Nonparametric tests of hypotheses for umbrella alternatives

The author proposes a general method for constructing nonparametric tests of hypotheses for umbrella alternatives. Such alternatives are relevant when the treatment effect changes in direction after reaching a peak. The author's class of tests is based on the ranks of the observations. His general approach consists of defining two sets of rankings: the first is induced by the alternative and the other by the data itself. His test statistic measures the distance between the two sets. The author determines the asymptotic distribution for some special cases of distances under both the null and the alternative hypothesis when the location of the peak is known or unknown. He shows the good power of his tests through a limited simulation study     

Ranking opportunity sets in the space of functionings

We develop a ranking of compact, convex and comprehensive opportunity sets defined in the evaluative space of individual functionings. We suppose the existence of a target, that is a multi-dimensional bliss point in terms of functionings. This leads us to define concepts such as essentiality and freedomin a novel way. As a main result, we give an axiomatic characterization of the ranking obtained by minimizing the Euclidean distance between each opportunity set and the target.     

基于模糊数学的人力资源岗位匹配度研究

目前我国要建立并完善科学的社会化的人才评价机制,迫切要求广大企事业单位用科学、透明、公正的方法评价人力资源与岗位的匹配程度。为此,在构建人力资源岗位匹配度相关指标体系的基础上,运用360度模糊综合评价模型对人力资源岗位匹配度进行定量研究,并借鉴期望观点和空间两点距离观点对评价结果进行综合分析,以实现上述目标。     

远程学习的基本特征

远程学习者与传统学习者相比,就素质而言具有差异性,就环境而言具有个体性,就模式而言具有自主性,就学习规律而言具有通过媒体的互动性。远程学习的这些特性要求学习者内部具有知识准备、积极的学习动机和正确的学习策略,外部拥有高效率的媒体设施和丰富的学习资源。     

多重审美感受的整合--多恩诗歌情感张力的建构

英国玄学派代表诗人多恩诗歌具有如下艺术特色 :理性与感性相结合 ,激情与哲理相并重。多恩诗歌建构的情感张力能使读者在欣赏过程中经过多重审美感受的整合 ,体味到玄远的诗境     

网络教学模式探讨

网络教育给教学带来了崭新的机遇, 与传统远程教学相比, 网络教育在教学中具有显著优势,表现出趣味性、个性化、互动性、智能性、主创性五大特点。其教学模式更加灵活, 可供选择的主要有讲授型模式、个性化自主学习模式、协作学习模式。     

Theory & Methods: Incomplete detection in enumeration surveys: Whither distance sampling?

This paper considers the problem of undercount or incomplete detection in enumeration surveys that are intended to estimate population counts or population abundance. The problem is widespread in ecology but also occurs in other surveys: the census undercount is a well-known example of the problem. After framing the problem in a general context, the paper focuses on line transect sampling and the distance sampling method which has been widely applied in surveys of ecological populations. It describes distance sampling data and presents a graphical derivation of the distance sampling estimator. The graphical analysis leads to a new expression for the distance sampling estimator which gives useful insights into the nature of the estimator. The paper discusses the uniformity assumption on which distance sampling depends and describes the properties of the distance sampling estimator when uniformity does not hold. It then explores the relationship between this and other evaluations of distance sampling and mentions briefly some statistical ideas for treating the general incomplete detection problem. The paper concludes with some reflections on general insights arising from the research.     

随机约束条件下线性回归模型中的Cook距离

本文建立了随机约束条件下线性回归模型中的Cook距离,讨论了它的统计性质,并找到了它与相关系数、复相关系数及广义相关系数之间的关系。     

Testing the Goodness of Fit of Parametric Regression Models with Random Toeplitz Forms

ABSTRACT: We introduce a class of Toeplitz‐band matrices for simple goodness of fit tests for parametric regression models. For a given length r of the band matrix the asymptotic optimal solution is derived. Asymptotic normality of the corresponding test statistic is established under a fixed and random design assumption as well as for linear and non‐linear models, respectively. This allows testing at any parametric assumption as well as the computation of confidence intervals for a quadratic measure of discrepancy between the parametric model and the true signal g;. Furthermore, the connection between testing the parametric goodness of fit and estimating the error variance is highlighted. As a by‐product we obtain a much simpler proof of a result of 34 ) concerning the optimality of an estimator for the variance. Our results unify and generalize recent results by 9 ) and 15 , 16 ) in several directions. Extensions to multivariate predictors and unbounded signals are discussed. A simulation study shows that a simple jacknife correction of the proposed test statistics leads to reasonable finite sample approximations.     

Discovering influential cases in linear regression with MINITAB: Peeking into multidimensions with a MINITAB macro

Various diagnostic statistics have been proposed to help identify cases that markedly affect, or influence, the features of a fitted linear regression model. Once influential cases are found, decisions can be made regarding their worth in the model building process. Since a subject data set may contain both singly influential cases and influential multiple case subsets, the capability to assess the joint influence of cases is needed for a complete analysis. The aim of this work is to briefly review Cook’s distance measure for multiple cases, an effective diagnostic for this purpose, and present a method using it to search for influential multiple case subsets. The method is applied in two example analyses by way of a MINITAB Statistical Software macro.