Commodity buffer stock redux: The role of International Cocoa Organization in prices and incomes

This paper utilizes linear demand and supply models, with additive independent shocks, to derive producer price and income variances of a typical commodity during and after a buffer stock control. It proceeds to use the models to evaluate International Cocoa Organization's (ICCO) Buffer Stock's decision to purchase excess stock from the market a floor price and re-sell it, in periods of low supply, at the ceiling price. The results show that cocoa producer prices and incomes were more stable during periods of ICCO buffer stock intervention than after the demise of the buffer stock. The results further indicate that stock-buying operations induced greater stability in producer incomes than buying stock-selling operations.     

Disability benefit reform in Great Britain from the perspective of the United States

In 2008, Great Britain overhauled its disability benefit programme by introducing a new disability determination process called the Work Capability Assessment and a new earnings replacement programme called Employment and Support Allowance. This article examines the British reforms from the perspective of the United States, which may consider changes to its disability benefit programme, the Social Security Disability Insurance programme, in the near future. The article provides an overview of the steps leading to the reform in Great Britain, details how the new programme operates, reviews research on its initial implementation and effects, and identifies lessons for the potential reform of the disability benefit programme in the United States.     

Adventures in policy modeling! Operations research in the community and beyond

The literature describing operations research in the community is somewhat of a puzzle. On the one hand, several authors have denigrated the use of traditional operations approaches in addressing community problems, yet several studies document successful applications. Arguing that the operations research mindset is itself a great strength, we will review several examples where operations research methods have been employed creatively to the benefit of the community and beyond.     

论前期创造社期刊的创办对中国现代文学进程的影响

前期创造社期刊,分别从昭示＂五四＂文学走向、引导＂纯文学＂时代到来、加速中国文学现代性的进程和文学＂公共领域＂的形成等方面影响着中国现代文学的进程。另外,前期创造社期刊的编辑者和出版书局的责权不明晰、编辑者之间的分工不清楚、期刊和社团关系认识的偏差以及期刊栏目设置的不足等方面也留给后人很多意味深长的教训。     

新文化运动、“文化热”与“国学热”——从文化整合中的三种现象看文化转型规律

20世纪以来,中国知识分子对现代性的诉求引发了三次文化高潮,其中＂五四＂新文化运动产生于外源性文化危机,是以少数知识精英为主体的一场文化革命;80年代＂文化热＂源于市场经济体制下知识分子的文化自觉;而近年来的＂国学热＂则是在全球化背景下知识分子与普通大众的共同选择。从新文化运动到＂文化热＂,再到＂国学热＂,三种文化现象显示了在文化转型过程中文化主体正从少数知识精英扩展到普通大众,在中国传统文化与西方文化的不断整合过程中也体现了中国传统文化的强大生命力。     

纳米阻燃材料氯氧化锑的制备及结构表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米氯氧化锑（Sb4O5Cl2）,并用斯托克斯定律分析了制备纳米氯氧化锑颗粒的大小,IR、TEM、XRD对产物进行了结构表征。通过实验探索得出当反应温度为45℃、醇化时间4 h、SbCl3的浓度0.08 g/mL、搅拌速度700 r/min、加水量40 mL、水解20 min、乙二醇做醇化剂时,制备纳米Sb4O5Cl2效果最好。     

碳酸铝铵热分解制备纳米粉过程中团聚与反团聚机理分析

介绍了碳酸铝铵制备纳米粉的方法,就该方法过程详细阐述了团聚的形成机理,并阐述了反团聚机理,最后提出了反团聚措施。     

基于IPv4向IPv6过渡期的校园网架构研究

IPv6协议作为下一代的因特网协议,已在因特网中得到一定程度的应用,但仍然存在着很多有待改进和完善的地方。本文以校园网建设为实际背景,分析了基于IPv4向IPv6过渡期的校园网更新原则,设计了针对不同类型、不同用途的校园网的过渡方案及拓扑结构。     

大学英语四、六级教学效率实证研究

对大学英语新四、六级考试及网考实施的后效研究发现,新四、六级制度及题型对英语学习行为及策略产生正面影响的同时,大部分学生对新四、六级考试制度及题型改革的意义及目标并不明确,对网考所体现的英语测试任务的综合性和互动性显示出一定的忧虑。大学英语新四、六级考试对不同分数段学生的影响存在很大的差异性。因此,大学英语教师应成为保证四、六级考试有良好后效的主体,有必要建立起除四、六级考试以外的大学英语学习评价体系,关注四、六级考试在低分组学生中产生长期的不良的后效,从而确保新四、六级考试及网考对大学英语教学发挥更多的积极作用。     

“五四”功过管窥——以比照王国维与顾颉刚的古史观为视角

评价＂五四＂,从一定程度上讲也是在评价传统。顾颉刚对王国维虽极其崇敬,然未必得其心志,在古史观上要逊色许多。在王国维看来,中国古史有一种内在的精神,是中华民族文明的源头,因而对中国之古史应是怀有一种温情与敬意的。