A new look at clustering coefficients with generalization to weighted and multi-faction networks

In this paper we propose a new method for studying local and global clustering in networks employing random walk pairs. The method is intuitive and directly generalizes standard local and global clustering coefficients to weighted networks and networks containing nodes of multiple types. In the case of two-mode networks the values obtained for commonly considered social networks are in sharp contrast to those obtained, for instance, by the method of Opsahl (2013), and provide a different viewpoint for clustering. The approach is also applicable in questions related to the general study of segregation and homophily. Applications to existent data sets are considered.     

‘It is not fair that you do not know we have problems’: Perceptual distance and the consequences of male leaders' conflict avoidance behaviours

This study investigates perceptual distance in terms of managers' conflict avoidance behaviour and its consequences for subordinates. We argue that perceptual distance, or the disagreement between a manager's perception and that of his or her subordinates of his or her conflict avoidance, is a genuine phenomenon. We examine the extent to which the perceptual distance regarding managers' avoidance behaviour influences a team's justice climate as well as the role of gender. The data collected from three multinational companies in China show that the perceptual distance of a male manager's avoidance behaviour exists and that it is associated with a negative justice climate within the team. These findings provide evidence of gender's effect on leadership and highlight the benefits of female leadership.     

知识流空间与高速铁路

知识流空间是借助信息技术和高速交通快速获得知识的组织体现,也是实现区域协调发展的有效手段。高速铁路是实现知识流的媒介,区别信息通信技术之处在于实现人的流动。高铁作为政府的公共政策,促进了面对面交流层面的知识流,而且通过影响人力资本流动、促进产业集聚与扩散、吸引投资、站区开发等方面影响了区域间知识流的结构,同时改变了区域间的知识联系强度。必须通过合理的政策手段完善高速铁路对知识流的影响。     

发展现代远程教育 促进河北学习型社会建设

文章在论述了现代远程教育的特点和学习型社会的特征,分析了我省现代远程教育发展现状的基础上,提出了发展现代远程教育,促进河北学习型社会建设的应着力抓好的几项工作。     

Inference in Censored Models with Endogenous Regressors

This paper analyzes the linear regression model y = xβ+ε with a conditional median assumption med (ε| z) = 0, where z is a vector of exogenous instrument random variables. We study inference on the parameter β when y is censored and x is endogenous. We treat the censored model as a model with interval observation on an outcome, thus obtaining an incomplete model with inequality restrictions on conditional median regressions. We analyze the identified features of the model and provide sufficient conditions for point identification of the parameter β. We use a minimum distance estimator to consistently estimate the identified features of the model. We show that under point identification conditions and additional regularity conditions, the estimator based on inequality restrictions is normal and we derive its asymptotic variance. One can use our setup to treat the identification and estimation of endogenous linear median regression models with no censoring. A Monte Carlo analysis illustrates our estimator in the censored and the uncensored case.     

英语虚拟式的隐喻认知模式

虚拟式表现了现实与虚拟之间的一种“距离”,距离的产生必然会导致空间的转移和时间的推移,反映在虚拟式的语法结构中就是时态的变化。建构英语虚拟式的语法结构与人类经验结构的“像似性”,得出语法结构在一定程度上是符合人的认知规律并受其制约或支配的。     

二氧化碳约束下中国主要工业省区的能源技术效率

基于方向性环境距离函数,选择中国13个主要工业省区2002--2009年数据,对C02约束下各省区在规模报酬不变（CRS）和规模报酬可变（VRS）两模型下的能源技术效率进行测算。研究发现：总体上在考虑了CO2约束后,中国主要工业省区在生产前沿上的数目增多与测算所得能源技术效率明显高于不考虑有CO2的情形;VRS下得到的能源技术效率高于CRS下的效率;在最大化减少要素投入和C02的同时,增加期望产出得到的效率值最高,而只考虑个别变量所得效率值表现出普遍的无效率性;加快经济增长方式转变,调整产业结构、能源结构和绿色能源技术开发已成为工业发展的必然选择。     

Asymptotically optimal Berry-Esseen-type bounds for distributions with an absolutely continuous part

Recursive and closed form upper bounds are offered for the Kolmogorov and the total variation distance between the standard normal distribution and the distribution of a standardized sum of n independent and identically distributed random variables. The method employed is a modification of the method of compositions along with Zolotarev's ideal metric. The approximation error in the CLT obtained vanishes at a rate O(n^−k/2+1), provided that the common distribution of the summands possesses an absolutely continuous part, and shares the same k−1 (k?3) first moments with the standard normal distribution. Moreover, for the first time, these new uniform Berry-Esseen-type bounds are asymptotically optimal, that is, the ratio of the true distance to the respective bound converges to unity for a large class of distributions of the summands. Thus, apart from the correct rate, the proposed error estimates incorporate an optimal asymptotic constant (factor). Finally, three illustrative examples are presented along with numerical comparisons revealing that the new bounds are sharp enough even to be used in practical statistical applications.     

区域低碳发展指数建模——基于中国30省份的实证分析

区域低碳发展指数对于客观度量和对比不同地区的低碳发展水平具有重要的参考价值。综合空间距离法与人类发展指数的构建思路,从区域低碳经济、区域低碳能源效率、区域低碳环境三个维度构建了区域低碳发展指数模型,并运用中国30个省份2005-2011年的实际数据,对各区域的低碳发展水平进行了动态分析和地区差异对比研究,结果表明:样本期内低碳发展平均水平北京最高,宁夏最低;全国低碳发展水平稳中有升,但地区间的不平衡性有加剧的趋势;排名前30%的地区低碳发展差异性在缩小,排名后30%的地区之间不平衡性则逐渐趋于稳定;东部经济区的低碳发展水平最高,其次是中部和西部;聚类结果表明,按照低碳发展水平将各地区分为高、中、低三类是比较合适的。