新建地方本科院校办学特色建设的理性思考——以泉州师范学院为例

办学特色是我国高等教育大众化背景下新建地方本科院校求生存、谋发展的必然选择。本文首先分析了高校 办学特色的科学内涵,并以泉州师范学院为例,对新建地方本科院校的办学特色进行了优劣势分析,并从办学定位、学科专业 建设、人才培养、服务社会、师资队伍、校园文化等六个方面,提出了培育高校办学特色的具体建议。     

Outsourcing Decisions and Managerial Incentives*

An agency model is presented in which outsourcing strictly dominates in-house production. We argue that firms outsource in order to improve managerial incentives. Conditions are established under which the firm is strictly better off with outsourcing. The benefit of outsourcing, however, is constrained by the trade-off between the incremental coordination costs of outsourcing and the improved incentive structure. The optimal contract is also shown to be a function of whether or not the firm is publicly held. For a publicly held firm, the contract is constant. For a privately held supplier, the contract is likely to be of a cost-sharing type. These findings offer preliminary incentive explanations for commonly observed outsourcing practices.     

Interorganizational Determinants of Environmental Purchasing: Initial Evidence from the Consumer Products Industries*

Environmental purchasing consists of the purchasing function's involvement in activities that include reduction, recycling, reuse, and substitution of materials. Despite the potentially important role that the purchasing function can play in a firm's environmental activities, little research has been performed to date that examines the factors that impact environmental purchasing. The authors develop and empirically test a theoretical model that examines how interorganizational factors both drive and constrain purchasing's involvement in environmental activities. The empirical findings suggest that environmental purchasing activities will be facilitated through increased coordination with suppliers as well as downstream members of the supply chain, including retailers. The results also suggest the need for increased coordination within the firm, particularly between the purchasing function on the inbound side and marketing and distribution functions on the outbound side.     

Fostering Risk Taking in Research and Development: The Importance of a Project's Terminal Value

Large firms face a conflict in managing a portfolio of high-risk projects. When an ongoing project is thought to have a low likelihood of success, project team members take risks to improve its chances of success. However, upper-level managers who allocate resources tend to withhold resources from a project with a low likelihood of success in favor of others in the portfolio that look more promising. Because this paucity of resources influences project team members to avoid risk, the total effect of success likelihood on risk taking is conflicted. The influence on risk taking of a project's terminal value—defined as the value that remains in the firm in the event of project failure—is unequivocally positive, because both senior management resource allocation and project team risk-taking propensity are encouraged by terminal value. Thus, firms can override the ambivalent effect of likelihood of success on project decision making by focusing attention on a project's terminal value.     

从三国鼎立看谋士集团的重要作用

学界所谓三国能在群雄混战中割据一方,各有立国之本：魏占天时,吴占地利,蜀占人和。其实,得天下的战略表面看来有天地人各种因素,说穿了只有一条：人才,尤其是谋士。谋士集团在三国鼎立中有着举足轻重的作用。     

时变空间权重矩阵面板数据模型稳健LM检验有效性研究

空间权重矩阵是描述个体间空间关系的重要工具,通常基于个体间的地理距离构造不随时间而改变的空间权重矩阵。然而,当个体间的空间关系源自经济/社会/贸易距离或人口流动性/气候等特征时,空间权重矩阵本质上可能将随时间而改变。由此,本研究提出时变空间权重矩阵面板数据模型的稳健LM检验。大量Monte Carlo模拟结果显示：从检验水平和功效角度来看,基于误设的非时变空间权重矩阵的稳健LM检验存在较大偏差,但是基于时变空间权重矩阵的稳健LM检验能够有效地识别面板数据中的空间关系类型。尤其是,在时间较长和个体较多等情况下,时变空间权重矩阵的稳健LM检验功效更高。     

双效应面板ELES模型的构建与实证研究

本文在拓展ELES模型传统假设的基础上,将ELES模型推广到面板数据模型。构建同时包含时间效应和个体效应的双效应面板ELES模型,提出实证研究中模型形式的识别检验流程,并利用面板ELES模型实证研究了2002-2012年期间我国城镇居民消费结构的变动特征。     

A note on properties of spatial yule-walker estimators

For two-dimensional spatial autoregressive (AR) models, asymptotic properties of the spatial Yule-Walker (YW) estimators (Tjøstheim, 1978) are studied. These estimators although consistent, are shown to be asymptotically biased. Estimators from the first-order spatial bilateral AR model are looked at in more detail and the spatial YW estimators for this model are compared with the exact maximum likelihood estimators. Small sample properties of both estimators are also discussed briefly and some simulation results are presented.     

A location analysis approach for military maintenance scheduling with geographically dispersed service areas

This research uses a two-stage maximal covering location problem (MCLP) model to develop Inter continental ballistic missile (ICBM) maintenance schedules for the US Air Force. Solutions are compared to actual missile maintenance activities accomplished at F. E. Warren Air Force Base (AFB), Wyoming in May 2005. Sensitivity analysis is performed to determine the impact of altering security response times and the number of security patrol areas on the quality of daily maintenance schedules and personnel usage. Results indicate marked improvement over traditional Air Force scheduling methods. In addition sensitivity analysis identifies the levels at which the quality and quantity of maintenance performance is impacted.     

基于ARCH类模型的国际粮价波动规律研究

粮价的波动最终会给一国的粮食安全带来巨大风险。了解国际粮价的波动特征有助于采取相应的措施稳定粮价,避免粮价波动的国际传导对国内粮食市场进而对粮食安全产生不利影响。通过建立ARCH类模型,分析各类粮食国际价格的波动规律。得出的主要结论有:国际粮价波动存在明显的集族性;外部冲击对国际粮价波动具有持久性影响;国际粮食市场不存在高风险高粮价的特征;国际粮价波动具有显著的非对称性,而且粮价上涨的信息引发的粮价波动要大于粮价下降的信息引发的波动。