Mitigating the effect of risk conditions on supply disruptions: the role of manufacturing postponement enablers

While previous published studies have evaluated the drivers of supply disruptions, only a few have empirically investigated the role of manufacturing postponement enablers as mitigating practices. This work explores the complex interaction between supply disruptions (i.e. supplier failure, purchase unavailability), risk conditions (i.e. antecedents that positively influence the probability and severity of supply disruptions) and manufacturing postponement enablers (i.e. product and process modularity). Specifically, we aim at understanding ‘when’ manufacturing postponement enablers should be adopted the most and ‘if’ their adoption can fully mitigate the effect risk conditions exert on supply disruptions’ probability and severity. To achieve our objective, we developed a conceptual model, and we tested it using survey data from 54 Italian manufacturing companies. The results show that supply market difficulty and technological uncertainty imply a higher probability and severity of disruptions associated with supplier failure and purchase unavailability. Most importantly, we provide evidence of the role played by product and process modularity in fully mitigating the effect of technological uncertainty on supply disruptions.     

高校教师教学质量综合评价方法的研究与实践

开展教师教学质量评价,可以客观地了解学校的教学工作状态,及时发现教学工作中存在的问题,为推进学校的教学改革,加强教学管理提供依据;完善的教学质量综合评价是复杂的系统工程,本文从教学质量影响因素、评价功能分析、评价原则确定、评价指标设定、评价主体选择等视角展开分析,并对高校教学质量综合评价的实践作初步的探索。     

如何搞好生产实习

在工科院校生产实习中,通过在实习准备、实习内容的整合、实习要求、实习基地的建设等方面的研究探索,使学生对生产实习的认识由表及里,由浅入深,由感性认识上升到了理性认识,使生产实习取得了较大的成效。     

新疆与浙江民营经济人力资源问题比较与经验借鉴

文章从人力资源开发利用的角度出发,分析比较了新疆与浙江民营经济发展差距中的人力资源因素。提出应借鉴浙江经验,积极提升新疆民营经济人力资源的素质。主要是:加大基础教育投资,以提高人力资源整体实力;大力发展中等职业教育,以提高从业人员技能;重视在职教育,提升从业人员素质。     

论余秋雨散文的文化态度取向

余秋雨散文的文化态度取向表现在四个方面:第一,以人类历史为价值坐标去对待各种文化现象;第二,用诚实的、理性的方法进行历史文化的逻辑推演;第三,关注群体文化人格;第四,关注处于隐秘状态的文化现象.     

A Model of Hygiene Practices and Consumption Patterns in the Consumer Phase

A mathematical model is presented, which addresses individual hygiene practices during food preparation and consumption patterns in private homes. Further, the model links food preparers and consumers based on their relationship to household types. For different age and gender groups, the model estimates (i) the probability of ingesting a meal where precautions have not been taken to avoid the transfer of microorganisms from raw food to final meal (a risk meal), exemplified by the event that the cutting board was not washed during food preparation, and (ii) the probability of ingesting a risk meal in a private home, where chicken was the prepared food item (a chicken risk meal). Chicken was included in the model, as chickens are believed to be the major source of human exposure to the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter. Monte Carlo simulations showed that the probability of ingesting a risk meal was highest for young males (aged 18-29 years) and lowest for the elderly above 60 years of age. Children aged 0-4 years had a higher probability of ingesting a risk meal than children aged 5-17 years. This difference between age and gender groups was ascribed to the variations in the hygiene levels of food preparers. By including the probability of ingesting a chicken meal at home, simulations revealed that all age groups, except the group above 60 years of age, had approximately the same probability of ingesting a chicken risk meal, the probability of females being slightly higher than that of males. The simulated results show that the probability of ingesting a chicken risk meal at home does not only depend on the hygiene practices of the persons preparing the food, but also on the consumption patterns of consumers, and the relationship between people preparing and ingesting food. This finding supports the need of including information on consumer behavior and preparation hygiene in the consumer phase of exposure assessments.     

构建科学发展的现代企业人才效益观及其评价体系

人才资源是第一资源。但我国当前人才浪费现象触目惊心。必须认真探讨树立科学发展的现代企业人才效益观,规避当前竞聘中种种误区,在创建人才效益过程中做到真正意义的趋利避害。这里的关键是树立科学发展的现代企业人才效益观,建立人才效益的科学评价体系。这对于促进以人为本,进一步发挥人的聪明才智,发挥人才的社会贡献,必将产生积极的作用。     

科技型企业的绩效考评

绩效考评是人力资源管理的一项重要内容,绩效考评制度则是企业制度化管理的一个体现。它体现企业对员工提高绩效的导向和企业有效激励的成果。文章结合人力资源开发与管理的基本理论,以工作成果、工作态度为导向设计安徽省某科技型企业的绩效考评制度,力图使绩效考评更加有利于企业整体绩效的提高。     

Robin M. Williams Lecture, 1994: Taking society seriously

Civil society provides essential balance to the rising power of national states and market economies. Particularly in the United States, however, the economy and state are squeezing civil society, with negative consequences. One result is that market rationality supplants other moralities, with attendant changes in social practices. Examples are offered from education, health care, and federal tax policy. All three legs of the metaphorical social tripod of civil society, economy, and the state need to be strong. Institutions of civil society sustain individuals and societies, but require structural and cultural support if they are to complement and counterbalance the logic and practices of economy and state.This paper was presented as the First Annual Robin M. Williams, Jr., Lecture at the University of Delaware, February 24, 1994; the Eastern Sociological Society annual meeting, Baltimore, Maryland, March 19, 1994; and the University of North Carolina, Greensboro, North Carolina, March 28, 1994.     

环太湖区域协同创新模式研究--以嘉兴市为例

环太湖地区江浙两省五市几年来创新发展积累的成果,为下一步全面开展区域化的协同创新奠定了坚实的基础。但仍存在创新服务体系不全、创新活力不足、协同路径单一以及区域核心形象不突出等问题。为打破协同创新存在的区域樊篱和鸿沟,环太湖地区应顺应区域经济一体化发展趋势,重点从激活创新资源、完善创新机制、营造创新环境等方面重构创新模式。借鉴美国、欧盟、中关村等国内外先进地区的成功经验,“‘政产学研金介用’架构性创新＋区域联动共建创新平台核心形象＋接轨上海开展跨区域合作”的路径将是环太湖区域协同创新最优且可行的模式。