Exploring Media Representations of Argentina's President Cristina Fernández de Kirchner

In the last decade, Latin America has seen several women taking up the top job. However, even as Presidents, far from being treated as equal with their male counterparts, they still suffer from media coverage filled with prejudice about their status as women. This article examines the media landscape portraying a woman in power; namely the president of Argentina, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (CFK), by looking at news pieces published in two main national Argentinean newspapers, Clarín and La Nación. In order to document this trajectory, I identify three “roles” that media assigns to CFK: the Stupid Girl, which accounts for the questionings of her validity as a candidate; the Wicked Widow, which speaks of CFK after her husband died in 2010 through the lens of a revival of that stereotype; and finally a role that arises from the moment in which CFK catches media attention by becoming the first lady in 2003, the Frivolous Diva. The first section briefly introduces CFK's trajectory as a prominent leader. Then, the body of the article discusses the three roles introduced earlier. Finally, the conclusion argues that despite the media's power, sometimes they fail at getting their message across, making obvious their gendered discursive operation.     

Indigenous identity construction: enacted upon us,or within us

ABSTRACT

This commentary essay questions, theorizes, explores and grapples with the phenomenon of the creation of racial, social and cultural identity: in childhood as Native American identity is negotiated from others; and in adulthood as Native identity is constructed from within. ‘Indigenous Identity Construction: Enacted upon Us, or Within Us?’ is a commentary piece focused around Native American identity and how it is formed both through childhood and into adulthood. I analyze and interpret my experiences and understanding of my identity formation as an indigenous person- which usually is left out of the socio-political notions of modernity. Conceptualizations from ‘othering’ racial identities are discussed along with indigenous ontologies constructed within land and water. Through metaphorically revisiting past racializing incidents this piece continues working through the idea of othering and induction into whiteness in childhood, but also focuses on how indigenous identities might be constructed and sustained in adulthood. Efforts to model the indigenous assertion of self-determination and decolonizing the mind was used to re-present thoughts on the construction of Native American identity     

Emotional Strain in Caregiving Among African American Grandmothers Raising Their Grandchildren

African Americans are disproportionately represented in the number of grandparents raising their grandchildren. Using Role Strain Theory and Socioemotional Selectivity Theory, this study examines how older grandmothers fare relative to their younger counterparts. Eighty-five custodial African American grandmothers, aged 33–88 years old, completed demographic questionnaires and scales of Role Demand, Emotional Strain, Caregiving Strain Index, and Level of Care. Results showed older grandmothers experienced less emotional and caregiving strain relative to younger grandmothers. Furthermore, married grandmothers experienced less caregiving strain, and their age did not insulate them from the strain associated with the level of care. Implications are discussed.     

Chinese American Family Caregivers’ Perception of Program Use and Caregiver Stress

Caregiver programs provide specialized services and resources to reduce caregiver stress and improve family quality of life and health. Although there are resources and community services available, Chinese American family caregivers’ perceptions on caregiver programs and how specific services help to viably reduce their stress has yet to be examined. An in-depth interview was conducted with four Chinese American family caregivers in exploring their caregiving experiences and program service use; two of the caregivers were spouses and two were adult children. Content analysis revealed that their value of familial piety, and their need to ameliorate caregiver stress fueled their interest in new interventions to improve their quality of life and health. Spousal caregivers and adult children caregivers disclosed different needs due to caregiving, and adult children caregivers were less resistant to new interventions. The results of this study fill the knowledge gap on Chinese American family caregivers’ perception of caregiving in a cultural context as well as their needs. Suggestions for future research are to better understand the effectiveness of the specific services within caregiver programs that are effective in reducing caregiver stress among Chinese American family caregivers.     

The Influence of Parental,Peer, and School Factors on Marijuana Use Among Native American Adolescents

ABSTRACT

Marijuana use among Native American (NA) adolescents continues to be an ongoing concern and is often cited as the most critical health issue facing this population. Despite this recognition, few studies have examined the roles played by parental monitoring and school relationships among NA youth. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2010 National Survey in Drug Use and Health to examine the combined influence of parental, peer, and school indicators on marijuana use among NA adolescents aged 12 to 17 years old (N = 287). The results of structural equation modeling suggest that peer factors and parental monitoring were significantly associated with marijuana use. In fact, the peer network was the most influential predictor. However, a significant relationship was not found between school relationships and marijuana use. Given the insignificance of school relationships, further research should examine the influence of peer interactions on marijuana use and the development of family-based prevention and intervention programs.     

美国亚裔文学的话语地位和话语策略

百年前滥觞的美国亚裔文学在最近半个世纪日益走向成熟,在美国文坛逐步确立了话语地位。在不同时期对亚裔美国人作为美国历史书写之话语主体的建构中,美国亚裔文学不断重新制定话语策略,重新聚焦创作主题,经历了视界不断扩大、主题不断多元化的话语书写历程。     

有效管理与领导大学的策略——罗伯特·伯恩鲍姆的大学组织与领导观

罗伯特·伯恩鲍姆是美国当代著名的大学组织领导专家之一,他在《大学运行模式》一书中表达了一系列创新性的大学组织与领导观点,介绍了大学的组织特征及学术研究的意义,有效管理与领导大学的策略及其方法论意义。对当前我国高等教育管理及相关研究具有现实意义。     

《纽约时报》对汤姆·海登形象的重塑

汤姆·海登是美国20世纪60年代学生运动代表人物。运动结束后,美国主流媒体《纽约时报》对其形象加以重塑,体现了媒体与主流意识形态的高度一致性。     

美国印第安诗歌探微：以乔伊·哈娇为例

美国印第安诗歌经历了一个主流文学排斥、歧视、忽视、接纳、支持的漫长历史过程。在二十世纪六七十年代＂红种人权力运动＂和＂美国印第安文艺复兴＂的影响和推动下,得到了空前的发展,出现了多位印第安诗歌史上杰出的诗人,乔伊·哈娇便是其中一位。在其诗歌创作中,哈娇拒绝主流文化的同化,在书写中回归印第安传统,融合印第安文化中独有的＂说故事＂和＂灵视＂等印第安传统和宇宙观,在部族文化的同时,重新追求部族及个人的自我定位。     

美国产业分类体系的演化

文章首先分别简要介绍了美国《标准产业分类体系》和《北美产业分类体系》,然后分析了1997年版美国北美产业分类体系与1987年版美国标准产业分类体系之间的不同之处,最后详细介绍了美国2002版北美产业分类体系的具体变化。