人文社会科学学术成果跨界影响力研究

学术成果的跨界影响力评价在基金立项、科研管理、学科建设和学术评审等领域有着广泛的应用前景。不同于学术深度评价,它是对学术广度交叉规律的认识。其中跨界关系强度矩阵是跨界影响力研究的关键。以人文社会科学学术成果的跨界影响力数据模型为切入点,基于读者、作者通过文献搜索所建立的学术跨界联系,本文探讨了几种跨界关系矩阵模式发现算法,比较了三种前沿统计网络估计方法在跨界影响力上的应用。实证研究表明,这些算法具有稳定和快速的特点,在人文社会科学跨机构和跨学科关系研究方面得到了有益的结果。     

Are Overall Journal Rankings a Good Mapping for Article Quality in Specialty Fields?

Overall journal rankings, which are generated with sample articles in different research fields, are commonly used to measure the research productivity of academic economists. In this article, we investigate a growing concern in the profession that the use of the overall journal rankings to evaluate scholars’ relative research productivity may exhibit a downward bias toward researchers in some specialty fields if their respective field journals are under-ranked in the overall journals rankings. To address this concern, we constructed new journal rankings based on the intellectual influence of research in 8 specialty fields using a sample consisting of 26,401 articles published across 60 economics journals from 1998 to 2007. We made various comparisons between the newly constructed journal rankings in specialty fields and the traditional overall journal ranking. Our results show that the overall journal ranking provides a considerably good mapping for the article quality in specialty fields. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.     

The Causal Impact of Resistance: Mediating between Resistance and Internal Conversation about Resistance

Current literature on resistance focuses on the elements of action and opposition as its main components. However, when we use the term resistance we are not necessarily referring exclusively to the active expression of opposition, but could also be referring to discussions about such events or to stimuli that may cause these acts. Thus resistance, for the purposes of this study, is perceived in terms of action, external conversation and stimuli, and it is argued that these external characteristics may be further processed through deliberation and internal conversations about resistance. An exploratory empirical study revealed inner aspects of resistance, and examined whether internal conversations about resistance could actually be experienced by agents. This article further supports the argument that, as individuals produce internal conversations about resistance, they may end by following one of the suggested options: they may keep their internal conversations unspoken, or produce a course of action related to resistance (and identified as such), or they may produce external conversations about resistance, or they may end by producing resistance that is not recognisable (to others) as such. In all these cases, internal conversations about resistance are involved and it is therefore argued that the causal impact of resistance may derive from agential processes and powers as well as from action, stimuli or external conversations related to resistance.     

Techniques For Developing Health Quality of Life Scales for Point of Service Use

Clinical and health policy research frequently involves health status measurement using generic or disease specific instruments. These instruments are generally developed to arrive at several scales, each measuring a distinct domain of health quality of life (HQOL). Clinical settings are starting to explore how to integrate patient perspectives of HQOL outcomes into patient care. However, the length of many HQOL instruments poses a challenge in terms of patient burden, as well as clinic flow time. The most popular paradigm for scale construction utilizes classical test theory methodology and can lead to excessive and redundant items in an effort to bolster reliability measurements such as Cronbach’s alpha above levels of accepted reliability. This paper presents techniques for utilizing item response theory to arrive at single item scales that are diagnostically informative and short enough to have clinical utility. A danger of such dramatic scale reduction is that validity might be compromised. This danger is addressed in terms of criterion related validity and sensitivity to clinical changes over a 36 months period. The reduction methods are illustrated using selected scales from the Arthritis Impact Measurement Scales 2 (AIMS2) with data obtained from the study Pharmaceutical Care Outcomes: The Patient Role (PCOPR).     

Hostage taking: Understanding terrorism event dynamics

This paper employs advanced time series methods to identify the dynamic properties of three hostage taking series. The immediate and long run multipliers of three covariates—successful past negotiations, violent ends, and deaths—are identified. Each hostage series responds differently to the covariates. Past concessions have the strongest impact on generating future kidnapping events, supporting the conventional wisdom to abide by a stated no-concession policy. Each hostage series has different changepoints caused by a variety of circumstances. Skyjackings and kidnappings are negatively correlated, while skyjackings and other hostage events are positively correlated. Policy recommendations are offered.     

试论国际互联网对知识产权传统特性的影响

国际互联网对知识产权传统特性产生了广泛而深刻的影响 ,具体体现为 :对地域性产生淡化影响 ,对时间性产生延长或缩短保护期限的双重影响 ,对专有性的影响为强化与弱化并存 ,对复制性的影响则是扩充了“复制”的涵义。这都需要从法律上对有关的问题进行深入的研究 ,并通过立法加以调整国际互联网络环境下社会各方利益的协调平衡     

隐私影响评估(PIA)的发展及ISO/IEC 29134: 2017实施探讨

\t\t\t\t\t目的/意义\t\t\t\t\t欧盟《通用数据保护条例》（GDPR) 创设的数据保护影响评估( DPIA) 制度对数据风险防控具有重要意义。借鉴欧盟DPIA制度可以助益于我国企业数据合规、重要数据的保护、数据安全风险评估标准的构建。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t设计/方法\t\t\t\t\t首先,通过梳理DPIA制度的演化背景、理论基础,全面剖析欧盟DPIA制度的应用场景、评估流程、保护模式及惩罚机制。其次,通过梳理相关案例,对事实层面和规范层面我国建立数据影响评估制度的必要性进行分析。再次,对比我国个人信息安全影响评估（PISIA）制度与欧盟DPIA制度在适用阶段、评估目标、评估产物等相关规定的异同,可知前者侧重于对个人信息数据泄露后会对数据主体的影响维度进行分析,后者侧重于对数据主体权益保障维度的分析。最后,以问题为导向,对我国数据保护影响评估制度的建立提出相关建议。\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t结论/发现\t\t\t\t\t完善数据安全风险评估标准的研制、提升数据安全风险评估质效、构建全方位的数据监管体系,不仅是构建法治化的数据安全风险评估制度的需要,更是我国经济实现数字化转型、构建数据安全保障治理体系的迫切需求。\t\t\t\t     

高压水射流冲击特性分析及实验研究

本文应用流体力学基本原理给出了高压水射流冲击压力的基本关系式,进行了实验验证,得出了冲击压力随靶距、泵压的变化曲线。     

Do ISO:9001 standards and EFQM model differ in their impact on the external relations and communication system at schools?

Implementation of Quality Management Systems (QMS) has increased greatly in recent years at a wide variety of institutions. The main purpose of this work is to evaluate and compare the impact of having implemented ISO:9001 standards and the EFQM model on the communication system and external relations at schools. This was done by applying a validated evaluation instrument to 2901 subjects of 116 schools in 4 Spanish Autonomous Communities. The results show that the QMS have a medium-high level of impact on the communication system and a moderate level on the external relations dimension. Furthermore, schools with EFQM feature significantly higher levels of impact on the dimensions studied than schools implementing ISO standards. Significant differences were found in the levels of impact as a function of the number of years of implementation and the type of funding received, among other variables. In addition, an interaction effect was found between the type and size of schools in regard to their external relations.