Toxics,Toyotas, and Terrorism: The Behavioral Economics of Fear and Stigma

Economists have traditionally viewed the behavioral response to risk as continuous and proportional. In contrast, psychologists have often contended that people have little control over their response to risk that is dichotomous, nonproportional, visceral, and fear based. In extreme cases, this automatic response results in the stigmatization of a product, technology, or choice, which seemingly cannot be eliminated or reduced. In resolving these contrasting perspectives, we review four recent studies that blend behavioral economics and psychology. Together, they provide evidence for a dual‐process decision model for risk that incorporates both reason and fear. They show consumers’ responses to perceived risk as a mix of proportional and dichotomous (safe/unsafe) responses that are relatively more continuous in situations where deliberation is possible, and more dichotomous in emotional or stressful circumstances. These findings reconcile mixed results in past studies, and, more importantly, the dual‐process model allows a clear definition of stigma, and suggests new ways to mitigate stigma and to help manage potentially damaging overreactions to it.     

Duality and local sensitivity analysis in least squares,minimax, and least absolute values regressions

Abstract

This paper deals with the problem of local sensitivity analysis in regression, i.e., how sensitive the results of a regression model (objective function, parameters, and dual variables) are to changes in the data. We use a general formula for local sensitivities in optimization problems to calculate the sensitivities in three standard regression problems (least squares, minimax, and least absolute values). Closed formulas for all sensitivities are derived. Sensitivity contours are presented to help in assessing the sensitivity of each observation in the sample. The dual problems of the minimax and least absolute values are obtained and interpreted. The proposed sensitivity measures are shown to deal more effectively with the masking problem than the existing methods. The methods are illustrated by their application to some examples and graphical illustrations are given.     

Tests for normality with stable alternatives

This paper is concerned with testing normality of observations and regression disturbances when the alternative belongs to the stable family.     

对德国“双元制”职业教育中教师培养问题的思考

依托良好的＂双元制＂职业教育发展环境,德国通过＂精心选拔教师、精细设计培训＂的特色教师培养体系,打造出了一支＂敬业、专业、职业＂的从事职业教育的教师队伍。我们应借鉴德国职业学校教师培训的经验,有政策、有组织、有计划地打造一支适应我国高职教育事业发展需要的教师队伍。     

《传统》解析-卡伦的双重意识危机

对康蒂.卡伦最为有名的诗作《传统》做诗歌技巧与主题的分析,指出该诗不仅反映了诗人本人有关美国非洲裔黑人双重身份的认知与思考,也代表性的揭示了这个群体在了美国无名、无形的尴尬境况。     

Response surface methodology in quality improvement

Recent work has lead to development of robust parameter design which alleviates criticisms of the Taguchi approach. A dual response surface approach is discussed and illustrated.     

Testing linearity against nonlinear moving average models

Lagrange multiplier (LM) test statistics are derived for testing a linear moving average model against an asymmetric moving average model and an LM type test against an additive smooth transition moving average model. The latter model is introduced in the paper. The small sample performance of the proposed tests are evaluated in a Monte Carlo study and compared to Wald and likelihood ratio statistics. The size properties of the Lagrange multiplier test are better than those of other tests.     

COMPARING TESTS OF AUTOREGRESSIVE VERSUS MOVING AVERAGE ERRORS IN REGRESSION MODELS USING BAHADUR’S ASYMPTOTIC RELATIVE EFFICIENCY

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to use Bahadur's asymptotic relative efficiency measure to compare the performance of various tests of autoregressive (AR) versus moving average (MA) error processes in regression models. Tests to be examined include non-nested procedures of the models against each other, and classical procedures based upon testing both the AR and MA error processes against the more general autoregressive-moving average model.     

投资规模、家庭成员沟通与幸福度测度

家庭的幸福度受一系列外在现实因素的影响,也受家庭内部成员间有效沟通时间的影响。家庭的持续经营需要利他主义者,家庭也存在一个最优的投资规模,家庭会面临"投资困境"的难题。城市和农村的分布格局及投资环境会影响城市和农村家庭的幸福度,家庭的幸福度也受收入分配是否公平的影响。     

Ethical Beliefs of Social Work Researchers

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the beliefs of social work researchers about ethical practices. Surveys were mailed to a random sample of 240 members of the Society for Social Work and Research (SSWR) to elicit their views about ethical practices in social work research. Responses from 160 members (67% response rate) yielded information regarding the appropriateness of dual relationships, authorship practices, informed consent procedures, and other conduct in social work research. Age, gender, educational level, years of social work research experience, and current teaching of social work research were related to respondents' ethical views about practices with students and sexual relationships with research subjects. The need for additional resources on ethics in social work research is highlighted.