Adjustment of adolescent adoptees: The role of age of adoption and exposure to pre-adoption stressors

This study on 169 adolescents in Israel who were adopted between birth and nine years old examined whether and how their adjustment was affected by their age of adoption and the pre-adoption stressors they had experienced. The study participants reported moderately close relations and open communication with their parents, along with age appropriate peer orientation; high self-esteem; low levels of problem behaviors (as assessed by the Youth Self Report) and very low use of addictive substances and school dropout rates compared to the average in Israel. The findings showed no association between any of the outcomes assessed and either age of adoption or pre-adoption stressors.     

Job conditions, unmet expectations, and burnout in public child welfare workers: How different from other social workers?

The purpose of this research is to compare public child welfare workers' perception of job conditions, unmet expectations, and burnout to those of social workers in other settings. Using data from a sample of 408 social workers identified from a cross-sectional random survey of California registered social workers, a series of ANOVA and multiple regression analysis was performed. Results of ANOVA revealed that public child welfare workers experienced higher workloads, greater role conflict, and depersonalization, and had lower personal accomplishment. However, they had similar levels of unmet expectations and emotional exhaustion as other social workers. Adjusted for perceived job conditions and demographic characteristics, regression analyses revealed that public child welfare workers had significantly higher levels of depersonalization than those of private child welfare workers. Finally, workers in public settings exhibited significantly lower levels of personal accomplishment than social workers in private settings did, regardless of their practice field. Implications for organizational practices and future research are discussed.     

企业培训研究新视角:培训前涉因素与培训效果关系研究——兼论工作满意度的中介效应

针对中国企业培训实践中培训效果不佳的现状,本文跳出现有研究中解释培训效果的理论视域局限,基于企业培训前涉因素的新视角,首次在中国情境下探讨培训前涉因素与企业培训效果之间的内在关系。通过对有效样本数据的研究发现,企业培训前涉因素的五个主要维度对培训效果均有显著正向影响;企业培训前涉因素中的元认知策略对注意性告知与培训效果之间的关系具有负向调节作用,对先行组织者与培训效果之间的关系具有正向的调节作用;工作满意度对培训前涉因素与培训效果的关系中存在部分中介效应。此外,本研究结论为解释中国企业培训效果不佳的现状提供了新的理论支撑,同时为在实践中优化企业培训效果提供了新的决策依据。     

Post-migration investments in education and job search: a family perspective

This paper examines post-migration investments in schooling and job search of immigrant families using new longitudinal data for Australia. Higher education levels at the time of arrival are associated with a greater probability of enrolling in school after migration. In households where the visa category would suggest that post-migration investments might be important, we find higher rates of school enrolment and job search. Traditional gender roles appear to dictate which partner makes the investments in formal schooling. However, labour market advantage, captured by principal applicant status, appears to dictate which partner makes greater investments in job search.

How Wage Compression Affects Job Turnover

I use Swedish establishment-level panel data to test the hypothesis of Bertola and Rogerson (Eur Econ Rev 41:1147–1171 1997) of a positive relation between the degree of wage compression and job reallocation. Results indicate that the effect of wage compression on job turnover is positive and significant in the manufacturing sector. The wage compression effect is stronger on job destruction than on job creation, consistent with downward wage rigidity. Further results include a strong positive relationship between the fraction of temporary employees and job turnover and a negative relationship between the amount of working-time flexibility and job reallocation.

Stressors,Coping Resources,Functioning, and Role Limitations Among Older Korean Immigrants: Gender Differences

This study explored the differential impacts of stressors and coping resources on the functioning and roles of 246 older Korean immigrant men and women. Older Korean immigrant women were significantly more likely than men to have acculturation and socioeconomic stressors, physical/social functioning problems, and role limitations. English-language barriers and lack of transportation were significantly related to lower functioning and higher role limitations of older Korean women compared to those of older men. Providing social and health care services with bilingual and transportation services to older Korean immigrant women is recommended to increase their physical/social functioning and role performance.     

《骆驼祥子》与《约伯记》比较分析

本文通过对《骆驼祥子》和《约伯记》这两份经典文本进行比较分析,认为:生发于中国近现代文化文学传统的《骆驼祥子》,和从西方基督教———《圣经》思想文化文学传统衍生出来的《约伯记》,它们立足于各自的历史语境,都对“个人”的境遇及其归宿进行了探索,对“个人”观念的确立与意义作出了强有力的质询和反思。然而,它们各自的“个人”话语模式在出发点、指向和言路等方面却迥然不同,体现了中西文化中“个人”观念的巨大差异。作者力图探讨这种差异的原因,并试图从中获得启示。     

Bayesian Analysis of the Prototypal Search Model

Bayesian analysis for a simple but widely applied dynamic programming model is obtained. The setting is the prototypal job-search model. The general case of wage and duration data, with potential censoring, is studied. The optimality condition implied by the dynamic programming setup is fully imposed. The posterior distribution reveals a “ridge” reflecting the characteristic nonstandard nature of the inference problem. Marginal distributions and moments are obtained in a canonical parameterization after a suitable approximation. The adequacy of the approximation is easily assessed. Simulation is applied to study alternative parameterizations and prior robustness and to facilitate prior elicitations. Finally, we illustrate the applicability of our methods by giving posterior distributions for the elasticities of unemployment durations and reemployment wages with respect to unemployment income. Our analysis is easy to implement and all computations are simple to perform.