Classification of Higher-order Data with Separable Covariance and Structured Multiplicative or Additive Mean Models

Although devised in 1936 by Fisher, discriminant analysis is still rapidly evolving, as the complexity of contemporary data sets grows exponentially. Our classification rules explore these complexities by modeling various correlations in higher-order data. Moreover, our classification rules are suitable to data sets where the number of response variables is comparable or larger than the number of observations. We assume that the higher-order observations have a separable variance-covariance matrix and two different Kronecker product structures on the mean vector. In this article, we develop quadratic classification rules among g different populations where each individual has κth order (κ ≥2) measurements. We also provide the computational algorithms to compute the maximum likelihood estimates for the model parameters and eventually the sample classification rules.     

明代五开卫“华款”初探——兼论明代汉侗民族关系与文化交流

华款是明代五开卫等地汉族移民效仿侗款而结成的民间武装组织。明中叶,华款的活动呈现出两个特点,一是遇命案按照侗款款约处理,二是联合侗款共同打击五开卫官员的腐败统治。明朝末年,随着地方叛乱的增长,官方比照侗款推广华款,使之成为整合地方各种武装力量的重要组织形式。侗款不仅是侗族社会重要的文化现象,而且也深刻影响到周边汉族社会。这对我们反思明代汉侗民族关系与文化交流具有重要的启发意义。     

对狄金森一首诗歌的功能语篇分析

文章以韩礼德构建的系统功能语法理论为框架,对狄金森的代表作之一：I Heard a Fly Buzz—When I Died进行语篇分析,从而归纳狄金森诗歌的语篇特点,同时也验证系统功能语法在语篇分析中的可适用性。     

维生素E软胶囊含量测定的新方法

建立毛细管气相色谱法测定维生素E软胶囊中维生素E含量的新方法。采用DB-1大口径毛细管柱,以十六酸十六醇酯为内标进行定量和以醋酸乙酯为溶剂。维生素E的线性范围为0.5￣2.5mg·mL-1(r=0.9995),精密度为0.82%(n=6),回收率为99.6%。本法简单,准确,重现性好。     

Linguistic affinity and achieved geographic mobility: evidence from the recognition of non-national social work qualifications in Ireland and the UK1

This article presents statistics from the national authorities of two EU countries responsible for the recognition of non-national social work qualifications: Ireland and the United Kingdom. This material is drawn upon in an attempt to identify the role of linguistic affinity in relation to the geographic mobility of social work graduates.     

The Right Tools for the Right Job: Social Work Students Learning Community Development

The place of community development within social work varies across nations and time. The tensions in the 1970s in the UK gave way to decades when social work has been dominated by issues relating to protecting and caring for individuals. We now have a resurgence of community development activity, bringing together varied disciplines such as urban planning and health promotion as well as social work. Within the UK there are now requirements for community development knowledge and skills within qualifying social work training. This paper reflects on experiences in promoting community development practice learning in social work qualifying placements within Health and Social Care Trusts in Northern Ireland. Issues are raised about the diversity and complexity of expectations on qualifying training, and the challenges that face universities, colleges and employing organisations in developing practice learning in this curriculum area. The prospects for improving community development learning within both qualifying and post qualifying education and training are considered particularly in the light of inter-professional and inter-organisational initiatives that put community development in the context of health promotion, housing, crime, poverty and other social issues that might be addressed at community level to improve the health and social well-being of citizens.     

Review of Five Multilevel Analysis Programs: BMDP-5V,GENMOD, HLM,ML3, VARCL

A class of statistics is introduced for testing stochastic ordering between two independent distributions. This class includes as a special case the celebrated Mann—Whitney—Wilcoxon statistic. The new class is shown to be asymptotically normal both under the null and nonnull hypotheses. It is distribution-free. Using Pitman's asymptotic efficacy it is shown that for some alternatives the Mann—Whitney—Wilcoxon statistic is the member with the highest efficacy, although for others it is not, and the member with the highest efficacy is identified.     

苦豆子种子中挥发油成分的分析

分别采用水蒸气蒸馏法（SD）和索氏提取法（SE）对宁夏地区苦豆子种子挥发油进行了提取,利用GC/MS比较分析了挥发油的化学成分,峰面积归一法得出各化学成分在挥发油中的百分含量。SD法共分离出29个色谱峰,鉴定出27种物质,占总峰面积的91.53%;SE法共分离出28个色谱峰,鉴定出23种物质,占总峰面积的98.61%。     

我国工业制成品的国际竞争力分析

我国工业制成品出口呈显著增长趋势并在出口贸易总额中占据绝对优势,其国际竞争力水平的高低成为人们普遍关心的问题。本文运用市场占有率、竞争优势指数、显示性比较优势指数及显示性对称比较优势指数等指标对我国工业制成品中的劳动密集型产品和资本、技术密集型产品进行实证分析,详细考察了近10年来出口工业制成品国际竞争力水平的变化趋势及特点,并提出贸易结构优化的合理方向。     

Securing permanence for children in care: A cross-country analysis of citizen's view on adoption versus foster care

If children in child protection cannot be cared for by their natural parents, should they be adopted or live in foster home? Results from a study of representative samples of populations (n = 12 330), in eight European countries—Austria, England, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Ireland, Norway and Spain—and California, USA, reveal that people would recommend adoption over foster care, if a child in public care cannot grow up with their natural parent(s). There are cross-country differences between populations, and examining if institutional context such as type of child protection system explains differences, we find that child maltreatment-oriented systems are more supportive of adoption than other types of systems. Citizens having little confidence in the child protection system were only weakly correlated with preference for adoption. In conclusion, people prefer adoption as placement options for children in care are more than foster homes, and possible this finding reflects a sort of refamalialization of children into the private sphere.