A modified two-sample t-test based on permutation method for large-scale data

In large-scale data, for example, analyzing microarray data, which includes hypothesis testing for equality of means in order to discover differentially expressed genes, often deals with a large number of features versus a few number of replicates. Furthermore, some genes are differentially expressed and some others not. Thus, a usual permutation method, which is applied facing these situations, estimates the p-value poorly. This is because two types of genes are mixed. To overcome this obstacle, the null permutation samples are suggested in the literatures. We propose a modified uniformly most powerful unbiased test for testing the null hypothesis.     

Nonparametric modeling of the gap time in recurrent event data

Recurrent event data arise in many biomedical and engineering studies when failure events can occur repeatedly over time for each study subject. In this article, we are interested in nonparametric estimation of the hazard function for gap time. A penalized likelihood model is proposed to estimate the hazard as a function of both gap time and covariate. Method for smoothing parameter selection is developed from subject-wise cross-validation. Confidence intervals for the hazard function are derived using the Bayes model of the penalized likelihood. An eigenvalue analysis establishes the asymptotic convergence rates of the relevant estimates. Empirical studies are performed to evaluate various aspects of the method. The proposed technique is demonstrated through an application to the well-known bladder tumor cancer data.     

Combination tests for the equality of the covariance matrices of two dependent bivariate normals

To test the equality of the covariance matrices of two dependent bivariate normals, we derive five combination tests using the Simes method. We compare the performance of these tests using simulation to each other and to the competing tests. In particular, simulations show that one of the combination tests has the best performance in terms of controlling the type I error rate even for small samples with similar power compared to other tests. We also apply the recommended test to real data from a crossover bioavailability study.     

外商直接投资对我国东西部之间发展差距的影响

作者认为,FDI扩大了我国西部与东部的发展差距。因此,国家应当对进入西部外商包括东部FDI企业给予优惠政策,提高西部FDI吸收能力,以抑制西部与东部的发展差距进一步扩大。     

'INFORMATION SOCIETY' AS THEORY OR IDEOLOGY: A CRITICAL PERSPECTIVE IN TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION AND EMPLOYMENT IN THE INFORMATION AGE

This paper argues that the concept of Information Society fails as theory because it is internally incoherent and unsupported by evidence. Its current popularity within policy discourse can only be understood ideologically. In particular it is argued that one of the drivers of current policy towards higher education is based upon the supposed growth of knowledge work linked to a theory of human capital formation as crucial to international competitiveness and to an explanation of unemployment in terms of a skills gap. The paper goes on to argue that current labour market indicators and research into the skills gap do not support this policy thrust and that a better explanation of the current push towards the creation of virtual universities is the desire to cut educational labour costs rather than to upgrade the economic status of so-called knowledge workers.     

Reliability analysis for gap null gate based on model comparison criterion

The length of the gap is the key factor affecting its reliability. Based on the mechanism of the gap null gate, this paper regards the two endpoint thresholds of the gap length as bivariate random variables and establishes successful response models. Score test statistic is presented to test the correlation coefficient. The DIC criterion is also provided to compare the models. With the experimental data of the gap null gate, we build Probit model and Logit model as the successful response models, and prove that the correlation coefficients in the both models can be regarded as 0. By comparing the DIC value, we find that the Probit model is more suitable to describe the distribution of the endpoint thresholds of the reliability window. Finally, both the point estimation and interval estimation results of the reliability window are given to illustrate the feasibility of the method shown in the paper.     

政府统计与统计教育

通过对改革开放30年来政府统计对大学毕业生专业、学历层次及毕业院校需求的结构分析,以及当前社会关注的统计热点问题的讨论,反思统计教育存在的问题,并提出提高统计教育质量的建议。     

不同产出缺口界定与估算的新方法：一个结构性表述

文章采用结构方程方法,通过构建动态随机一般均衡模型对效率产出缺口、自然律产出缺口以及基于劳动力市场的GGL产出缺口进行了估算,并在此基础上比较了基于结构方程方法估算的产出缺口与基于单变量或单方程方法估算的产出缺口。研究发现,由于结构方程方法完整的反映出变量之间相互作用的机制,进而使得对于产出缺口的估算而言,结构方程方法可能优于单变量或单方程方法。     

社会安全阀机制与贫富差距调适

当前,我国贫富差距较大已是一客观不争的社会事实。社会安全阀机制则起着调适贫富差距的作用,从而缓解了贫富差距所可能导致的利益和社会冲突,维持和促进了社会的稳定与发展。研究立足于贫富差距较大的客观现实,着重对现有社会安全阀机制进行分析,并指出在健全和完善相应社会安全阀机制的基础上消除较大的贫富差距。     

中国居民家庭夫妻收入差异研究

居民家庭是组成整个社会的基本单位,居民家庭夫妻之间的收入差异是了解全社会性别收入差异的重要指标,但却少有研究对此关注。本文采用CHNS2000和2009年数据,对我国居民家庭夫妻间收入差异和全社会性别收入差距进行了动态比较研究,发现夫妻间收入差距远大于全社会不同性别间收入差距,基于Mincer收入方程和Oaxaca分解实证法揭示了“门当户对”观念和“婚姻梯度”现象双重作用下夫妻间收入差距与全社会性别收入差异不同的形成机理,并得出一系列有意义的结论。