老年流动人口的就医行为及影响因素研究

近年来,我国老年流动人口的规模持续上升。文章使用2015年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,从门诊治疗和住院治疗两个方面出发,使用Logit模型和Heckman两步法检验分析老年流动人口的就医行为及其影响因素。结果显示,在患小病时,70岁及以上、以家庭其他成员收入为主要收入来源、家庭人均月收入水平较高、患有高血压或糖尿病的流动老年人选择门诊就医的可能性更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在患需要住院治疗的疾病时,以离退休金/养老金为主要收入来源、自评身体健康的老年流动人口更有可能选择住院治疗。参加医疗保险的类型也对老年流动人口的就医行为存在着显著的影响。此外,外出务工、依靠子女和退休养老三类老年流动人口在门诊就医行为及其影响因素方面也存在显著差异。     

Advice to mothers about managing children's behaviours in Canada's premier woman's magazine: a comparison of 1945–1956 with 1990–2010

Recent research and theorizing has characterized contemporary mothering as medicalized, intensive and risky. The rate of diagnosis of children's mental health issues has grown rapidly, particularly since the 90s. This paper examines the construction of mothering in regard to children's behaviours and mental health through an exploratory and qualitative content analysis of the portrayal of advice to mothers in Chatelaine Magazine, the premier women's magazine published in Canada. The time periods chosen for comparison were 1945–1956 and 1990–2010. The first period was selected because it was a time of dramatic changes that occurred in family, occupational and domestic life for women immediately after World War II. The second represents the modern period. The findings of the paper suggest that mothering was intensive, medicalized and risky in both periods although the conceptualizations of problems differed.     

Attitudes to debt among indebted undergraduates: A cross-national exploratory factor analysis

This paper reports the results of a cross-national study spanning England, New Zealand and the United States. A total of 496 first year undergraduates studying business or social science completed a 20-item questionnaire. This focused on their attitudes to their debt incurred while studying, as measured on a five-point Likert scale. A factor analysis model was developed, from which four consistent factors emerged, explaining 45 percent of the variation and consistent between countries. These factors were named: Anxiety, Utility-For-Lifestyle, Utility-For-Investment and Awareness. The first three factors were found to be uncorrelated with each other, but higher Awareness was associated with lower levels of Anxiety and Utility-For-Lifestyle and higher levels of Utility-For-Investment. The relationship with previous studies and implications for theory and practice are discussed.     

Behavioural determinants of perceived managerial and leadership effectiveness in Argentina

The purpose of this empirical study was to explore the perceptions of Argentinean managers and non-managerial employees about managerial and leadership effectiveness, and the extent to which the findings are generalized to other countries. The central research question addressed was as follows: How do people employed in Argentinean companies behaviourally distinguish effective managers from ineffective managers, and to what extent are the findings culture-specific or context-general? A total of 42 employees from private and public sector organizations in Cordoba, Argentina, were interviewed using critical incident technique. The interviews generated 302 critical incidents of which 155 were examples of positive (effective) managerial behaviour, and 147 of negative (ineffective) managerial behaviour. The findings suggest that Argentineans perceive as effective those managers who are supportive, considerate, motivating, caring, good decision makers, approachable, participative, fair-minded, communicative, actively involved, and who act as role models. This challenges the widely held belief that Argentineans prefer authoritarian managers over democratic ones.     

从法律适用层面解析滥用市场支配地位——采用经济指标与案例分析法

准确界定相关市场、市场支配地位及滥用行为对认定滥用市场支配地位尤显关键。然而,现有立法对此的相关规定尚存缺憾,从而造成法律实务中欠缺可操作性和统一性。因此,在界定“相关市场”时,可效仿欧盟、美国等做法,引入合理的可替代性和需求交叉弹性这两个经济指标,并效仿使用“SSNIP标准”;认定“市场支配地位”时,对直接性推定指标作出定义性界定,并可借鉴德国做法,在反垄断主管机构与国家统计局间建立与市场份额相关的数据信息的义务性联系;判定“滥用行为”时,借助一般性评判标准并明确采用合理原则,同时,对列举的六种常见表现形式加以细化解释。     

关于领导者成就动机的探讨

本文叙述了成就动机问题的提出和发展,综述了各国对该问题的研究现状,论述了领导的成就动机是其行为的驱动力。从而建议我国学术界应加强这一领域的学术研究。     

Implementing the Power to Kids programme in home-based (foster) care: Identifying the SAFETY approach

Sexual abuse and dating violence are chronic problems for children and young people in out-of-home care. This study explored the impact of a prevention and response programme Power to Kids, which targets harmful sexual behaviour (HSB), child sexual exploitation (CSE) and dating violence (DV) for children and young people in home-based (foster) care. Twenty-eight case managers, 25 foster carers and 13 children and young people participated in a mixed methods study in Victoria, Australia informed by the research question: How does the Power to Kids programme impact the sexual health and safety of children and young people in home-based (foster) care? The data analysis revealed a SAFETY approach whereby the sexual health and safety knowledge of carers and case managers was enhanced, and carers were given permission to have Brave Conversations with children and young people, who could then apply the new knowledge to their lives. Case managers were upskilled in identifying indicators of sexual abuse and empowered to escalate stalled therapeutic and disruption practice when children and young people were identified as experiencing HSB, CSE or DV.     

Estimating the probability of obtaining nonfeasible parameter estimates of the generalized pareto distribution

In this paper we consider the problem of estimating the parameters of the generalized Pareto distribution. Both the method of moments and probability-weighted moments do not guarantee that their respective estimates will be consistent with the observed data. We present simple programs to predict the probability of obtaining such nonfeasible estimates. Our estimation techniques are based on results from intensive simulations and the successful modelling of the lower tail of the distribution of the upper bound of the support. More simulations are performed to validate the new procedure.     

卓越工程教育应培养学生的“四力”

进入新世纪,我国高等工程教育面临着前所未有的挑战和机遇。当前工程教育要培养国际化的卓越工程人才应着重培养学生专业学习能力、创新创业能力、实践执行力和领导能力,这 ４种能力是错综复杂、相互交织、可以同时并存的,其过程是动态发展、辩证统一的。它统一于高校的工程教育过程之中,统一于高校工程专业学生卓越能力的形成之中,统一于学生的工程实践之中。     

供应链环境下龙头企业共生合作行为选择的影响因素分析——基于105个龙头企业安全农产品生产的实证研究

本文运用我国东、中、西部6个省(市)105个企业的调查数据,对供应链环境下企业共生合作行为选择的影响因素进行了计量经济分析。研究结果表明,企业与农户的互动程度与依赖程度、利益分配方式、安全农产品生产能力、安全农产品生产意识、企业实力、合作伙伴特质、安全农产品生产环境等七大因素对企业的共生合作行为有显著的正面影响,安全农产品经济效益对企业的共生合作行为有一定的正面影响,但不显著。最后,从企业、政府角度提出相关政策建议。