Organizational ecology of immigrant employment and organizational buffer zones: Who leaves first when the organization gets into trouble?

Using data from the German social insurance system immigrant employment in organizational buffer zones will be investigated from an organizational ecology perspective. Theories in organization and labor market research predict higher exit rates of employees holding jobs in buffer zones. These buffer zones protect organizations from unfavorable environmental turbulences. Consequently, analyzing the impact of buffer zone employment on job stability of immigrants requires a fully dynamic approach, which goes beyond a mere identification of generally increased turnover rates of immigrants.In the first step, determinants of organizational dissolution rates will be estimated. In order to obtain a dynamic measurement of unfavorable environmental conditions, the model includes both organizational and time-varying environmental characteristics of organizational populations. This will be done by using a three-level mixed-effects hazard model controlling for observed and unobserved environmental characteristics. In the second step, dissolution rates predicted in the first step will be used as an explanatory variable. These rates indicate the degree of enactment of the flexible buffer zone. It will be shown that immigrants have indeed higher turnover rates, but they tend to remain longer in their organizations when environmental conditions deteriorate—and they are not those who leave first when the organization gets into trouble.     

政府购买公共服务：法律缺陷与制度重构

在梳理政府购买公共服务的法律法规与规章基础上,对政府购买公共服务存在的法律缺陷进行系统分析,并从修订相关法律、完善信息公开制度、健全监管问责制度、创新评估审核制度、建构契约合作制度等方面提出对策建议,期望为政府购买公共服务的实践提供参考。     

中央企业基层团支部组织制度现状分析

组织制度建设是组织建设的一项重要内容。根据当前中央企业基层团支部工作与青年工作的主要特点,通过调研显示中央企业基层团支部的组织制度建设整体上看比较完善且发挥着重要的作用,但同时也存在着不足。在组织生活制度、推优评优制度、沟通交流制度等方面都存在着开展工作质量不高、频率不高的问题,需要在把握本单位的中心工作、青年的特点和需求的基础上进一步完善各项组织制度。     

翻译策略的分类、制约与抉择

翻译策略可分为原语中心翻译策略和译语中心翻译策略两种。前者强调原语,后者突出译语。造成翻译策略差异的原因有翻译发起人的翻译指令、原语文本类型、原语译语写作范式一致性等。其中,影响力最大的当属翻译发起人翻译指令。翻译发起人是翻译赞助人甚至投资人,了解译文交际环境和用途,向译者发出翻译指令,以满足译文读者期望和社会要求,实现自身利益。翻译策略是构成翻译环境的六种因素相互作用的折衷结果。     

环境与经济协调发展评价与对策研究——以苏南地区为例

本文以江苏省苏南地区17个样本城市为研究对象,构建了一套环境与经济协调发展的评价指标体系。并在因子分析基础上,测算了苏南地区城市环境与经济的协调度与协调发展度。最终依据上述两个综合评价指标,本文将这些城市分为环境与经济协调发展较好型、一般型和较差型三类,并提出了进一步发展的相关政策建议。     

论《环境—行为》环境保护研究主题的扩展

从美国《环境-行为》杂志的载文量、研究主题、作者分布情况等基本指标来考察不同时期环境行为领域环境保护研究方向的学术关注,以探析环境保护研究主题的扩展。微观上,环境行为研究领域的学者由关注环境意识、态度与环境教育扩展至关注环境保护行为,除了社会层面的影响外,理论上的建构和完善也引发学者对具体行为关注的加深。宏观上,环境行为领域下有关生态及可持续发展的理论经历了关注、思考、建构、深化阶段,学者从对区域性环境问题的关注扩展至对全球生态的人文关怀。     

Institutionalized collective action and the relationship between beliefs about environmental problems and environmental actions: A cross-national analysis

How do institutions affect the relationship between an individual's beliefs and their actions? Institutionalized strategies are routine ways of addressing problems that become taken-for-granted in a society. Environmental problems constitute a collective action problem in that personal consumption often conflicts with collective interests. I test whether beliefs about environmental problems have a different impact on a person's pro-environmental behaviors, depending on how addressing collective action problems is institutionalized in their society. In particular, I use level of welfare targeting as an observable, organizational difference among societies that reflects different institutionalized strategies for addressing a prominent collective action problem. I use multilevel models on data from the 2010 International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) and measures of welfare targeting from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to answer this question. I find that in societies where the institutionalized strategy for dealing with inequality is highly targeted, individuals' beliefs that these problems are important, real, and whether they can do something about them have a greater impact on their actions. The results suggest individuals generalize taken-for-granted strategies of assuring collective welfare to implement their individual beliefs about the environment, making institutional environments important moderators of the strength of the belief-action relationship.     

企业内部控制中存在的问题与对策

内部控制是企业经营活动中强化内部会计监督,进行自我调节和自我约束的内在机制。我国企业在内部控制环境、会计责权控制和内部审计方面存在一些问题,必须建立健全企业内部控制机制。推动企业内部控制目标的实现,实现企业价值最大化。     

农村合作经济组织的组织形式、问题及对策

中国农村合作经济组织良好的发展势头,已经开始把农业产业中的一部分弱势群体带动起来,使长期困扰中国农业和农村经济发展中的一些困难和问题有了新的解决思路。文章在大量的调查研究和项目实践的基础上,对我国当前农村合作经济的组织形式以及各类组织建设中存在的共性问题和个性问题进行分析,以探讨解决这些问题的对策。     

中日近代科技发展的社会条件比较

本文运用社会建构的研究方法 ,对中日近代科技发展的外部史即社会生产方式、社会政治制度、社会文化传递方式、教育体制、两国对外来文化的态度及国际环境六个方面的因素及其相互渗透、相互作用的关系加以比较分析 ,回答了古代先进的中国科学技术到了近代反而处于落后地位 ,古代落后的日本科学技术到了近代却超过了中国并跨入世界先进行列的社会条件和文化背景原因