蒙古族村落社会变迁与民族“双重边缘”阶层的出现——以部分蒙古族村落社会分层现状为例

在社会分层理论和＂代际公平＂理论视野下,以蒙古族村落社会结构变动现状为研究视点,对蒙古族＂双重边缘＂阶层出现的路径进行实证化分析的基础上,为其配备了这种＂资格＂的充足理由;进而对＂代际传递＂不能正常运行的诸多原因为张扬点,强调＂代际公平＂合理传递的无比重要性;最后以＂社会关爱＂理念出发,对他们刻不容缓地进行政府和社会援助视之为本研究的着力点。     

Density Estimation by Total Variation Penalized Likelihood Driven by the Sparsity ℓ1 Information Criterion

Abstract. We propose a non‐linear density estimator, which is locally adaptive, like wavelet estimators, and positive everywhere, without a log‐ or root‐transform. This estimator is based on maximizing a non‐parametric log‐likelihood function regularized by a total variation penalty. The smoothness is driven by a single penalty parameter, and to avoid cross‐validation, we derive an information criterion based on the idea of universal penalty. The penalized log‐likelihood maximization is reformulated as an ?₁‐penalized strictly convex programme whose unique solution is the density estimate. A Newton‐type method cannot be applied to calculate the estimate because the ?₁‐penalty is non‐differentiable. Instead, we use a dual block coordinate relaxation method that exploits the problem structure. By comparing with kernel, spline and taut string estimators on a Monte Carlo simulation, and by investigating the sensitivity to ties on two real data sets, we observe that the new estimator achieves good L ₁ and L ₂ risk for densities with sharp features, and behaves well with ties.     

Flexible Backup Supply and the Management of Lead‐Time Uncertainty

We consider replenishment decisions for a constant rate demand environment from a supplier with uncertain lead times. We study the potential use of a flexible backup supplier as an emergency response to accurate lead‐time information arriving at (or close after) the beginning of the demand interval and well after an original order with the stochastic lead‐time supplier has been placed. The emergency response decisions involve whether to order and how much from the flexible backup supplier, with the objective of minimizing the cost of meeting demand. We derive the optimal emergency‐response policy and clearly outline its implications on the optimized safety lead time of the original order placement and on the cost of meeting demand. We examine the impact on the use of the flexible backup supplier of factors like the arrival time of accurate lead‐time information and the response lead time of the backup supplier. We further study the potential benefits of the use of the flexible backup supplier in a dual role: as one of the two suppliers in a redundant supply system assigned to originally meet the demand and as an emergency response to later‐arriving lead‐time information. Our numerical studies illustrate the benefits from the use of the flexible backup supplier as an emergency response, but for reasonable purchase premiums and short lead times of flexible backup supply options, their use in a dual (regular and emergency response) role often leads to improved performance over safety lead‐time single and uncertain lead‐time supplier‐replenishment strategies. The benefits of the backup supply options are accentuated the higher the lead‐time uncertainty of the stochastic lead‐time supplier is.     

国债市场利率期限结构波动的对偶变换建模

本文针对传统利率期限结构拟合曲线存在过度波动问题,构建定价误差绝对距离和波动曲率双重最优化模型,借助对偶几何程序转换为在线性约束区域内的绝对距离最小化问题,并运用负指数平滑立方L1样条和计算几何逼近算法求解模型参数,通过负指数立方L1样条、NSS模型和B样条进行样本内拟合与样本外预测能力的比较,证实负指数立方L1平滑样条对利率期限结构波动的定价精确度、结构性拟合和样本外预测能力均有明显的优势,丰富了国债市场利率期限结构波动与定价的理论基础和研究方法。     

Strategic Sourcing in the Presence of Uncertain Supply and Retail Competition

This study develops an analytical model to evaluate competing retail firms' sourcing strategies in the presence of supply uncertainty. We consider a common supplier that sells its uncertain supply to two downstream retail firms engaging in price competition in a horizontally differentiated product market. The focal firm has a dual‐sourcing option, while the rival firm can only source from the common supplier. We assess the system‐wide effects of supply uncertainty on the focal firm's incentive to pursue the dual‐sourcing strategy. We find that the focal firm's dual‐sourcing strategy can create a win–win situation that leads to increased retail prices and expected profits for both firms. Furthermore, under certain conditions, we show that it is beneficial for the focal firm to strategically source from the common supplier, even if its alternative supplier offers a lower wholesale price. Overall, we identify two types of incentives for adopting the dual‐sourcing strategy: the incentive of mitigating supply risk through supplier diversification and the incentive of strategic sourcing for more effective retail competition.     

论风险刑法理论的正当性根据

大规模的工业技术生产方式的运用,正深刻地改变着我们所生存的社会,现代社会正步入如德国学者贝克所言说的＂风险社会＂。就刑法而言,在风险社会背景下,刑法的疆域已经扩展到风险规制的领域,从而＂风险刑法＂理论应运而生。在风险刑法理论的正当性根据的探讨上,从刑事本体性、刑事现实性和刑事政策性三个维度寻求了风险刑法理论的正当性根据,从而期待风险刑法理论得到更多刑法同仁的认同。     

失地少数民族遭遇的结构二元困境——基于贵州溪村四次征地事件的分析

边疆民族地区现代化进程的推进导致很多少数民族群体的农地被征用,催生了一个新的边缘化群体即失地少数民族。该群体不仅丧失了生存与发展的基础,而且面临着组织与制度资源的匮乏,陷入了一种新的结构二元困境中。要打破失地少数民族面临的二元困境,不止要限制地方和基层政权组织的权力,积极培育和加强少数民族自身的组织建设以扩大地权,在征地中还应遵循程序正义和差别正义的理念,尊重少数民族生存与发展的权利。     

内蒙古工业大学校园网IPv6部署方案研究

IPv6作为下一代互联网协议标准,将不可避免地继承并取代IPv4,因此如何部署下一代校园网是校园建设首要考虑的问题。本文结合现有内蒙古工业大学校园网特点,在尽可能利用现有网络资源的基础上,研究了逐步部署IPv6网络及相关应用的方案,通过双协议栈和隧道代理系统的实现,在全校范围内部署IPv6协议。     

高职可持续发展的基础：“双师型”师资队伍建设

加强教师队伍建设是教育事业发展最重要的基础工作。高等职业教育同时具有＂高等教育＂和＂职业教育＂的双重属性,因此加强＂双师型＂师资队伍建设是高等职业教育事业发展的最重要的基础工作,对高等职业教育的可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。