进化史观对中国史学转型的促进和影响

19世纪末 2 0世纪初进化史观传入中国后 ,成为猛烈批判旧史学的思想武器 ,中国史坛由此提出了进行“史界革命”、建立“新史学”的口号和主张。进化史观在五四时期对中国史学的影响范围仍然最为广泛 ,影响力也更加深入。进化史观在五四前后中国史学转型、史学科学化的过程中 ,依然起到了重要的促进作用     

比较视野下的新启蒙运动

启蒙的真谛是敢于求知,启蒙运动的目的是使人从不成熟的依附状态中挣脱出来。在人类历史上,每逢新旧时代的交替时期都会发生大规模的思想启蒙运动。近代中国发生的启蒙运动,因历史环境的不同,承载着与欧洲文艺复兴不同的历史使命。在"民族大破灭"前提下发动的新启蒙运动,在批判性、理性的运用、看待问题的眼光等众多方面,都与五四启蒙有着明显的不同。"新哲学者"欲通过发动这场哲学上的"国防动员"运动,将各派思想聚集在抗日救亡的大目标下,并借此机会将"新哲学"灌输到中国新文化的构建中。     

国家环境监理信息系统（NESMIS）的开发

详尽介绍了国家环境监理信息系统(NESMIS)开发背景、功能需求、总体结构设计、功能设计及对环境治理的贡献.系统采用"国家环保总局--省环保局--地市县环保局--企业"四级层次模型作为总体结构,以适合我国环境监理业务现状和发展需要;采用"智能监理适配器+数据接口标准"的现场数据接入模型,实现了现场监测设备的规范化.目前,系统已在中国全面推广应用.     

80年来中共领导人的"五四”观回放

80年来,中共领导人的"五四”观自始即采用了激进的革命话语系统,强调五四运动的政治意义和爱国精神,用政治运动统摄思想文化运动,把五四运动看作是中国新旧民主主义革命的分界线.这种"五四”观对学术界中国现代史研究产生了导向性影响.总结其经验教训,对全面、深入地研究"五四”,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义.     

NO在Eu_(2-x)Sr_xNiO_4上的催化还原

本文研究了以Eu2-xSrxNiO4（x＝0．3、0．5、0．6、0．7、0．8、0．9、1．0、1．1、1．2）系列为催化剂对NO＋CO→N2＋CO2反应的催化作用，结果表明：反应中有中间产物N2O生成，低温下转化率XNO／XCO趋向0．1～0．8，高温下XNO／XCO趋向1。这是由于反应机理不同所造成的。     

二水合三(1—苯基—3—甲基—4—苯甲酰基—5—吡唑啉酮)合镧的合成与结构

用1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酸基-5-吡唑啉酮(HPMBP)溶液与硝酸镧溶液合成了镧的PMBP络合物-La(PMBP)_3·2H_2O,用X-射线法测定了该络合物的晶体结构和分子结构,晶体属于单斜晶系,c面心格子,C2/c空间群,a=2.4744(5)nm,b=1.6325(7)nm,c=2.5871(4)nm,β=105.44(2)°,V=10.0731nm~3,Z=8,Dc=1.330g·cm~(-3),μ=9.25cm~(-1)。络合物中心离子La(Ⅲ)处于由8个氧原子所构成的四方反棱柱体中心。La-O平均健长为0.2492nm。     

论五四时期浙江报刊的特征

五四时期迎来了浙江报刊的第二个出版高潮.五四时期的浙江报刊具有如下特征:相当数量的报刊是反帝反封建与开启民智的进步报刊;少数进步报刊开始了对马克思主义的宣传;学生报刊占有相当大的比例;专业性报刊增加迅速;有相当一部分报刊存在时间很短;地域上的不平衡现象比较突出.     

分布式个人文件系统的设计与实现

提出了一种基于E-mail系统的分布式文件系统——EMDFS,给出了扩展的STMP协议(ESTMP)的状态转换方式和定义,在此基础上研究了利用ESMTP来构建分布式个人文件系统的方法和模型,设计了EMDFS的模型、内外存的结构、I/O操作、用户接口以及EMDFS的各种功能。     

The dangers of political naiveté and excessive complexity in evaluating delinquency prevention programs

The current demand for the assessment of programs designed to modify delinquent behavior may actually decrease the likelihood of achieving important long range goals. This article argues that the traditional experimental-control group procedures used in the evaluation of delinquency prevention programs are rarely successful, generate strains which have negative consequences, create hostility toward attempts to gain knowledge, and fail to create superior programs in the future. Furthermore, complex programs increase the likelihood of stress more than simple ones. If sophisticated research skills were directed toward the analysis of data gathered from larger numbers of cases and from more readily available data sources, many of these negative consequences could be minimized. The final theme is that the way in which findings are reported should be treated as an important factor in its own right. Objective, “hard-nosed” assessment may in fact damage promising projects without altering ineffective but entrenched programs.     

The unacceptability of money as a gift

In four studies, subjects were asked whether money was an acceptable gift. In the first study, students stated that they would find it less acceptable to give their mothers a cheque than a gift token or a selected present; and that if they had to send a cheque they would spend more than twice as much on it as on the other sorts of gift. The second study confirmed these results on a larger, non-student sample of young adults, and also showed that it made no difference whether a cheque or cash was specified. In the third study, students were asked about the reasons why they would find it unacceptable to give or receive a cheque as a present. The most important reasons focused on the time and effort that ought to be spent on selecting a present, and the possibility that money sent as a gift might be used for mundane purchases. In the final study, mothers of students were asked about the kinds of presents they would find it acceptable to receive: they indicated that a cheque would be less acceptable than a selected present of a gift token, but they did not expect more to be spent on a cheque than on other gifts. Taken together, these results strongly confirm casual impressions that money is unacceptable as a gift in some contexts, implying both that the element of social exchange is crucially important in gift-giving, and that even in modern societies money is not a universally acceptable medium of exchange.