“学”与“工”:社会角色的错位与回归——校外兼职对大学生学业的影响研究

校外"兼职"是当代大学生的热门话题,更是在校大学生的普遍性行动。然而,"盲目兼职"和"兼职过度"给大学生的学业带来了严重的负面影响,造成了其主导角色的错位和失败。因此,树立"理性兼职"理念,从"主观认知"和"时间控制"等方面把握兼职合理性,并实现大学生主导角色的"合理"回归与重构十分必要。     

Social Work Research in the Field of Disability in Australia: A Scoping Review*

Although in Australia disability is receiving unprecedented attention with the rollout of major reforms, the body of research on disability to inform policy and practice has been found “not fit for purpose”. This scoping review of empirical research papers published by Australian social work authors between 2007 and 2015 investigated the quantity, nature, and scope of social work research on disability in Australia. We found a steady growth, an annual average of 13.8 papers, and a total of 124. Social work disability research makes a distinctive contribution; it is contextualised in service systems or policy, has a greater focus on community and civic participation and social relationships, and concentrates on adults, with either intellectual disability or traumatic brain injury. These research strengths provide foundations for building the profession’s research capacity and informing its practice and contribution to the multidisciplinary field of disability.

IMPLICATIONS

• Service system reform is increasing engagement of social workers with people with disabilities, yet disability has a low profile in the profession.

• Social work disability research has strengths in understanding service systems, social relationships, and strategies for social and civic participation, particularly with adults with cognitive disabilities.

• Increased attention to disability in qualifying and higher degree programs will better prepare students for complex practice and develop the distinctive contribution of social work research in this interdisciplinary field.

     

农村税费改革与计划生育工作

目前在农村实行的税费改革是农村政策的重大调整。农村计划生育工作在税费改革中遇到了机构、人员、经费等诸多问题。作者通过对安徽宣城等地的调查 ,提出了乡镇机构改革、人员分流、财政投入等对策     

流动还是留守:流动人口子女随迁的选择性 及其影响因素分析

要解决留守儿童离开父母成长而带来的种种问题,最重要的是提供有利条件让流动人口子女跟随父母迁移。要进一步为留守儿童提供保护和保障措施,就要依据迁移规律首先了解什么因素影响流动人口子女随迁;因此,流动人口子女随迁的选择性及其影响因素研究对于政府决策具有重要意义。利用2005年1％人口抽样调查数据度量流动人口安排子女随迁的选择性,发现流动人口自身能否提供子女的物质保障是其决策的最重要因素,另外,流动人口的迁移状况和职业性质也会影响其子女随迁。进一步依据中国人民大学的“北京市1％。流动人口调查”数据,用logistic回归模型阐述儿童自身特征、父母社会经济条件、生活条件和社会身份背景等影响因素的作用,研究发现,母亲是否外出、父母外出时间、儿童就学难易程度、住房条件、生活成本是流动人口子女是否随迁最主要的影响因素。     

The impact of migration on the nonmetropolitan population age structure, 1960–1990

In this paper we examine the short-run impact of migration on the age composition of nonmetropolitan areas. Changes in age structure can have important consequences at the local level, and the influence of migration is particularly notable because it is highly age-graded, with different migration patterns found in various types of nonmetropolitan communities. Here we compare the impact of migration on age structures in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas across the last three decades. Within nonmetropolitan areas we also compare counties with colleges, commuting counties, agricultural counties and retirement counties. We conclude that several factors influence the impact of migration on age structure. Impacts will be greater in smaller than in larger population groups, and in areas that specialize in economic functions that impinge on a particular age group. But in general, migration adds young people to metropolitan areas and older people to nonmetropolitan areas. Differential impacts may be lessened in periods, such as 1970–80, when substantial population redistribution was underway. Nevertheless, prior and present fertility and mortality trends, and the cumulative history of migration well exceed the impact of migration on age in any ten-year interval.Abbreviations Metro Metropolitan - Nonmetro Nonmetropolitan An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting of the Western Regional Science Association, Wailea, Hawaii, 22 February 1993.     

等强度梁受冲击时的冲击力近似公式

本文用加权余量法及拉普拉斯变换，给出了计算等强度梁受冲击时的冲击力近似公式。通过实验进行验证，该公式精度很高。     

居民生活用电特征与影响机理

近年来我国家庭生活领域碳排放增长迅速,其中电力消费增长是导致家庭碳排放增加的重要原因。本文利用在上海地区开展的居民生活碳消费调查中的居住用电数据,分析了上海市常住居民家庭用电的特征和影响机理。样本中,上海户均年用电量为2184.6kWh,标准差为1398.5kWh,用电基尼系数为0.32,此外生活用电量呈现冬夏高、春秋低,且冬夏两季用电量的离散程度高于春秋两季的现象。回归模型显示上海居民生活用电受到人口规模、收入水平、居住面积、低碳态度和用能习惯的显著影响,且不同用电量家庭的用电影响因素种类和作用效果都存在变化：低用电家庭的生活用电受到人口规模、低碳态度和用能行为的影响,中等用电家庭的生活用电显著影响因素为人口规模、收入水平、低碳态度和用能行为,高用电家庭的生活用电受到人口规模、用能习惯和居住面积的影响;并且随着用电分布从低向高移动,各影响因素的作用效果或增高或降低,呈现不同的变化趋势。通过研究不同用电量家庭用电影响因素的变化,有利于更加深入地了解不同群体生活用电影响因素和完善生活领域电力消费的约束措施。     

叶宪祖生平创作与家学渊源

本文以万历四十七年己未（1619）叶宪祖中进士为界,把他的一生分为前后两期。前期,叶宪祖主要以潜心读书为主。后期,叶宪祖面临的不再是个人的升沉、得失,而是严酷的社会现实,黑暗的政治体制。叶宪祖之所以能成为一个戏曲家,与他的家学渊源是分不开的。叶家乃书香门第、科举世家,其父叶逢春对叶宪祖的影响尤为深重。叶逢春工诗、工古文辞,喜曲。耳濡目染之下,叶宪祖也善为古文辞,喜曲更善于谱曲。叶氏先祖勤政爱民、不畏权贵的传统也影响着叶宪祖的为人行事。博采众长、注重讲学更是对叶宪祖的戏曲创作与审美取向产生巨大的影响。     

影响因子的评价功能思考

影响因子是当前作为一般性期刊进入核心期刊的主要依据,并且已经由原来的一个模糊文献学尺度上的标志变成了无所不包的评价事物性质的主要量化指标。本文从影响因子概念到影响因子变异性的因素作了较为系统地阐述与分析。作者认为不能简单的依据期刊影响因子的高低来武断判定期刊质量的优劣,更不能将期刊影响因子的使用扩展到期刊中作者论文质量的判断。影响因子对其评估对象并不具有普遍性的真理作用。在此同时,从评价功能的科学性、系统性、全面性方面对影响因子及其评价方法提出了修正与改造的建议,以供同行们讨论。     

信息化影响评估：业务流程视角的电子商务扩展

 基于创新扩散理论,提出一个信息化影响的测度模型用于评估企业电子商务扩展——从传统渠道转向基于internet电子商务的程度,模型包括相关影响因素和假设命题。按照业务流程观点,用价值链上各职能部门业务流程的电子化实施程度作为电子商务扩展的度量,并收集156家传统实体企业数据验证模型的有效性和假设命题,分析信息化影响的关键因素及其贡献。研究发现企业信息化与电子商务扩展之间存在重要关系,5个因素与行业类别对电子商务扩展影响显著,而企业规模与所有制不是关键因素。本研究提出的测度模型能够有效地测评信息化影响,这对于支持政府和帮助企业制定和建立相关发展战略和方针政策、提供有利条件促进电子商务健康发展,有着重要意义和价值。