唐代文学中灾异观念的表现

灾异观念是天人感应学说的重要内容,唐人因为推崇汉朝,对来自汉朝的思想观念接受较多,灾异观念在唐代甚为流行,其表现形式与汉朝略有不同。对文学创作的影响主要表现在政论、对策和诗歌中,该观念对唐代文学的作用小于瑞应和封禅。     

隐喻的互动“比较”与翻译

从本质上来说,翻译是一种认知活动。隐喻是人类语言的普遍现象和重要认知机制。隐喻通过事物间互动“比较”而产生,这种“比较”或以相似性为基础,或以创造相似来进行。探讨翻译思维的互动“比较”本质,意识到翻译过程是译者在原语与译语之间进行的互动“比较”的隐喻性认知过程,无疑会有助于把握翻译实质和提高翻译质量。     

区域性高校为地方经济社会发展服务探析

区域高校与地方经济社会关系密切。为地方经济和社会发展服务,是区域高校基本职能之一。高等教育与地方区域通过互动,求得双赢和发展,已成为一种必然趋势。区域性高校为地方经济社会发展服务的实现途径为：以区域经济社会发展为导向,培养各类应用型人才;发挥高校科研资源优势,提高区域创新能力;依托高校的“文化中心”功能,引领区域软实力的提升。     

城乡老年人生活需求满足状况及其对生活满意度的影响——以贵阳市1518份问卷调查为例

利用2010年8月对贵阳市1 518份60岁及以上老年人的调查数据,分析了老年人在经济支持、医疗保健、生活照料、精神慰藉、社会交往和居住安排6个方面生活需求的满足状况,并将它们作为老年人生活满意度的影响因素纳入多元回归分析模型,分析结果发现:经济支持的满足程度是影响老年人生活满意度的最强变量,居住安排没有影响,其他4个方面的影响强度依次是:生活照料、医疗保健、社会交往、精神慰藉。从城乡来看,经济支持的满足程度是影响城镇老年人生活满意度的最强变量,但影响农村老年人生活满意度最强的变量则是生活照料。     

钱谦益与朱鹤龄交往考论

钱谦益和朱鹤龄均为清初的著名学者,同为苏州人士。两人因相近的民族立场和学术旨趣走到一起,合作笺注杜诗达七年之久,但数年之后却因立场和学术分歧反目成仇,演成当时学界有一定影响的公案。文章试图通过二人交往的排比分析,发覆其交好和交恶的真相,揭示二人交往对清初学术的影响。     

浅论英语口语互动式教学法(英文)

本文引入了互动式英语口语教学法。此教学法倡导学生之间,学生和老师之间进行积极的互动,英语教师应改变他们在教学中的角色,牢记学生是中心和教学目的,教师的主要任务是创造一个真实的环境,提高学生互动性学习兴趣,进行仔细的课堂设计和准备。     

Understanding the 2001 UK census migration and commuting data: the effect of small cell adjustment and problems of comparison with 1991

Summary.  Origin–destination statistics have been produced from the last three UK censuses. The paper describes what is new about the 2001 census interaction data on migration and commuting, considers the disclosure control methods that were applied to cells containing small values and demonstrates the problems that are associated with making comparisons with 1991 data. The effect of small cell adjustment procedures on the interaction data sets is investigated by means of selective analyses at different spatial scales. Some recommendations are made in light of the problems that were manifest in 2001.     

Navigating choices when applying multiple imputation in the presence of multi-level categorical interaction effects

Multiple imputation (MI) is an appealing option for handling missing data. When implementing MI, however, users need to make important decisions to obtain estimates with good statistical properties. One such decision involves the choice of imputation model–the joint modeling (JM) versus fully conditional specification (FCS) approach. Another involves the choice of method to handle interactions. These include imputing the interaction term as any other variable (active imputation), or imputing the main effects and then deriving the interaction (passive imputation). Our study investigates the best approach to perform MI in the presence of interaction effects involving two categorical variables. Such effects warrant special attention as they involve multiple correlated parameters that are handled differently under JM and FCS modeling. Through an extensive simulation study, we compared active, passive and an improved passive approach under FCS, as JM precludes passive imputation. We additionally compared JM and FCS techniques using active imputation. Performance between active and passive imputation was comparable. The improved passive approach proved superior to the other two particularly when the number of parameters corresponding to the interaction was large. JM without rounding and FCS using active imputation were also mostly comparable, with JM outperforming FCS when the number of parameters was large. In a direct comparison of JM active and FCS improved passive, the latter was the clear winner. We recommend improved passive imputation under FCS along with sensitivity analyses to handle multi-level interaction terms.     

Dual-earner families in Finland: Differences between and within families in relation to work and family experiences

The aims of the study were to create a typology of dual-earner families, based on mothers' and fathers' reports on vocational education, job involvement, and job exhaustion, and to investigate differences between the groups in family functioning, and work-family interface experiences. The study was carried out by means of questionnaires among 133 dual-earner couples with children under 18 years of age living at home. In creating the typology cluster analysis was used as a statistical procedure. In the analysis five groups emerged that were distinguished by both between-group and within-parent differences in the clustering variables: (1) low-status dual-earner families, (2) low-job-exhausted and low-job-involved dual-earner families, (3) dual-earner families with high-status and highly job-exhausted mothers, (4) dual-earner families with highly job-exhausted fathers, and (5) dual-earner families with high-status and highly job-involved fathers. Group membership was related to the characteristics of family life, and to the evaluations of work-family interaction as well as other job characteristics, thus indicating ecological validity for the family typology created. It seemed that a high level of job exhaustion, in particular, was linked to problems in family functioning. Les objectifs poursuivis dans l'analyse qui suit ont été de créer une typologie des familles à double revenu, typologie basée sur les rapports des mères et des pères concernant la formation professionnelle, l'importance accordée au métier et le degré d'épuisement causé par ce dernier, et d'enquêter sur les différences entre les groupes dans les expériences vécues du fonctionnement familial et de l'interaction emploi-famille. L'étude a été menée à l'aide de questionnaires distribués à 133 couples appartenant à cette classe de double revenu et dont les enfants de moins de 18 ans vivaient àla maison. Pour rassembler la typologie, une analyse agglomérée a été employée en tant que procédure de statistique. Au cours de cette analyse, les cinq groupes qui ont émergé se distinguaient par des différences qui touchaient à la fois les domaines inter-groupes et interparentaux selon ces variables d'agglomération: (1) les familles à double revenu à bas statut, (2) les familles àdouble revenu dans des emplois peu épuisants et peu motivants, (3) les familles à double revenu au statut élevé avec des mères épuisées par un emploi de niveau élevé, (4) les familles à double revenu avec des pères épuisés par un emploi de niveau élevé, et (5) les familles à double revenu au statut élevé avec des pères motivés par un emploi de niveau élevé. L'appartenance aux groupes était en rapport avec les caracteéristiques de la vie familiale et avec les évaluations concernant l'interaction emploi-famille ainsi que diverses caractéristiques de l'emploi, afin d'indiquer la validité écologique pour la typologie familiale créée. Il semblait ainsi qu'un important niveau d'épuisement au travail en particulier soit liéaux problèmes du fonctionnement familial.