalists’ perceptions of China: in-depth interviews with journalists of Baganda descent in Uganda

Closer economic and political ties between China and Africa have contributed to the increasingly complicated image of China held on the African continent. With the help of in-depth interviews with 20 journalists of Baganda descent in the Kingdom of Buganda in the East African country of Uganda, this article draws comparisons between Chinese and Ganda cultures to examine how native cultural values shape the ways Ugandan journalists perceive China and China-related affairs. Because of the emphasis in both cultures on respect for “authority”, China’s authoritarian state-capitalism is a significant negative factor contributing to China’s image. However, the main source of conflict is the chasm between the isolated, closed-minded, racist expatriate Chinese community and the native culture in Buganda that cherished diversity. This study calls for more Sino–African research on a micro level, based on native culture outside the usual politico–economic frameworks.