地方高校创新创业人才培养效果的结构方程模型分析——以安徽科技学院为例

开展创业教育,培养创新创业人才,是经济和社会发展的必然,也是时代赋予高校的使命。地方高校开展创业教育,应首先明确其人才培养的效果。以安徽科技学院为例,构建包含6个隐变量、21个观测变量的结构方程模型(SEM),借助AMOS7.0和SPSS15.0软件,探索地方高校当前人才培养的效果及创新创业人才素质培养的结构路径。通过对假设模型的修正,得出创新创业人才素质培养的总效应为0.48,而课堂教学和应用型人才素质培养的总效应分别为0.79和0.71,表明地方高校创新创业型人才培养的效果还未凸显,其主要原因在于潜变量课堂教学、应用型素养和创新创业素养之间缺乏明确的路径。     

高等学校学校评价的缺失与矫正

科学、合理、适时、适量的学校评价是学校成长与发展的重要资源,繁多、无序、技术手段又相对滞后的学校评价,则不利于学校的成长与发展。传统的外控评价、模块化评价、即时性评价,虽依然表现出自身的功能和价值,但学校评价方式的变革与整合,已成为学校教育发展需要的必然。校本评价、开放式评价、发展性评价在推进学校成长与发展中的功能和价值正日益彰显。     

含不确定参数的时滞线性大系统的鲁棒稳定性

本文讨论了含不确定参数的时滞线性大系统的鲁棒稳定性,利用代数Riccati方程的解以及Lyapunov稳定性的概念,得到了系统为鲁棒稳定的判别准则。最后通过一个数值例子说明本文所得的稳定性判据的有效性。     

On the Validity of the Markov Interpretation of Path Diagrams of Gaussian Structural Equations Systems with Correlated Errors

Pearl's d -separation concept and the ensuing Markov property is applied to graphs which may have, between each two different vertices i and j , any subset of { i ← j , i → j , i ↔ j } as edges. The class of graphs so obtained is closed under marginalization. Furthermore, the approach permits a direct proof of this theorem: "The distribution of a multivariate normal random vector satisfying a system of linear simultaneous equations is Markov w.r.t. the path diagram of the linear system".     

The Additive Risk Model for Estimation of Effect of Haplotype Match in BMT Studies

Abstract. In this article we consider a problem from bone marrow transplant (BMT) studies where there is interest on assessing the effect of haplotype match for donor and patient on the overall survival. The BMT study we consider is based on donors and patients that are genotype matched, and this therefore leads to a missing data problem. We show how Aalen's additive risk model can be applied in this setting with the benefit that the time‐varying haplomatch effect can be easily studied. This problem has not been considered before, and the standard approach where one would use the expected‐maximization (EM) algorithm cannot be applied for this model because the likelihood is hard to evaluate without additional assumptions. We suggest an approach based on multivariate estimating equations that are solved using a recursive structure. This approach leads to an estimator where the large sample properties can be developed using product‐integration theory. Small sample properties are investigated using simulations in a setting that mimics the motivating haplomatch problem.     

Simultaneous Credible Bands for Latent Gaussian Models

Abstract. Deterministic Bayesian inference for latent Gaussian models has recently become available using integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA). Applying the INLA‐methodology, marginal estimates for elements of the latent field can be computed efficiently, providing relevant summary statistics like posterior means, variances and pointwise credible intervals. In this article, we extend the use of INLA to joint inference and present an algorithm to derive analytical simultaneous credible bands for subsets of the latent field. The algorithm is based on approximating the joint distribution of the subsets by multivariate Gaussian mixtures. Additionally, we present a saddlepoint approximation to compute Bayesian contour probabilities, representing the posterior support of fixed parameter vectors of interest. We perform a simulation study and apply the given methods to two real examples.     

An IV Model of Quantile Treatment Effects

The ability of quantile regression models to characterize the heterogeneous impact of variables on different points of an outcome distribution makes them appealing in many economic applications. However, in observational studies, the variables of interest (e.g., education, prices) are often endogenous, making conventional quantile regression inconsistent and hence inappropriate for recovering the causal effects of these variables on the quantiles of economic outcomes. In order to address this problem, we develop a model of quantile treatment effects (QTE) in the presence of endogeneity and obtain conditions for identification of the QTE without functional form assumptions. The principal feature of the model is the imposition of conditions that restrict the evolution of ranks across treatment states. This feature allows us to overcome the endogeneity problem and recover the true QTE through the use of instrumental variables. The proposed model can also be equivalently viewed as a structural simultaneous equation model with nonadditive errors, where QTE can be interpreted as the structural quantile effects (SQE).     

非线性常微分方程的Lie级数解法及其计算机代数实现

Ｌｉｅ级数是常微分方程的以初始条件为系数的幂级数解,它适于微分方程的性态的研究,并易于说明其对初始条件敏感的混沌性,在此利用Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａ繁育地此问题予以实现,给出产生ＯＤＥｓ的近似解析解的方法。     

Happy Spouses,Happy Parents? Family Relationships Among Finnish and Dutch Dual Earners

In this study links between spousal and parent‐child relationships among Finnish (n = 157 couples) and Dutch (n = 276 couples) dual earners with young children were examined using paired questionnaire data. Variable‐oriented analyses (structural equation modeling with a multigroup procedure) supported the spillover hypothesis, as higher levels of satisfaction in the spousal relationship were related to higher quality in the parent‐child relationship and lower parental role restrictions. These connections did not differ by gender or country. With family typological analyses (mixture modeling), 4 family types were identified: families with satisfying relationships (73.4% of the families), families with unsatisfying parent‐child relationships (13.4%), and families with either dissatisfied men (6.0%) or dissatisfied women (7.2%).     

三阶中立型分布时滞微分方程的振动定理

研究了一类三阶中立型分布时滞微分方程的振动性.利用广义Riccati变换和积分平均技巧,建立了保证此方程一切解振动或者收敛到零的若干新的充分条件.