瑞典政府养老保险制度改革及其启示

瑞典旧养老保险制度和其他发达国家一样是以规定受益制为特征的现收现付制,实行从摇篮到坟墓的高福利政策,直接导致巨额养老金难以支付的结果,迫使政府将现收现付制的养老保险体制部分地向规定缴费制的基金制转型;新执行的养老保险制度为每个工人建立由瑞典政府代表个人管理的名义个人账户和个人养老金账户,个人养老金账号上的资金可直接进入资本市场,进行投资,并可以以遗产的形式继承给相关的受益人.我国社会保障体制改革应该改变养老金受益的计算方式,将统筹账户和个人账户分离,开辟养老保险基金按账户进入资本市场的途径,确保个人账户上养老基金的投资增值;并且要加强和培养养老保险的精算人员.     

The Generalized Waring Process and Its Application

The generalized Waring distribution is a discrete distribution with a wide spectrum of applications in areas such as accident statistics, income analysis, environmental statistics, etc. It has been used as a model that better describes such practical situations as opposed to the Poisson distribution or the negative binomial distribution. Associated to both the Poisson and negative binomial distributions are the well-known Poisson and Pólya processes. In this article, the generalized Waring process is defined. Two models have been shown to lead to the generalized Waring process. One is related to a Cox process, while the other is a compound Poisson process. The defined generalized Waring process is shown to be a stationary, but non homogenous Markov process. Several properties are studied and the intensity, individual intensity, and Chapman–Kolmogorov differential equations of it are obtained. Moreover, the Poisson and Pólya processes are shown to arise as special cases of the generalized Waring process. Using this fact, some known results and some properties of them are obtained.     

A Modified One-Sided Sequential Screening Procedure Based on Individual Misclassification Error

In this article, the modified procedure is proposed by simplifying the procedure of Tsai and Wu (2002 Tsai , H. T. , Wu , S. F. (2002). Sequential screening procedure based on individual misclassification error. IIE Trans. 34:1079–1085.[Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) by only weighing the screening variables once instead of weighting twice. The numerical comparison of the modified procedure with the old procedure shows that the total inspection cost of the modified procedure is very close to the old one. A theorem is derived to simplify the calculation of all desired probabilities and the expected costs when k-screening variables are allocated into r-stages. Finally, an example of investigating the cycles of failure of silver-zinc batteries is given to illustrate the modified screening procedure.     

逻辑记忆法与英语词汇教学

英语词汇逻辑记忆法是以词代替以字母为单位作为突破口,通过研究词本身的内部关系,词与词之间的外在联系,找出记忆的规律和途径,从而启发人们逻辑思维能力的记忆方法。英语词汇教学中运用逻辑记忆这一方法,向学习者提供了一种有效利用原有知识经验,对生词进行加工的方式,帮助学生运用已有的词汇、知识和经验,去熟记和增加英语词汇,强化记忆,防止遗忘,将已形成的关于这一方法的陈述性知识向程序性知识转化,形成相应的智力技能,从而减轻学生对于英语单词结构记忆的负担,提高单词结构记忆的效率。     

论鲁迅诗歌中的楚文化因子

鲁迅的诗歌受楚文化影响甚大,楚文化的浪漫主义精神在其诗歌中得到了传承和发展,并形成了其独具“鲁迅风”的艺术表现;与老庄、屈原人格精神相通,使鲁迅成为破中国之沉寂而呐喊的骚人;楚文化中传统的宗教思想、神话传说成为鲁迅诗中常见的典故,影响着他的诗歌风格。     

个人投资者情绪能预测市场收益率吗

本文首次研究了中国资本市场上个人投资者情绪(包括散户投资者情绪和大户投资者情绪)与市场收益之间的关系.结果显示,市场收益有助于个人投资者情绪指数的预测,个人投资者情绪却无助于市场收益的预测.这是因为,个人投资者情绪对股票流动性有正面影响,但是股票流动性和收益率之间的关系并不明朗,导致个人投资者情绪不能预测市场收益率.中国股市控制权仍然掌握在机构投资者手里,而且机构投资者比个人投资者更有信息优势,投资行为更理性.本文从股票流动性这个新的角度来解释投资者情绪与市场收益之间的关系,实证结果有助于理解机构投资者的情绪比个人投资者的情绪更不易受股市大盘影响的观点.     

Business intelligence and analytics value creation in Industry 4.0: a multiple case study in manufacturing medium enterprises

Abstract

Medium enterprises (MEs) form a majority of enterprises in several regions, yet they are underrepresented in the literature. The digital transformation known as Industry 4.0 (I4.0) brings new data streams into enterprises. MEs and large enterprises will both leverage business intelligence and analytics (BI&A) to improve their business performance, so the study of the conditions favouring value creation of BI&A is of interest. However, there are few studies focusing on the impact of business intelligence and analytics (BI&A) on value creation in I4.0 and none focusing on MEs. Using a multiple case-study design, this paper explores factors linked to BI&A business value creation in manufacturing MEs that are undergoing an I4.0 transformation. Findings suggest enterprises resources and capabilities are not sufficient to predict business value: organizational learning and organizational culture have a non-negligible influence for MEs.     

战略柔性、双元性创新和企业绩效

通过对274家企业的问卷调查,探讨了战略柔性对企业绩效的影响,以及双元性创新在此过程中的中介作用。研究表明,战略柔性不仅直接影响企业绩效,而且能够通过双元性创新间接影响企业绩效。最后,指出了研究的意义、研究局限和未来的研究方向。     

德国个人破产制度及其思考

《德国破产法》针对个人破产程序的特点,对该程序作出了一些特别的规定,使得这一程序更加简化灵活,并降低了这一程序的运作成本。文章在对德国个人破产程序的适用前提、基本结构,自然人剩余债务的免除、简要介绍的基础上,对我国建立健全个人破产制度提出了思考和建议。     

A global review of the inferred meaning of woman centred care within midwifery professional standards

BackgroundAs an integral and guiding approach, woman centred care is well-grounded as the cornerstone of midwifery training and practice. A previous global review established that the concept, even though acknowledged as pivotal, has limited attention within the professional standards documents that underpin the discipline [1]. Whilst not detracting from the overall importance of woman centred care, it is further suggested that a broader meaning is generally being implied.ObjectiveWhether other related inferences and meanings of the actual term ‘woman centred care’ are also being utilised, has not yet been established. Therefore, this review of professional documents sought to investigate the occurrence of further depictions of the concept.MethodsWith an implied and inferred meaning of ‘woman centred care’ as the focus, a review and synthesis of narrative from a global sample of midwifery professional standards was conducted. The principles of meta-ethnography were utilised to develop a qualitative approach. Rather than the actual words ‘woman centred care’ further phrases implying or inferring the concept were sought. ‘A priori’ phrases were developed and narrative and examples were synthesised for each.FindingsStandards and governance documents were located from within Australia, the United Kingdom and New Zealand and a further 139 nations. Overall, the seven phrases, each considered as an inference to woman centred care, were all substantiated. As a proportion of all documents, these were collated with the outcomes being a woman’s right to choice (89%), being culturally sensitive (80.5%), a woman’s voice and right to be heard (78%), the woman as an individual (68%), universal human rights (40%), being holistic (39%) and being self-determined (17.5%).ConclusionThe outcomes of this review demonstrate that woman centred care may be a multidimensional concept. There were occurrences of all seven phrases across a broad scope of global professional midwifery documents, and each can be shown through its meaning to contribute something to an understanding of woman centred care. The creation of a universal meaning is recommended.