中国共产党是中国光明前途的代表

中国共产党从成立之始就以拯救中华民族为己任 ,运用马克思主义的普遍原理 ,结合中国的实际 ,提出了正确的革命纲领、路线和方针 ,给中国革命指明了方向 ,经过二十多年的艰苦奋斗 ,夺取了民主革命的彻底胜利 ,使中国有了光明的前途     

试论刘少奇对制定和贯彻八大路线所做出的卓越贡献

党的八大是一次具有历史意义的成功大会 ,它制定的路线是正确的 ,为社会主义事业的进一步发展指明了正确方向。刘少奇作为第一代中共领导核心的重要成员 ,为党的八大正确路线的形成和贯彻做出了卓越贡献 :呕心沥血起草八大政治报告 ,他的一些理论、观点 ,被八大政治报告所收纳 ,极大地丰富了八大路线 ,并为贯彻和维护八大正确路线而艰辛地探索。     

国内科学哲学研究路径的理论缺失及对策

面对当前科学哲学的危机,国内学术界提出种种解决危机的研究路径。这些不同的路径为正处于低潮的科学哲学带来了新的希望,但深入分析这些路径,能够发现它们对转向后的科学哲学的性质、研究对象及任务都没有深入的说明,而理论结构和研究方法等也有待建构。这使得它们存在一定程度上的不足。因此,必须顺应科学的新发展,接受后现代思潮的挑战,克服不同话语体系之间的分歧,使科学哲学走向新的繁荣。     

Developing the NICE/SCIE Guidelines for Dementia Care: The Challenges of Enhancing the Evidence Base for Social and Health Care

Internationally, interest is developing in the challenges ofdeveloping evidence-based guidelines for social work practice.The paper reports on the process of establishing the UK’sfirst joint health and social care evidence-based practice guideline,which is in dementia care. The paper addresses the methodologicaland procedural challenges of reviewing, meta-analysing and synthesizingknowledge for health and social care given the contrasting historiesof the two sectors in relation to the emergence of evidence-basedpractice. Dementia care is a complex domain within which socialand clinical perspectives intersect, reinforcing the desirabilityof producing ‘joined up’ health and social carepractice guidelines that are relevant to integrated services.It is suggested that the exemplar of producing a joint healthand social care guideline for dementia may be a model for futuredevelopment of practice guidelines. Some of the main recommendationsare presented to illustrate the character of the joint guideline,lessons are drawn for future guideline development, and implicationsfor policy and practice implementation are considered.     

Guidelines for Conducting a Victim-Sensitive Interview

Victim sensitive interviews allow the adult investigator to gather vital facts from a child. Within these interviews, the investigator is provided with an opportunity to elicit responses from the child regarding allegations that have taken place. These allegations often have many origins and may involve sexual impropriety, abuse, taunting, and torture of a physical nature, verbal nature, or both. The purpose of this article is to provide standardized guidelines that can assist individuals from various occupational fields in conducting victim sensitive interviews. The standardized guidelines provided offer an assemblage of general principles that have consistently appeared within literature as well as in manuals provided by various jurisdictions. These guidelines refer to a practice of conduct that is recommended; however, variance with implementation is allowed. It is assumed that the reader brings a level of clinical experience to the material provided in this article.     

Design Characteristics of Sensory Gardens in Norwegian Nursing Homes: A Cross-Sectional E-Mail Survey

ABSTRACT

Sensory gardens are increasingly popular in Norwegian nursing homes. This study examined the design characteristics of Norwegian sensory gardens using a cross-sectional web survey design addressing nursing home leaders (n = 121). The findings revealed that Norwegian sensory gardens were generally compliant with recommended design guidelines involving sensory experiences, stable walkways, landmarks, accessibility, visibility from indoors, seating features, and prosthetic supports. There is, however, a potential for further improvements concerning walkways with rails, access to alarm systems, clear signposts to toilets from the outdoors, lighting in the evenings, greenhouses, increased awareness of edible and nontoxic plants, and maintenance of the gardens.     

Research misconduct,NSF v NIH: Its nature and prevalence and the impact of their respective methods of investigation and adjudication

ABSTRACT

The National Science Foundation (NSF) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) have established separate administrative mechanisms for investigation and adjudication of alleged research misconduct.

This report compares research misconduct at NSF and NIH and the possible effects of their respective methods of investigation and adjudication.

Notable and paradoxical findings were identified: NIH supported four times the number of grants as NSF, yet NSF reviewed 2.5 times the number of research misconduct reports. NSF faculty were two-times more likely to be found guilty (88%) than faculty at NIH (42%). 83.6% of NSF offenders were guilty of plagiarism, vs. 4.8% at NIH. NSF trainees made up 6% of the guilty, vs. 42% at NIH. These findings are most likely related to the nature of their respective sciences, scientists, and the nature of their publications.

Investigative policies and procedures are quite similar at these two agencies with the exception of the subpoena power available to the NSF’s Office of the Inspector General (OIG) where it would be infrequently utilized in investigations of its predominant offense, plagiarism. However, it could prove useful if made available to the NIH Office of Research Integrity (ORI) for investigations of fabrication/falsification, its most common offense. Federal criteria for prosecution should be modified to increase the likelihood of prosecution of serious offenders referred by ORI.     

对新准则中其他综合收益的探讨

在2014年新准则出台以前,其他综合收益的职能一直由其他资本公积在替代行使,很多会计工作者在编制利润表时不能很好地区分其他综合收益和其他资本公积,以至于实务工作中常常出现错报。新准则顺应了与国际会计准则趋同的大趋势,修订了CAS30及其应用指南,从此其他综合收益正式登上会计准则的大舞台。分析其他综合收益与其他资本公积的区别以及新 CAS30中其他综合收益的变化,并且对新CAS30中关于其他综合收益的相关内容提出完善的建议。     

Some Problems in Forecasting Population for Government Planning Purposes

Some governments rely on centralized, official sets of population forecasts for planning capital facilities. But the nature of population forecasting, as well as the milieu of government forecasting in general, can lead to the creation of extrapolative forecasts not well suited to long-range planning. This report discusses these matters, and suggests that custom-made forecasts and the use of forecast guidelines and a review process stressing forecast assumption justification may be a more realistic basis for planning individual facilities than general-purpose, official forecasts.     

袁黄与科举考试用书的编纂——兼谈明代科举考试的两个问题

明代中后期,科举考试和商业出版都特别发达.适应市场的需求,书坊刊刻了大量科举考试用书,很多著名文人成为科举考试用书的作者,袁黄就是其中重要的一位,他编纂了至少十余部科举考试用书,这些书深受市场欢迎,在士人中产生了很大影响.本文拟就袁黄编纂的、且在当时已经出版过的科举考试用书进行考证和分析,并在此基础上探讨明代科举考试的指导思想和二三场在整个科举考试中的地位.