组织模块化对组织价值创新的影响:基于产品特性调节效应的实证研究

组织模块化所催生的竞合机制与模块整合模式充分彰显了开创价值创新的优越。本文以产品特性为调节变量,对组织模块化与组织价值创新之间的影响机制进行了实证分析。结果显示,在组织模块化过程中,单纯的组织结构构建并不能够带来企业的价值创新,只有制度设计才是组织模块化价值创新的深层诱因;而引入结构构建匹配后,模块化制度设计对组织价值创新的影响更加显著,这在某种程度上说明了产业模块化向组织模块化过度的必然性;在行业表现出产品设计信息的高度依赖性和信息较难写入介质等特性时,组织模块化将难以开展,并由此影响组织价值创新,也进一步明确了模块化的行业适用范畴。     

基于多元回归的中美高技术产品贸易研究

美国长期以来都是中国高技术产品贸易的重要合作伙伴,对中国贸易和相关产业的发展有着举足轻重的作用。本文首先对中美高技术产品贸易现状进行分析,明确中美高技术贸易所具有的贸易规模不断扩大、贸易构成不平衡和我国贸易竞争力薄弱的特点;再通过对中美高技术产品贸易影响因素的分析,从技术创新角度找到影响高技术产品贸易的主要因素;最后为促进两国贸易发展提出建议。     

The impact and management of cognitive gap in high performance product development organizations

The close alignment of applied research and development units with manufacturing operational structures can provide excellent opportunities for maintaining robust product pipelines and reducing product development cycle times. Within such an integrated organizational model (IOM), however, lies a potentially disruptive psychological mechanism that can lead to the dissolution of this delicate partnership if it is not handled properly. This mechanism is cognitive gap, which can take several basic forms: first, as differences between the nature and difficulty of the problem at hand and the cognitive resources of the problem solvers tasked with its solution; and second, as differences between the cognitive abilities and approaches of the problem solvers themselves. In this paper, we define and discuss cognitive gap within the context of Kirton's Adaption-Innovation theory, a useful framework for understanding problem solving (and problem solvers) in general. Specific implications (both favourable and potentially destructive) of cognitive gaps for high performance product development organizations are discussed, and suggestions for their effective management are offered.     

社会网络对企业管理人员职业生涯成功影响的实证研究

本文从社会网络的角度出发,基于社会交换理论,建立了社会网络对企业管理人员职业生涯成功的作用模型,并指出社会网络对职业成功两者之间的关系是通过网络利益(资源和职业支持)的中介作用实现的.本文以407位企业管理人员为研究对象,采用结构方程模型对假设模型进行检验,研究结果验证了网络利益(资源和职业支持)的中介效应.研究同时得出,社会网络各指标会对网络利益产生影响.相对于网络规模和网络异质性,网络密度和关系强度对于网络利益的获取有更为重要的影响.在网络利益对职业生涯成功作用的过程中,网络资源仅对管理人员职业满意度产生显著的正向影响,而职业支持对管理人员的职业生涯成功各指标都有显著的影响.文章最后指出了研究的局限性和未来研究方向.     

知识型团队动态能力构建、团队体系模型与创新运作模式研究

知识型团队是现代组织执行复杂创新任务的重要组织形式.本文从分析知识型团队与知识工作任务的匹配关系入手,在引入知识链及知识链网络等概念的基础上,探讨了基于知识链的知识型团队的动态能力构建机制,分析了围绕知识链网络的知识团队结构体系模型及创新运作机理.     

Adoption of the mobile Internet: An empirical study of multimedia message service (MMS)

Multimedia message service (MMS) provides more multimedia communication with entertainment effects than current text-based short message service (SMS). While many reports indicate that the mobile Internet market will be huge, little is known about whether people will accept MMS. This study applies innovation diffusion theory to examine the factors that influence the adoption of MMS. The proposed model was empirically evaluated by using survey data collected from 207 users concerning their perceptions of MMS. The findings indicate that perceptions of use were different over innovation diffusion stages. Specifically, there was a significant difference between potential adopters and users. The results may provide further insights into MMS marketing strategies.     

Absorptive and transformative capacities in nanotechnology innovation systems

We identify managerial challenges offered by an emergent nanotechnology innovation system in which knowledge is dispersed, asymmetric and contested. We argue the proposed models of knowledge absorption and transformation enhance existing theories of knowledge and emergent technology by recognizing how and why knowledge flows among the actors in emergent technology innovation system. We base our argument on combined research evidence from a Delphi study concerning the future of European manufacturing, from which a selected statement has been analyzed, and from analysis of the NanoManufacturing Institute at Leeds University, UK; specifically its work in building ties between different actors associated with nanotechnology. We conclude our paper with suggestions for future research.     

基于产品创新的管理集成及其实施结构体系研究

本文简单地概括了国内外产品创新中管理集成的研究现状,分析了产品创新中管理集成的内涵,揭示了管理集成与信息集成、过程集成和企业集成等相关概念之间的区别和联系,提出了基于产品创新的管理集成实施的结构体系,指出这个结构体系是由核心层、使能层和技术支撑层构成的,并对其内容进行了详细的阐述。     

Team‐Level Antecedents of Individuals' Knowledge Networks*

Individuals' knowledge networks are widely considered to contribute substantially to the effectiveness and efficiency of organizations. While the positive effects of knowledge networks as a primary driver of social capital have recently received considerable research attention, potential determinants of individuals' network building have not yet been adequately addressed. In this study, we investigate how certain team‐level properties affect team members' development of knowledge networks through the course of a team project. Using data from 430 team leaders and team members pertaining to 145 software development projects, we test cross‐level hypotheses using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). The results indicate that the team's perception of the organizational knowledge‐sharing climate, the team's networking preference, and the team's perceived importance of networking for project success positively affect individuals' network building. Furthermore, a team's perception of the adequacy of its technical competency and a team's perception of the adequacy of its material resources inhibit team members' individual network development. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.     

知识生态学视域下的国家创新系统

国家创新系统具有知识生态特征,其中存在着复杂的知识个体、知识链和知识网络,这些知识节点和网络构成了自身以及创新系统的知识环境。在知识环境中,各知识主体之间的知识流动发挥着不同的作用,它们之间的互动效率成为影响国家创新系统效率的因素,可以根据创新主体之间的知识流动分析国家创新系统的效率。