Ek／M／n排队模型及目标参量的确定

本文运用概率论和随机过程的基本知识，对排队论中的Ｅｋ／Ｍ／ｎ 排队模型进行研究，对其目标参量的计算公式进行推导，给出单路排队多通道服务系统Ｅｋ／Ｍ／ｎ 排队模型目标参量的计算公式，并探讨其在交通工程中的应用     

论马克思最低工资理论的形成与发展

最低工资理论是马克思工资学说的重要组成部分。马克思最低工资理论经历了产生、发展、成熟和完善等几个发展阶段。马克思对最低工资的内容，它与劳动力价值的关系以及与此相联系的工人阶级经济斗争的意义都经历了一个从初步的认识到完整的科学认识的发展过程     

Performance-Related Reliability Analysis Methodology of Computer Networks

Based on the bottlenecks in current performance-related network reliability (PRNR) research, this article selects network time delay as PRNR evaluation foundation, and defines PRNR measure as the probability that the actual network delay is no bigger than the required value during network long-term operating under the specified conditions of resource allocation and network operating environment. To obtain PRNR, a novel threshold-optimization-based network traffic model is proposed to model real network traffic. In this model, the actual network traffic is divided into two different parts—a-traffic with burst characteristic, and b-traffic with steady characteristic—according to the optimized threshold value obtained with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Analysis to PRNR is carried out in two different time levels—macro-time level and micro-time level—to avoid the difficulties resulting from the great difference in reliability and performance dimension. In the macro-time level, the number of the operational network workstations varying with random failures is obtained. In the micro-time level, the packet delay is analyzed with the number of the operational workstations as a parameter. Combing the analysis in these two time levels together, the integrated PRNR model is established, and influences of different parameters are analyzed.     

认知观下预设功能新解与翻译课堂构想

19世纪末,为了更科学地解释语义和逻辑的有关现象,哲学家和逻辑学家创造了一个新术语,这就是“预设”。直至20世纪70年代末,“预设”的有关研究基本局限在静态语句内。认知科学的崛起迅速扩展了研究者的视野,语言学家们开始关注其认知规律及其在认知中的功能。在此背景下,以认知科学和认知语言观为理论框架,探讨了认知文本生成的过程,并据此重新阐述语篇预设的功能。认知观下“预设”的功能新解极大地触发了笔者对目前翻译教学的思考,尝试提出情境式翻译课堂的构想,期望对翻译教学及“预设”理论的充实有些许贡献。     

Multitudinous identities: a qualitative and network analysis of the 15M collective identity

The emergence of network-movements since 2011 has opened the debate around the way in which social media and networked practices make possible innovative forms of collective identity. We briefly review the literature on social movements and ‘collective identity’, and show the tension between different positions stressing either organization or culture, the personal or the collective, aggregative or networking logics. We argue that the 15M (indignados) network-movement in Spain demands conceptual and methodological innovations. Its rapid emergence, endurance, diversity, multifaceted development and adaptive capacity, posit numerous theoretical and methodological challenges. We show how the use of structural and dynamic analysis of interaction networks (in combination with qualitative data) is a valuable tool to track the shape and change of what we term the ‘systemic dimension’ of collective identities in network-movements. In particular, we introduce a novel method for synchrony detection in Facebook activity to identify the distributed, yet integrated, coordinated activity behind collective identities. Applying this analytical strategy to the 15M movement, we show how it displays a specific form of systemic collective identity we call ‘multitudinous identity’, characterized by social transversality and internal heterogeneity, as well as a transient and distributed leadership driven by action initiatives. Our approach attends to the role of distributed interaction and transient leadership at a mesoscale level of organizational dynamics, which may contribute to contemporary discussions of collective identity in network-movements.     

吊罗山阿宽蕉根际土壤放线菌的分离与初步鉴定

从吊罗山野生阿宽蕉居群采集根际土壤,选择性分离放线菌,并进行初步鉴定.采用葡萄糖天门冬酸培养基(GA)和腐植酸(HV)培养基分离,均添加了终浓度为50 mg/L放线菌酮、制霉菌素和重铬酸钾,以及0.5 mg/L复合维生素.共分离获得45株放线菌.对其中的19株菌株进行16S rRNA基因序列分析,结果显示包括小单胞菌7株,野野村菌4株,链霉菌2株,疣孢菌4株,假诺卡氏菌1株,拟诺卡氏菌1株.     

"非售"法律问题探析

友善协议并购渐成为国际并购中的主要方式,为了保护交易,防止自己被第三方取代,收购方要求在并购协议中拟订非因特殊情况目标方不得主动招揽第三方竞价并购的"非售"(no-shop)条款."非售"有助于保护收购方的利益,但与目标公司股东希望获取更高并购价格的目标冲突,引发其董事如何履行对公司负有的忠实与注意的受信义务问题.     

Observing your competitor - The role of effort information in two-stage tournaments

We consider two-stage tournaments with different information structures: Either competitors observe each others’ first-stage effort before entering the second stage or not. In laboratory experiments, we observe that subjects adjust their effort to the effort information (if available): While subjects who lead continue to exert the higher effort, they tend to lower their effort relative to the first stage, whereas those who lag increase it. Moreover, the larger the first-stage effort gap, the lower are second-stage efforts. These observations are consistent with our predictions for status-concerned subjects who care about their relative (interim) standing and the size of the effort gap.     

Weak Convergence of the Regularization Path in Penalized M‐Estimation

Abstract. We consider a function defined as the pointwise minimization of a doubly index random process. We are interested in the weak convergence of the minimizer in the space of bounded functions. Such convergence results can be applied in the context of penalized M‐estimation, that is, when the random process to minimize is expressed as a goodness‐of‐fit term plus a penalty term multiplied by a penalty weight. This weight is called the regularization parameter and the minimizing function the regularization path. The regularization path can be seen as a collection of estimators indexed by the regularization parameter. We obtain a consistency result and a central limit theorem for the regularization path in a functional sense. Various examples are provided, including the ?¹‐regularization path for general linear models, the ?¹‐ or ?²‐regularization path of the least absolute deviation regression and the Akaike information criterion.     

镜中之像:自我的抗争——解读《不可接触的贱民》

安纳德①是印度著名英语小说家,《不可接触的贱民》是他的第一部英语小说。小说通过对年轻的清扫夫巴克哈一天生活经历的描写,充分展示巴克哈对自我身份的逐渐清醒的认识,以及为摆脱自己的身份所做的努力与抗争。