EXPLORING THE PARADOX

This paper explores work-to-family conflict among 77 managerial fathers in Sweden by focusing on flexible working arrangements. Sweden provides a unique setting for the study of fathers’ work-to-family conflict as it has a 30-year-old social policy tradition of promoting gender equality in the workplace and in the home. Our results show that managerial fathers experience high levels of work-to-family conflict, despite high access to flexible working arrangements. Using a border theory perspective, hierarchical regression analysis shows the importance of gender egalitarianism in the family (taking responsibility for children and being in a dual earner family), as well as flexible working arrangements (satisfaction with job flexibility and access to flexleave) in explaining work-to-family conflict for managerial fathers. Organizational time demands (time pressure at work and average work hours) and use of flextime were less important. Our results imply that gender egalitarian managerial fathers with access to flexleave have a win–win situation. They experience less work-to-family conflict and set a good example for their employees.     

土著人传统资源的知识产权保护

西方大公司在全球范围内搜寻包括生物资源与文化资源,并在此基础上取得以专利权为核心的知识产权,以此向发展中国家输出其商业化产品。但为专利权取得提供物质基础的土著人并没能从“合法”知识产权制度下分享其应得的收益,反而其文化发展权也遭受妨碍。这是知识产权制度利益不平衡在国际层面上的体现,也体现为土著人文化发展权与西方大公司的知识产权的冲突。在借鉴印度、墨西哥的保护传统文化与资源的经验基础上,以完善我国的传统资源的保护制度,协调文化发展权与知识产权的冲突。     

Multi-level governance of an intractable policy problem: migrants with irregular status in Europe

ABSTRACT

This article explores the responses of European local authorities to the public service needs of residents with irregular immigration status and the tensions with national governments to which this can give rise. Drawing on a study of responses by national and local tiers, including a mapping of national legal frameworks on entitlements to health care and education, it identifies factors that lead to divergence between local and national policy framing and responses. Finding that socio-economic and individual consequences of exclusion dominate in shaping local framing of policy responses in contrast to national government priorities, it explores the implications for modes of multi-level governance (MLG) on this issue. It expands on the concept in the literature of ‘decoupling’, contrasting relationships of overt conflict with low-visibility strategies of conflict avoidance; demonstrating the differing forms this ‘shadow politics’ of migrants’ rights and shadow provision of services can take, including arms-length provision through NGOs. Thus the dynamic of MLG is itself one part of explaining the nature of local responses to the challenges that migrants with irregular status can pose.     

Self‐Employment as a Strategy for Dealing with the Competing Demands of Work and Family? The Importance of Family/Lifestyle Motives

In this paper, we test the argument that self‐employment may be a strategy for dealing with competing demands of work and family. We do this by comparing work–family conflict experienced by self‐employed and employed men and women. By examining to what extent the self‐employed versus regularly employed value time for themselves and their family — i.e., whether they are driven by family/lifestyle motives in their working life — we examine whether self‐employment can help reduce work–family conflict among those guided by family/lifestyle motives. Using data from a 2011 Swedish survey of 2483 self‐employed and 2642 regularly employed, the analyses indicate that experiences of work–family conflict differ between self‐employed and employees. Self‐employed men and women, especially those with employees, generally experience more work–family conflict than do employees. However, self‐employment can sometimes be a strategy for dealing with competing demands of work and family life. The presence of family/lifestyle motives generally decreases the probability of experiencing work–family conflict, particularly among self‐employed women with employees.     

‘Pure’ Farsi and political sensitivities: Language and ideologies in Farsi complementary language classrooms in Denmark

This paper presents an insight into two Farsi complementary language classrooms in Copenhagen, Denmark, characterised by political sensitivities. We illustrate a number of characteristic features of the classrooms concerning language use, pedagogical methods and cultural phenomena, which were related to key adults’ preferences, and we consider possible interpretations of them as indexical signs. In particular, we emphasise ideological interpretations (e.g. the monolingualism norm and language purism) and we relate the classroom characteristics to the contemporary state of Iran as well as to the time and place in which the classes occurred. We analyse both explicit metapragmatic messages and implicit ways of indicating ideologies, and see both types as characterised by avoidance of particular referents, that is, by unmentionables.     

20世纪中国马克思主义哲学与人文主义思潮

马克思主义哲学和人文主义哲学的对立,基于对现代化道路的不同选择。中国马克思主义哲学和人文主义在理论内容、致思倾向和话语系统上有很大的区别,甚至是对立与冲突。马克思主义哲学正是在和其对立面的相互碰撞中显示出自己强大的生命力。     

基于电子市场的供应链双渠道冲突与协调的契约设计

研究了一个制造商通过传统零售渠道销售产品的同时开辟网上直销渠道,采取混合双渠道来销售产品的供应链渠道结构。从分析消费者效用出发,建立了双渠道环境下需求依赖价格变化的需求函数,运用博弈论建立决策模型。结果表明制造商在保持传统渠道的同时,开辟电子渠道将导致传统零售商的市场份额减少,利润降低,引起渠道冲突。为了解决混合双渠道的冲突和协调,设计了批发价加电子渠道价格的合同实现了双渠道供应链的协调,通过改进的收入共享契约不但实现了双渠道供应链的协调,而且实现了开辟电子渠道后供应链各成员利润的帕累托改进,从而实现了供应链双渠道冲突的协调问题。     

E‐Business: A Review of Research Published in Production and Operations Management (1992–2008)

We review, classify, consolidate, and synthesize the contributions to the expanding field of e‐business that have been published in Production and Operations Management. We classify e‐business research in the following four categories: (1) e‐auctions, (2) radio frequency identification, (3) e‐business system design, and (4) competition, conflict, collaboration, and coordination (C⁴ in e‐business). We identify important research themes, research methodologies, and research techniques within each of these categories. We also provide directions for future research and discuss the managerial implications of the e‐business research reported in our paper.     

冲突影响下的移动商务联盟自组织动力建模

运用自组织理论研究协作、竞争和冲突影响下移动商务联盟系统的演化规律。根据移动商务联盟的运营商主导性、协作竞争关系等组织间关系特征,基于罗特卡-沃尔特拉方程构建移动商务联盟系统动力模型,并求解出联盟系统的稳定点;结合稳定点条件将移动商务联盟成员关系类型划分为强运营商-弱服务提供商、弱运营商-强服务提供商、协作导向型和竞争导向型,并对各种类型联盟关系下企业收入与协作、竞争、冲突的系数相关性进行分析。研究结果表明,移动商务联盟稳定的必要条件为运营商和服务提供商的收入促进系数乘积小于其饱和系数乘积,在任一联盟关系中冲突影响系数的增加都同时导致运营商和服务提供商均衡收入的降低,运营商与服务提供商之间最理想的合作模式是协作导向的联盟关系。研究结果对于揭示移动商务联盟系统的自组织演化特性有重要理论价值,有助于运营商和服务提供商加深对联盟关系的认识。     

群体情绪智力对群决策行为和结果的影响研究

在群体决策领域,关注理性认知方面的研究多,对由情绪问题产生的非理性( irrational)行为的研究少.在借鉴国内外相关研究的基础上,将群体情绪智力界定为包含群体成员情绪智力的平均水平( GAEI)、群体领导的情绪智力水平(GLEI)和群体整体的情绪智力水平3个层面的特征,考察了群体情绪智力三个层面之间的关系以及它们...